^Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编).Sumerian.Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016.
^2.02.1 Deutscher, Guy (2007). Syntactic Change in Akkadian: The Evolution of Sentential Complementation. Oxford University Press US. pp. 20–21.ISBN 978-0-19-953222-3.
^Joan Oates (1979). Babylon [Revised Edition] Thames and Hudston, Ltd. 1986 p. 30, 52–53.
^Michalowski, P., 2006: "The Lives of the Sumerian Language", in S.L. Sanders (ed.), Margins of Writing, Origins of Cultures, Chicago, 159–184
^Woods C. 2006 "Bilingualism, Scribal Learning, and the Death of Sumerian". In S. L. Sanders (ed) Margins of Writing, Origins of Culture: 91–120 Chicago [1] (Archive).
^possibly to be interpreted as "fine tongue" or "high-pitched voice" (Rubio (2007) p. 1369). Other terms for dialects or registers include eme-galam "high tongue", eme-si-sa "straight tongue", eme-te-na "oblique[?] tongue", etc. Sylvain Auroux, History of the Language Sciences vol. 1 (2000) p. 2.)
^Piotr Michalowski, "Sumerian," The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages." Ed. Roger D. Woodard (2004, Cambridge University Press). Pages 19–59
^DIAKONOFF, Igor M., 1997. "External Connections of the Sumerian Language." Mother Tongue 3: 54–63.
^Simo Parpola, "Sumerian: A Uralic language" in Language in the Ancient Near East. Compte rendu de la 53e Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, Moscow., July 23, 2007 (work in process).
^Aleksi Sahala 2009–2012, "Sumero-Indo-European Language Contacts" – University of Helsinki.
^Bomhard, Allan R. & PJ Hopper (1984) "Toward Proto-Nostratic: a new approach to the comparison of Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Afroasiatic" (Current Issues in Linguistic Theory, 27)
^Jan Braun, "SUMERIAN AND TIBETO-BURMAN, Additional Studies", Wydawnictwo Agade, Warszawa, 2004,ISBN 83-87111-32-5.
^Høyrup, Jens 1998: "Sumerian: The descendant of a proto-historical creole? An alternative approach to the Sumerian problem" in Published: AIΩN. Annali del Dipartimento di Studi del Mondo Classico e del Mediterraneo Antico. Sezione linguistica. Istituto Universitario Orientale, Napoli 14 (1992; publ. 1994), 21–72, Figs. 1–3.
^[Keetman, J. 2007. "Gab es einh im Sumerischen?" In:Babel und Bibel 3, p.21]
^19.019.1Michalowski, Piotr (2008): "Sumerian". In: Woodard, Roger D. (ed.) The Ancient Languages of Mesopotamia, Egypt and Aksum. Cambridge University Press. P.16
^"Sumerian language". The ETCSL project. Faculty of Oriental Studies, University of Oxford. 2005-03-29. Retrieved 2011-07-30.
^Attinger, Pascal, 1993. Eléments de linguistique sumérienne. p. 212 [4] (Archive).
^Smith, Eric J M. 2007. [-ATR] "Harmony and the Vowel Inventory of Sumerian". Journal of Cuneiform Studies, volume 57
^Michalowski, Piotr (2008): "Sumerian". In: Woodard, Roger D. (ed.) The Ancient Languages of Mesopotamia, Egypt and Aksum. Cambridge University Press. P.17
^Zólyomi, Gábor, 1993: Voice and Topicalization in Sumerian. PhD Dissertation
^27.027.1Johnson, Cale, 2004: In the Eye of the Beholder: Quantificational, Pragmatic and Aspectual Features of the *bí- Verbal Formation in Sumerian, Dissertation. UCLA, Los Angeles
^Zólyomi, Gábor (2014). Grzegorek, Katarzyna; Borowska, Anna; Kirk, Allison, eds. Copular Clauses and Focus Marking in Sumerian. De Gruyter. p. 8.ISBN 978-3-11-040169-1. Retrieved 21 July 2016.
Attinger, Pascal. Eléments de linguistique sumérienne: La construction de du11/e/di. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck&Ruprecht. 1993.ISBN 37-2780-869-1.
Diakonoff, I. M. Ancient Writing and Ancient Written Language: Pitfalls and Peculiarities in the Study of Sumerian. Assyriological Studies. 1976,20 (Sumerological Studies in Honor of Thorkild Jakobsen): 99–121.
Rubio, Gonzalo (2007), "Sumerian Morphology". InMorphologies of Asia and Africa, vol. 2, pp. 1327–1379. Edited by Alan S. Kaye. Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake, IN, ISBN = 1-57506-109-0.
Thomsen, Marie-Louise. The Sumerian Language: An Introduction to Its History and Grammatical Structure. Copenhagen: Akademisk Forlag. 2001 [1984].ISBN 87-500-3654-8. (Well-organized with over 800 translated text excerpts.)
Volk, Konrad. A Sumerian Reader. Rome: Pontificio Istituto Biblico. 1997.ISBN 88-7653-610-8. (collection of Sumerian texts, some transcribed, none translated)
