因為佢哋嗰兩個組入面個體係分別噉抽樣嘅,而且得一個應變數(狼嘅食量),所以佢哋可以用獨立樣本 t 測試。
用好似 t 測試噉嘅統計分析可以提高一份研究嘅說服力:一方面,啲研究者可以淨係靠直接比較兩個組喺個變數上各自嘅平均值( 同),但噉做唔會有乜嘢說服力;個變數係大致上呈常態分佈嘅-一隻狼嘅日常食量通常會接近所有狼嘅日常食量嘅平均值,離平均值愈遠嘅數值就會出現得愈少;如果齋靠比較兩個組嘅平均值,就等於冇考慮到抽樣等過程入面嘅隨機性-可能只係抽樣嗰陣唔好彩,大食嘅狼咁橋分嗮去實驗組嗰度,而食嘢少嘅狼就咁啱分嗮去對照組。於是啲研究人員為咗要提高佢哋份研究嘅說服力,就要攞啲數據嚟計吓[55]。
配對樣本 t 測試[e 60]:指做 t 測試嗰兩個組唔係獨立同分佈嘅,研究者做咗某啲嘢,令一組數值當中每一個都喺另外嗰組當中有個對應,例如做個心理學實驗,研究者想知個實驗操作會引致變數 有乜變化,於是就喺實驗前量度 一次,跟住對受試者做實驗操作,然後喺實驗後又量度 一次(睇返重複量數設計)。喺呢個情況下,每位受試者都有一個
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↑英文段原文:"There are three kinds of lies: lies, damned lies, and statistics."