枕头堡之战
南北战争的一部分
一幅展現邦聯軍士兵屠殺联邦军士兵的漫畫
日期 1864年4月12日 (1864-04-12) 地点 劳德代尔县 结果 美利堅聯盟國獲勝
参战方
美国 (联邦)	美利堅聯盟國
指挥官与领导者
Lionel F. Booth（英语：Lionel F. Booth） † William F. Bradford †	內森·貝德福德·福雷斯特 James R. Chalmers（英语：James R. Chalmers）
兵力
600	1,500–2,500
伤亡与损失
221 被殺, 130 受傷[1]	100 14 被殺 86 受傷[2]

枕头堡之战又称枕头堡大屠杀，是1864年4月12日在田納西州密西西比河畔枕头堡（英语：Fort Pillow State Historic Park）爆發的戰鬥，是南北战争的一部分。當時內森·貝德福德·福雷斯特指挥下的邦聯軍士兵屠杀试图投降的联邦军士兵（其中许多是非裔美国人）。

• Bailey, Ronald H., and the Editors of Time-Life Books.Battles for Atlanta: Sherman Moves East. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1985.ISBN 0-8094-4773-8.
• Castel, Albert. "The Fort Pillow Massacre: A Fresh Examination of the Evidence" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）,Civil War History 4 (March 1958).
• Cimprich, John, and Robert C. Mainfort, Jr., eds. "Fort Pillow Revisited: New Evidence About An Old Controversy" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）,Civil War History 4 (Winter, 1982). [Note 2005 book by Cimprich, below.]
• Clark, Achilles V. "A Letter of Account." Edited by Dan E. Pomeroy.Civil War Times Illustrated 24(4) (June 1985).
• Eicher, David J.The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001.ISBN 0-684-84944-5.
• Fisher, John E.They Rode With Forrest and Wheeler: A Chronicle of Five Tennessee Brothers' Service in the Confederate Western Cavalry. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 1995.ISBN 0-7864-0083-8.
• Foote, Shelby.The Civil War: A Narrative. Vol. 3,Red River to Appomattox. New York: Random House, 1974.ISBN 0-394-74913-8.
• Fuchs, Richard L.An Unerring Fire: The Massacre at Fort Pillow. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2002.ISBN 978-0-8117-1824-0.
• Grant, Ulysses S.Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）. 2 vols. Charles L. Webster & Company, 1885–86.ISBN 0-914427-67-9.
• Grant, Ulysses S.,Ulysses S. Grant: Memoirs & Selected Letters. Library of America, 1990.ISBN 978-0940450585.
• Hupp, Stephen L.The Forgotten Battle of Fort Pillow and the Birth of the Ku Klux Klan. Library Journal. 15 June 2001: 117 [10 March 2018]. 
• Jordan, John L. "Was There a Massacre at Ft. Pillow?"Tennessee History Quarterly VI (June 1947): pp. 99–133.
• Nevins, Allan.The War for the Union. Vol. 4,The Organized War to Victory 1864–1865. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1971.ISBN 1-56852-299-1.
• Sherman, William T.,Memoirs of General W.T. Sherman. Library of America, 1990.ISBN 978-0940450653.
• The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Series 1, Part 132. Washington, DC:Government Printing Office. 1891（英语）. 
• U.S. Congress Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War,"Fort Pillow Massacre."House Report No. 65, 38th Congress, 1st Session.
• Ward, Andrew.River Run Red: The Fort Pillow Massacre in the American Civil War. New York: Viking Adult, 2005.ISBN 0-670-03440-1.
• National Park Service battle description （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• CWSAC report update （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）
• Burkhardt, George S. "No Quarter."North & South – The Official Magazine of the Civil War Society, vol. 10, no. 1.
• Cimprich, John.Fort Pillow, a Civil War Massacre, and Public Memory.Louisiana State University Press. 2005.ISBN 978-0807131107. 
• Frist, William Harrison, Jr.A Telling Battle: The Fort Pillow Massacre During the American Civil War, Senior Thesis No. 20318, Princeton University, 2006.
• Jordan, Thomas General, * Pryor J.P. Capt. The Campaigns Of General Nathan Bedford Forrest And Of Forrest's Cavalry, 1868, reprint 1996 Da Capo Press,ISBN 0-3068-0719-X
• United States Congress Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War,Fort Pillow Massacre, United States House of Representatives, 38th Congress, Reports 65 and 67, May 1864 [February 22, 2018] 
• Silkenat, David.Raising the White Flag: How Surrender Defined the American Civil War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2019.ISBN 978-1-4696-4972-6.
• Wills, Brian Steel.The Confederacy's Greatest Cavalryman: Nathan Bedford Forrest. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1992.ISBN 0-7006-0885-0.
• Wills, Brian Steel.'The River Was Dyed with Blood': Nathan Bedford Forrest and Fort Pillow.University of Oklahoma Press. 2014.ISBN 978-0806144535. 

• 江河战
• 1864年南北戰爭

• 使用过时图像语法的页面
• CS1英语来源 (en)