祖国力量 | |
|---|---|
| Fuerza Patria | |
 祖国力量标志 | |
| 领袖 | 克里斯蒂娜·费尔南德斯·德基什内尔 阿克塞尔·基西洛夫（西班牙语：Axel Kicillof） 塞尔吉奥·马萨 |
| 参议院领袖 | 何塞·马扬斯（西班牙语：José_Mayans） 朱莉安娜·迪图利奥（西班牙语：Juliana_Di_Tullio） |
| 众议院领袖 | 赫尔曼·马丁内斯（西班牙语：Germán_Pedro_Martínez） |
| 成立 | 2023年6月14日，2年前（2023-06-14） |
| 前身 | 大众阵线 |
| 意識形態 | 庇隆主义[4] 基什内尔主义[5] 社会民主主义[6] 左翼民粹主义[9][a] 派别： |
| 政治立場 | 中间偏左[15][b] |
| 官方色彩 | 蓝色 黄色 白色 （阿根廷国旗色） |
| 口號 | “你们就是祖国，让我们来保卫它。”[26] |
| 众议院 | 99 / 257 |
| 参议院 | 33 / 72 |
| 省长 | 7 / 24 |
| 成员 | 参见组成 |
| 官方网站 | |
| fuerzapatria.org | |
| 阿根廷政治 政党 ·选举 | |
祖国联盟[27][註 1]2025年更名为祖国力量（西班牙語：Fuerza Patria，缩写为FP）[28]，是阿根廷的一个中左翼政治和选举联盟，由庇隆主义政党所组成，为参加2023年总统选举而成立[29]。该联盟是大众阵线的继承者，大众阵线提名的候选人阿尔韦托·费尔南德斯在2019年总统选举中取胜，并当选为阿根廷总统[30]。2023年祖国联盟提名塞尔吉奥·马萨参选总统，但败选，选后祖国联盟成为主要的反对派。
祖国联盟以正义党为核心，并在联邦和省级都有盟友，包括塞尔吉奥·马萨的复兴阵线[31]，马萨也是祖国联盟在2023年总统选举推举的候选人。2023年10月22日，马萨在第一轮选举中取得36.78％的选票；第二轮选举只取得44.35％的选票，败给了哈维尔·米莱[32]。
在2019年总统大选之前，正义党的基什内尔主义派计划建立一个统一的庇隆主义选举阵线，这一计划最终随着大众阵线的成立而实现。大众阵线由正义党的多数派以及其他左翼和中间派政党所组成，大众阵线其前身是公民团结和胜利阵线。公民团结是为参加2017年议会中期选举成立的短暂联盟，而胜利阵线在2003年到2017年间作为正义党内基什内尔主义派的政治工具运作。大众阵线在2019年总统选举中提名阿尔韦托·费尔南德斯参选，在初选中得票47.8％；紧接着在第一轮总统选举得票48.2％，击败了得票40.4%的时任总统毛里西奥·马克里，成功政党轮替，使毛里西奥·马克里所在的中右翼合力改变联盟下台。时隔4年庇隆主义者重新掌权[33]，并由总统阿尔韦托·费尔南德斯和副总统兼前总统克里斯蒂娜·费尔南德斯·德基什内尔领导这一任期。任期过半，大众阵线在2021年立法选举中遭受重大失败，失去了众议院和参议院的多数席位，也是近40年来庇隆主义者首次失去了对国会的控制[34]。
2023年4月，阿根廷总统阿尔贝托·费尔南德斯宣布他自己不会寻求连任[35]。祖国联盟为2023年8月13日举行的阿根廷总统初选提名了塞尔吉奥·马萨和胡安·格拉博伊斯（英语：Juan Grabois）[36]，塞尔吉奥·马萨初选得票21.4％，而胡安·格拉博伊斯得票5.9％。选后，为集中选票对抗极右翼的哈维尔·米莱，初选落败的胡安·格拉博伊斯选择支持塞尔吉奥·马萨[37][38]。
2023年10月22日，塞尔吉奥·马萨在第一轮选举中取得36.78％的选票；但第二轮只取得44.35%的选票，马萨随后承认败选[39][40]。
祖国联盟为一个大帐篷庇隆主义联盟，成员意识形态包括了阿方辛激进主义者、进步主义者、自由主义者、保守主义者、基督教民主主义者、社会主义者、共产主义者、以及劳工主义者[31][29][41]。
| 选举 | 候选人 | 第一轮得票 | 第二轮得票 | 结果 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 全部 | %排名 | 全部 | %排名 | |||
| 2023 | 塞尔吉奥·马萨 | 9,853,492 | 36.78 (第一名) | 11,598,720 | 44.35 (第二名) | 落选 |
| 选举 | 众议院领袖 | 票数 | % | 赢得 | 地位 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 赫尔曼·马丁内斯（西班牙语：Germán_Pedro_Martínez） | 9,298,491 | 37.88 | 58 / 130 | 在野 |
| 选举 | 参议院领袖 | 票数 | % | 赢得 | 地位 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 何塞·马扬斯（西班牙语：José_Mayans） | 5,076,244 | 43.72 | 13 / 24 | 在野 |
The candidates in the main opposition coalition, United for Change (a conservative centre-right movement), obtained 28% and the current governing coalition Union for the Homeland (Peronist, centre left coalition) 27% of the votes, respectively.
