Purvapara, Pūrvāpara, Purva-apara: 15 definitions
Introduction:
Purvapara means something inBuddhism, Pali,Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi. If you want to know the exact meaning, history, etymology or English translation of this term then check out the descriptions on this page. Add your comment or reference to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article.
Alternative spellings of this word includePurvapar.
In Hinduism
Yoga (school of philosophy)
Pūrvāpara (पूर्वापर) refers to the “preliminary and advanced (stages)” (of the two-fold Yoga), according to the South-Indian recension of the Amanaska Yoga treatise dealing with meditation, absorption, yogic powers and liberation.—Accordingly, as Īśvara says to Vāmadeva: “[...] There is one Yoga which brings about liberation and is the best of the best of all Yogas. It is declared to be twofold, according to its preliminary and advanced stages (pūrvāpara-vibhāgatas). In this system, Tāraka is preliminary and Rājayoga is advanced. First, I shall explain the preliminary yoga in brief. [...]”.
Yoga is originally considered a branch of Hindu philosophy (astika), but both ancient and modern Yoga combine the physical, mental and spiritual. Yoga teaches various physical techniques also known as āsanas (postures), used for various purposes (eg., meditation, contemplation, relaxation).
In Buddhism
Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism)
Pūrvāpara (पूर्वापर) refers to the “beginning and end (of the night)”, according to the Gaganagañjaparipṛcchā: the eighth chapter of the Mahāsaṃnipāta (a collection of Mahāyāna Buddhist Sūtras).—Accordingly, as Gaganagañja said to Ratnapāṇi: “Son of good family, those sixty-four dharmas are included in one hundred twenty-eight dharmas. What are those one hundred twenty-four? [...] (59) the lightness of body is included in knowing the proper time for eating and making an effort at practicing vigilance in the beginning and end of the night (pūrvāpara-pūrvarātrāpararātra); (60) lightness of thought is included in eagerness and examination; (61) being free from lassitude is included in impermanence and suffering; (62) desire is included in the absence of what belongs to the ego and property; [...]’”.
Mahayana (महायान, mahāyāna) is a major branch of Buddhism focusing on the path of a Bodhisattva (spiritual aspirants/ enlightened beings). Extant literature is vast and primarely composed in the Sanskrit language. There are manysūtras of which some of the earliest are the various Prajñāpāramitā sūtras.
Languages of India and abroad
Marathi-English dictionary
pūrvāpara (पूर्वापर).—a (Spūrva&apara) Antecedent and subse- quent; the preceding and the following; aspūrvāparasambandha. 2 Used as ad At the beginning and subsequently. Ex. grantha pū0pāhilyāvāñcūna lāgaṇāra nāhīṃ.
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pūrvāpāra (पूर्वापार) [or पूर्वांपार, pūrvāmpāra].—ad (A corruption and perversion ofpūrvāparaS) From the first; from olden times; from days of yore. Ex.hyā gāṃvacī pūrvāpāra vahivāṭa asīca āhē;āmhī pūrvāpāra jasēṃ varttata ālōṃ tyāpramāṇēṃ puḍhēṃ varttūṃ.
Source:DDSA: The Aryabhusan school dictionary, Marathi-Englishpūrvāpāra (पूर्वापार).—ad From the first; from olden times.
Marathi is an Indo-European language having over 70 million native speakers people in (predominantly) Maharashtra India. Marathi, like many other Indo-Aryan languages, evolved from early forms of Prakrit, which itself is a subset of Sanskrit, one of the most ancient languages of the world.
Sanskrit dictionary
Pūrvāpara (पूर्वापर).—a.
1) eastern and western;कतमोऽयं पूर्वापर- समुद्रावगाढः सानुमानालोक्यते (katamo'yaṃ pūrvāpara- samudrāvagāḍhaḥ sānumānālokyate) Ś.7;पूर्वापरौ तोयनिधी वगाह्य (pūrvāparau toyanidhī vagāhya) Ku. 1.1.
2) first and last.
3) prior and subsequent, preceding and following.
4) connected with another.(-ram) 1 what is before and behind.
2) connection;न च पूर्वापरं विद्यात् (na ca pūrvāparaṃ vidyāt) Manusmṛti 8.56.
3) the proof and the thing to be proved. °विरोधः (virodhaḥ) inconsistency, incongruity.
Pūrvāpara is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the termspūrva andapara (अपर).
Source:Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Shabda-Sagara Sanskrit-English DictionaryPūrvāpara (पूर्वापर) or Pūrvvāpara.—mfn.
(-raḥ-rā-raṃ) First and last, prior and subsequent. n.
(-raṃ) Proof, and thing to be proved. E.pūrva, andapara after.
