抗生素抗藥性（antibiotic resistance）是抗藥性的一種形式，藉此特性，一些微生物亞群體，通常是細菌種，能夠在暴露於一或多種抗生素之下得以生存；對多種抗生素具抗藥性的病原體被視為具有多重抗藥性（英语：Multiple drug resistance）（multidrug resistant，MDR），或更通俗地稱之超級細菌（superbugs）。微生物演化對抗生素產生抵抗力。[1]
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