On the other hand, Kirchnerism, now renamed Union for the Fatherland, remains in a crouching position (at times with destitute demonstrations toward Milei) after its terrible four-year government, which ended up leaving the accounts absolutely in red and a burst social structure.
The result also left the pro-government (Kirchnerist) Union for the Fatherland, which, although it did not expect, barring a miracle, to win the PASO, did not expect to come in third – to the point of not entering the October run-off if these positions were repeated – nor to obtain a percentage of votes clearly lower than that predicted by the polls.
其中执政联盟包括22个党派，主要以庇隆主义、社会民主主义和左翼民粹主义为代表。
For instance, in January, the nation's largest union, CGT, called for a general strike. The CGT is closely tied to the populist left-wing, Peronist Union por la Patria (Union for the Homeland).
Voters punished Union for the Homeland (Unión por la Patria, UP), the ruling left-wing populist coalition of President Alberto Fernández, who has presided over a crushing cost-of-living crisis that’s left 40% of Argentines in poverty amid 116% inflation.
Es ideológicamente una agrupación que contiene sectores de centro-centroizquierdaizquierda, con variantes progresistas, kirchneristas, peronistas no kirchneristas, socio liberales, Radicales K, y socialistas del siglo XXI.
Ideologically, it is a grouping that includes centre, centre-left, [and] left sectors, with progressive, Kirchnerist, non-Kirchnerist Peronist, socio-liberal, Radical K, and socialism of the 21st century variants.
The candidates in the main opposition coalition, United for Change (a conservative centre-right movement), obtained 28% and the current governing coalition Union for the Homeland (Peronist, centre left coalition) 27% of the votes, respectively.
The big losers in the primaries were the Peronists, the ruling centre-left 'Union for the Homeland' (Union por la Patria/UP), who gained just 27.3 % of the votes – a historically bad result (compared to 47 % in 2019).
Unlike in past years, when political alliances had no real internal competition, this time there are battles for the nominations of the two main groupings: Union for the Homeland, the Peronist centre-left alliance that is currently in government, and Together for Change, the centre-right opposition alliance founded by former president Mauricio Macri.
The traditional right-of-centre coalition Juntos por el Cambio (Together for Change) earned 28 percent of the vote in the primaries, while the ruling centre-left Peronist coalition, known as Union por la Patria (Union for the Homeland), clinched 27 percent.
Most polls peg the center-right opposition alliance Together for Change (JxC) with a slight edge against the center-left ruling coalition Union for the Homeland (UP).
Milei’s strongest competitors are seen as Economy Minister Sergio Massa of the governing left-of-center Union for the Homeland coalition and Patricia Bullrich of the main opposition coalition, the right-of-center United for Change.
The left-wing Peronist political movement — which was going to present two rival candidates — changed its mind in the final 24 hours before the registration deadline. La Unión por la Patria [Union for the Homeland] coalition — a renamed version of the ruling coalition — will offer up a single unity candidate for the October 22 elections: Sergio Massa, the incumbent minister of economy, who is steering the country through troubled financial waters. This decision left a vacuum in the center-left bloc, which has been dominated by the Kirchner family for the past two decades — first by Néstor Kirchner (who governed from 2003 until 2007) and then by his wife, Cristina, who was president from 2007 until 2015.
While Milei’s speech couched his successes as wins for the Argentine people, a boycott by members of Argentina’s left-leaning opposition Peronist party, Unión por la Patria, left the typically packed legislative chamber half-empty.
In Argentina, at the time of data collection, the centre-left coalition, called Unión por la Patria (UxP) included the long-running Peronist party.
The vote followed a long and heated debate in the lower chamber, with deputies for the main center-left Peronist opposition bloc, Union por la Patria, voicing fierce rejection of Milei's policies while supporters urged them not to obstruct the bill.
The CGT is closely tied to the populist left-wing, Peronist Union por la Patria (Union for the Homeland).
On the other hand, the Union for the Fatherland, the left-wing main opposition party affiliated with Peronism (the political ideology that succeeded former President Juan Domingo Peron and Nestor Kirchner), holds 45% of the Senate seats.
The big losers in the primaries were the Peronists, the ruling centre-left 'Union for the Homeland' (Union por la Patria/UP), who gained just 27.3 % of the votes – a historically bad result (compared to 47 % in 2019).
. «[..] la centroderecha de Juntos por el Cambio (Bullrich y Larreta) alcanzó el 28% y elcentro(derecha) representado por Unión por la Patria (Massa y Grabois) logró el 27,28 [..]»Alliance: Union for the Homeland (Unión por la Patria) – UP – Peronism, centre-left, centrism, Kirchnerism.
Union for the Homeland – Unión por la Patria – UP – Peronist, centre-left/left-wing – Founded: 2023 – Chamber of Deputies: 118/257 – Senate: 31/72.
中左翼执政联盟“祖国联盟”以1个百分比之差居第三位。
Allí se llevaron a cabo las negociaciones que permitieron consolidar el armado del nuevo espacio que cambió el nombre de Unión por la Patria a Fuerza Patria.
There, negotiations took place that led to the consolidation of the new political space, which changed its name from Unión por la Patria to Fuerza Patria.
Far from being a new space, it is simply a front that replaces the name "Unión por la Patria" with "Fuerza Patria", in a new attempt by Kirchnerism to distance itself from the failure of its last administration.