Source:Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Benfey Sanskrit-English DictionaryPūrvāpara (पूर्वापर).—I. adj. 1. being before and behind. 2. prior and subsequent. Ii. n. sing. 1. east and west. 2. connexion, [Mānavadharmaśāstra] 8, 56 (Proof, and thing to be proved, [Raghuvaṃśa, (ed. Stenzler.)]).
— Cf. [Gothic.] afar, after, [New High German.] aber.
Pūrvāpara is a Sanskrit compound consisting of the termspūrva andapara (अपर).
Source:Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Cappeller Sanskrit-English DictionaryPūrvāpara (पूर्वापर).—[adjective] fore and hind, eastern and western, first and last, prior and subsequent.
Source:Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary1) Pūrvāpara (पूर्वापर):—[frompūrva]mfn. being before and behind
3) [v.s. ...] prior and subsequent, first and last
5) [frompūrva]n. that which is before and behind, east and west, [Sūryasiddhānta]
6) [v.s. ...] connection, [Manu-smṛti viii, 56]
7) [v.s. ...] the proof and thing to be proved, [Horace H. Wilson]
Source:Cologne Digital Sanskrit Dictionaries: Yates Sanskrit-English DictionaryPūrvāpara (पूर्वापर):—[pūrvā+para](raḥ-rā-raṃ) a. First and last.n. Proof, thing to be proved.
[Sanskrit to German]
Sanskrit, also spelled संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam), is an ancient language of India commonly seen as the grandmother of the Indo-European language family (even English!). Closely allied with Prakrit and Pali, Sanskrit is more exhaustive in both grammar and terms and has the most extensive collection of literature in the world, greatly surpassing its sister-languages Greek and Latin.
Hindi dictionary
Pūrvāpara (पूर्वापर) [Also spelled purvapar]:—(ind) the previous and the next, the preceding and the following; —[krama] sequence, succession; ~[tā] sequence, succession.
...
Kannada-English dictionary
Pūrvāpara (ಪೂರ್ವಾಪರ):—
1) [adjective] happened in the past and happening in future; being before and behind; preceding and following.
2) [adjective] eastern and western.
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Pūrvāpara (ಪೂರ್ವಾಪರ):—
1) [noun] (collectively) the past history of events, happenings, etc. and their probable effects in future; antecedents (as of a person).
2) [noun] the favourable and unfavourable aspects of an action.
Kannada is a Dravidian language (as opposed to the Indo-European language family) mainly spoken in the southwestern region of India.
Nepali dictionary
Pūrvāpara (पूर्वापर):—n. the front and back part of things; adj. 1. of the front and back part of things; 2. of the east and west;
Nepali is the primary language of the Nepalese people counting almost 20 million native speakers. The country of Nepal is situated in the Himalaya mountain range to the north of India.
See also (Relevant definitions)
Starts with:Purvaparadakshina,Purvaparadhi,Purvaparadina,Purvaparagrantha,Purvaparam,Purvaparamarshe,PurvaparantakaSutra,Purvaparapada,Purvaparaprayoga,Purvapararatri,Purvaparasmartaprayoga,Purvaparasutra,Purvaparatva,Purvaparavirodha,Purvaparavritta,Purvaparayata.
Full-text (+8):Purvaparam,Purvaparavirodha,Purvaparadakshina,Purvaparagrantha,Samagapurvapara,Purvaparaprayoga,Paurvaparya,Purvaparatva,Purvaparadina,Purvapararatri,Purvaparibhava,Purvapar,Purvaparasmartaprayoga,Purvaparya,Dikshin,Purvaparayata,Labdhapurvapara,Paurvvaparyya,Paurvvaparya,Paurvaparyya.
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Search found 17 books and stories containing Purvapara, Pūrvāpara, Pūrvāpāra, Purva-apara, Pūrva-apara; (plurals include: Purvaparas, Pūrvāparas, Pūrvāpāras, aparas). You can also click to the full overview containing English textual excerpts. Below are direct links for the most relevant articles:
Manusmriti with the Commentary of Medhatithi (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 8.56 < [Section XII - Non-payment of debt]
Rig Veda (translation and commentary) (by H. H. Wilson)
Rig Veda 10.85.18 < [Sukta 85]
Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu (by Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī)
Verse 2.4.58 < [Part 4 - Transient Ecstatic Disturbances (vyābhicāri-bhāva)]
Tattvasangraha [with commentary] (by Ganganatha Jha)
Verse 1801 < [Chapter 21 - Examination of the doctrine of ‘Traikālya’]
Brihat Jataka by Varahamihira [Sanskrit/English] (by Michael D Neely)
Verse 26.1 < [Chapter 26 - Lost Horoscopes]
Verse 1.3 < [Chapter 1 - Zodiac Signs]
Verse 6.2 < [Chapter 6 - Early Death]
A Descriptive Catalogue of the Sanskrit Manuscripts, Madras (by M. Seshagiri Sastri)