Freud, S. (1905). Three essays on the theory of sexuality. In J. Strachey (Ed. and Trans.), The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud. (Vol. 7, pp. 123–245). London: Hogarth Press. (Original work published 1905)
Gelder, Ken (2007),Subcultures: Cultural Histories and Social Practice, London: Routledge.
Goffman, Ken (2004),Counterculture through the ages Villard BooksISBN 0-375-50758-2
Gretchen Lemke-Santangelo (2009),Daughters of Aquarius: Women of the Sixties Counterculture. University Press of Kansas.ISBN 0-7006-1633-0ISBN 978-0700616336
Hall, Stuart and Tony Jefferson (1991),Resistance Through Rituals: Youth Subcultures in Post-war Britain, London: Routledge.
Hazlehurst, Cameron and Kayleen M. Hazlehurst (1998),Gangs and Youth Subcultures: International Explorations, New Brunswick & London: Transaction Publishers.
Hebdige, Dick (1979),Subculture: the Meaning of Style, London & New York: Routledge.
Paul Hodkinson and Wolfgang Deicke (2007),Youth Cultures Scenes, Subcultures and Tribes, New York: Routledge.
Macfarlane, Scott (2007),The Hippie Narrative: A Literary Perspective on the Counterculture, Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co Inc,ISBN 0-7864-2915-1 &ISBN 978-0-7864-2915-8.
McKay, George (1996),Senseless Acts of Beauty: Cultures of Resistance since the Sixties. London Verso.ISBN 1-85984-028-0.
Nelson, Elizabeth (1989),The British Counterculture 1966-73: A Study of the Underground Press. London: Macmillan.
^2.02.1Eric Donald Hirsch.The Dictionary of Cultural Literacy. Houghton Mifflin.ISBN 0-395-65597-8. (1993) p 419. "Members of a cultural protest that began in the U.S. in the 1960s and Europe before fading in the 1970s... fundamentally a cultural rather than apolitical protest."
^His conception of the counterculture is discussed in Whiteley, 2012 and Bennett, 2012.
^Gelder,Subcultures (2007) p. 4. "...to the banalities of mass cultural forms".
^Hodkinson and Deicke,Youth Cultures (2007), p. 205. "...opposition to, the middle-class establishment of adults."
^Hebdige,Subculture (1979), p.127. "defining themselves against the parent culture."
^Hall & Jefferson,Resistance Through Rituals (1991), p.61. "They make articulate their opposition to dominant values and institutions—even when, as frequently occurred, this does not take the form of an overtly political response."
^Hazlehurst & Hazlehurst,Gangs and Youth Subcultures (1998), p.59. "There does seem to be some general commitment towards antiauthoritarianism, a rejection of the traditional party political system which is considered irrelevant."
^12.012.1Yablonsky, Lewis (1968), The Hippie Trip, New York: Western Publishing, Inc.,ISBN 978-0595001163, pp 21-37.
^原文如下："Despite the theoretical arguments that can be raised against the sociological value of counterculture as a meaningful term for categorising social action, likesubculture, the term lives on as a concept in social andcultural theory（英语：cultural theory）… [to] become part of a received, mediated memory".
^原文如下: "this involved not simply the utopian but also the dystopian and that while festivals such as those held atMonterey andWoodstock might appear to embrace the former, the deaths of such iconic figures asBrian Jones,Jimi Hendrix,Jim Morrison andJanis Joplin, the nihilistic mayhem atAltamont, and the shadowy figure ofCharlie Manson cast a darker light on its underlying agenda, one that reminds us that ‘pathological issues [are] still very much at large in today’s world".
^Mary Works Covington,Rockin' At the Red Dog: The Dawn of Psychedelic Rock, 2005.
^翻譯時，此處有小的省略，原文如下：In the United States, widespread tensions developed in the 1960s in American society that tended to flow along generational lines regarding thewar in Vietnam,race relations,sexual mores, women's rights, traditional modes of authority, and amaterialist interpretation of theAmerican Dream.
Беляев, И. А.Культура, субкультура, контркультура（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） / И. А. Беляев, Н. А. Беляева // Духовность и государственность. Сборник научных статей. Выпуск 3; под ред. И. А. Беляева. — Оренбург: Филиал УрАГС в г. Оренбурге, 2002. — С. 5-18.
