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Praseodymium

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Chemical element with atomic number 59Àdàkọ:SHORTDESC:Chemical element with atomic number 59
Praseodymium, 59Pr
Praseodymium
Pípè/ˌpreɪziːəˈdɪmiəm/[1]​(PRAY-zee-ə-DIM-ee-əm)
Ìhànsójúgrayish white
Ìwúwo átọ̀mùAr, std(Pr)140.90766(1)[2]
Praseodymium ní orítábìlì àyè
HydrogenHelium
LithiumBerylliumBoronCarbonNitrogenOxygenFluorineNeon
SodiumMagnesiumAluminiumSiliconPhosphorusSulfurChlorineArgon
PotassiumCalciumScandiumTitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseIronCobaltNickelCopperZincGalliumGermaniumArsenicSeleniumBromineKrypton
RubidiumStrontiumYttriumZirconiumNiobiumMolybdenumTechnetiumRutheniumRhodiumPalladiumSilverCadmiumIndiumTinAntimonyTelluriumIodineXenon
CaesiumBariumLanthanumCeriumPraseodymiumNeodymiumPromethiumSamariumEuropiumGadoliniumTerbiumDysprosiumHolmiumErbiumThuliumYtterbiumLutetiumHafniumTantalumTungstenRheniumOsmiumIridiumPlatinumGoldMercury (element)ThalliumLeadBismuthPoloniumAstatineRadon
FranciumRadiumActiniumThoriumProtactiniumUraniumNeptuniumPlutoniumAmericiumCuriumBerkeliumCaliforniumEinsteiniumFermiumMendeleviumNobeliumLawrenciumRutherfordiumDubniumSeaborgiumBohriumHassiumMeitneriumDarmstadtiumRoentgeniumCoperniciumNihoniumFleroviumMoscoviumLivermoriumTennessineOganesson
-
↑
Pr
↓
Pa
cerium ←praseodymium →neodymium
Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù(Z)59
Ẹgbẹ́group n/a
Àyèàyè 6
Àdìpọ̀Àdìpọ̀-f
Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì Lanthanide
Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù[Xe] 4f3 6s2
Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan2, 8, 18, 21, 8, 2
Àwọn ohun ìní ara
Ìfarahànat STPsolid
Ìgbà ìyọ́1208 K​(935 °C,​1715 °F)
Ígbà ìhó3793 K​(3520 °C,​6368 °F)
Kíki(near r.t.)6.77 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)6.50 g/cm3
Heat of fusion6.89 kJ/mol
Heat of331 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity27.20 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)17711973(2227)(2571)(3054)(3779)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states0,[3] +1,[4] +2,+3, +4, +5Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.13
Atomic radiusempirical:182 pm
Covalent radius203±7 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of praseodymium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure​hexagonal
Hexagonal crystal structure for praseodymium
Speed of soundthin rod2280 m/s(at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion(r.t.) (α, poly) 6.7 µm/(m·K)
Thermal conductivity12.5 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity(r.t.) (α, poly)
0.700 µ Ω·m
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[5]
Young's modulus(α form) 37.3 GPa
Shear modulus(α form) 14.8 GPa
Bulk modulus(α form) 28.8 GPa
Poisson ratio(α form) 0.281
Vickers hardness400 MPa
Brinell hardness481 MPa
CAS Number7440-10-0
Mainisotopes of praseodymium
Iso­topeAbun­danceHalf-life(t1/2)Decay modePro­duct
141Pr100%141Pr isstable with 82neutrons
142Prsyn19.12 hβ−2.162142Nd
ε0.745142Ce
143Prsyn13.57dβ−0.934143Nd
Àdàkọ:Category-inline
|references

Praseodymium (pípè/ˌpreɪzi.ɵˈdɪmiəm/PRAY-zee-o-DIM-ee-əm tabi/ˌpreɪsi.ɵˈdɪmiəm/PRAY-see-o-DIM-ee-əm) jeapilese kemika to ni ami-idamoPr atinomba atomu 59.

Àyọkà yìí tàbí apá rẹ̀ únfẹ́ àtúnṣe sí.

Ẹ lefẹ̀ jù báyìí lọ tàbí kí ẹṣàtúnṣe rẹ̀ lọ́nà tí yíò mu kúnrẹ́rẹ́. Ẹ ran Wikipedia lọ́wọ́ látifẹ̀ẹ́ jù báyìí lọ.

Itokasi

[àtúnṣe |àtúnṣe àmìọ̀rọ̀]
  1. ↑Àdàkọ:OED
  2. ↑Meija,Juris;Coplen,Tyler B.;Berglund,Michael;Brand,Willi A.;De Bièvre,Paul;Gröning,Manfred;Holden,Norman E.;Irrgeher,Johannaet al.(2016)."Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)".Pure and Applied Chemistry88(3): 265–91.doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. 
  3. ↑Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce, Pm, Eu, Tm, Yb have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, seeCloke,F. Geoffrey N.(1993)."Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides".Chem. Soc. Rev.22: 17–24.doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. 
  4. ↑Chen,Xin(2019-12-13)."Lanthanides with Unusually Low Oxidation States in the PrB3– and PrB4– Boride Clusters".Inorganic Chemistry58(1): 411–418.doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02572.PMID 30543295. 
  5. ↑M. Jackson "Magnetism of Rare Earth"The IRM quarterly col. 10, No. 3, p. 1, 2000
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