然後研究者就觀察 A 同 B 跟住落嚟啲經濟指標變化嘅規律有咩差異;喺呢場實驗入面,天災係一個IV,而啲經濟指標就係DV,假設兩個經濟體真係喺各方面都相約,經濟體 A 跟住落嚟同經濟體 B 嘅差異應該主要係源自個 IV 嘅;不過同一般嘅實驗室實驗唔同嘅係,呢件 IV 操作係「自然」發生(唔係由研究者施加)嘅。自然實驗常見於一啲專研究大規模現象嘅領域-好似係經濟學、社會學、地理學、考古學、地質學同生態學呀噉,噉係因為好似好多社會現象又或者係地殼變動呢啲咁大規模嘅現象,通常都好難喺實驗室裏面模擬[1][2]。
↑1.01.1Dunning, Thad (2012).Natural Experiments in the Social Sciences: A Design-Based Approach. Cambridge University Press.
↑2.02.1Leatherdale, S. T. (2019). Natural experiment methodology for research: a review of how different methods can support real-world research.International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 22(1), 19-35.
↑Wardle, D. A., Jonsson, M., Bansal, S., Bardgett, R. D., Gundale, M. J., & Metcalfe, D. B. (2012). Linking vegetation change, carbon sequestration and biodiversity: insights from island ecosystems in a long‐term natural experiment.Journal of ecology, 100(1), 16-30.
↑Guagnano, G. A., Stern, P. C., & Dietz, T. (1995). Influences on attitude-behavior relationships: A natural experiment with curbside recycling.Environment and behavior, 27(5), 699-718.