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Platinum

Lát'ọwọ́ Wikipedia, ìwé ìmọ̀ ọ̀fẹ́
Chemical element with atomic number 78Àdàkọ:SHORTDESC:Chemical element with atomic number 78
Platinum, 78Pt
Platinum
Pípè/ˈplætᵻnəm/​(PLAT-ə-nəm)
Ìhànsójúgrayish white
Ìwúwo átọ̀mùAr, std(Pt)195.084(9)[1]
Platinum ní orítábìlì àyè
HydrogenHelium
LithiumBerylliumBoronCarbonNitrogenOxygenFluorineNeon
SodiumMagnesiumAluminiumSiliconPhosphorusSulfurChlorineArgon
PotassiumCalciumScandiumTitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseIronCobaltNickelCopperZincGalliumGermaniumArsenicSeleniumBromineKrypton
RubidiumStrontiumYttriumZirconiumNiobiumMolybdenumTechnetiumRutheniumRhodiumPalladiumSilverCadmiumIndiumTinAntimonyTelluriumIodineXenon
CaesiumBariumLanthanumCeriumPraseodymiumNeodymiumPromethiumSamariumEuropiumGadoliniumTerbiumDysprosiumHolmiumErbiumThuliumYtterbiumLutetiumHafniumTantalumTungstenRheniumOsmiumIridiumPlatinumGoldMercury (element)ThalliumLeadBismuthPoloniumAstatineRadon
FranciumRadiumActiniumThoriumProtactiniumUraniumNeptuniumPlutoniumAmericiumCuriumBerkeliumCaliforniumEinsteiniumFermiumMendeleviumNobeliumLawrenciumRutherfordiumDubniumSeaborgiumBohriumHassiumMeitneriumDarmstadtiumRoentgeniumCoperniciumNihoniumFleroviumMoscoviumLivermoriumTennessineOganesson
Pd
↑
Pt
↓
Ds
iridium ←platinum →gold
Nọ́mbà átọ̀mù(Z)78
Ẹgbẹ́group 10
Àyèàyè 6
Àdìpọ̀Àdìpọ̀-d
Ẹ̀ka ẹ́límẹ́ntì Transition metal
Ìtò ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Iye ẹ̀lẹ́ktrọ́nù lórí ìpele kọ̀ọ̀kan2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
Àwọn ohun ìní ara
Ìfarahànat STPsolid
Ìgbà ìyọ́2041.4 K​(1768.3 °C,​3214.9 °F)
Ígbà ìhó4098 K​(3825 °C,​6917 °F)
Kíki(near r.t.)21.45 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)19.77 g/cm3
Heat of fusion22.17 kJ/mol
Heat of469 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.86 J/(mol·K)
 pressure
P (Pa)1101001 k10 k100 k
at T (K)2330(2550)2815314335564094
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−3, −2, −1, 0, +1,+2, +3,+4, +5, +6Àdàkọ:Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state/comment
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 2.28
Atomic radiusempirical:139 pm
Covalent radius136±5 pm
Van der Waals radius175 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of platinum
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure​(fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for platinum
Thermal expansion8.8 µm/(m·K)(at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity71.6 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity105 n Ω·m(at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic
Young's modulus168 GPa
Shear modulus61 GPa
Bulk modulus230 GPa
Poisson ratio0.38
Mohs hardness4–4.5
Vickers hardness549 MPa
Brinell hardness392 MPa
CAS Number7440-06-4
Mainisotopes of platinum
Iso­topeAbun­danceHalf-life(t1/2)Decay modePro­duct
190Pt0.014%6.5×1011yα3.18186Os
191Ptsyn2.76 dε?191Ir
192Pt0.782%192Pt isstable with 114neutrons
193Ptsyn50yε?193Ir
193mPtsyn4.33 dIT0.1355e193Pt
194Pt32.967%194Pt isstable with 116neutrons
195Pt33.832%195Pt isstable with 117neutrons
195mPtsyn4.02 dIT0.1297e195Pt
196Pt25.242%196Pt isstable with 118neutrons
197Ptsyn19.8913 hβ−0.719197Au
197mPtsyn1.59 hIT0.3465197Pt
198Pt7.163%198Pt isstable with 120neutrons
Àdàkọ:Category-inline
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  1. ↑Meija,Juris;Coplen,Tyler B.;Berglund,Michael;Brand,Willi A.;De Bièvre,Paul;Gröning,Manfred;Holden,Norman E.;Irrgeher,Johannaet al.(2016)."Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)".Pure and Applied Chemistry88(3): 265–91.doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. 
 wò • if. • at. Tábìlì ìdásìkò
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Mẹ́tàlì álkálìMẹ́tàlì alkalínì ilẹ̀LanthanideÁktínídìTransition metalPost-transition metalMẹ́tálọ́ìdìÀìjẹ́mẹ́tàlì mírànHalojínẸ̀fúùfù abíireUnknown chemical properties
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