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SQL Tutorial

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SQL KeywordsMySQL Functions
String Functions:ASCIICHAR_LENGTHCHARACTER_LENGTHCONCATCONCAT_WSFIELDFIND_IN_SETFORMATINSERTINSTRLCASELEFTLENGTHLOCATELOWERLPADLTRIMMIDPOSITIONREPEATREPLACEREVERSERIGHTRPADRTRIMSPACESTRCMPSUBSTRSUBSTRINGSUBSTRING_INDEXTRIMUCASEUPPERNumeric Functions:ABSACOSASINATANATAN2AVGCEILCEILINGCOSCOTCOUNTDEGREESDIVEXPFLOORGREATESTLEASTLNLOGLOG10LOG2MAXMINMODPIPOWPOWERRADIANSRANDROUNDSIGNSINSQRTSUMTANTRUNCATEDate Functions:ADDDATEADDTIMECURDATECURRENT_DATECURRENT_TIMECURRENT_TIMESTAMPCURTIMEDATEDATEDIFFDATE_ADDDATE_FORMATDATE_SUBDAYDAYNAMEDAYOFMONTHDAYOFWEEKDAYOFYEAREXTRACTFROM_DAYSHOURLAST_DAYLOCALTIMELOCALTIMESTAMPMAKEDATEMAKETIMEMICROSECONDMINUTEMONTHMONTHNAMENOWPERIOD_ADDPERIOD_DIFFQUARTERSECONDSEC_TO_TIMESTR_TO_DATESUBDATESUBTIMESYSDATETIMETIME_FORMATTIME_TO_SECTIMEDIFFTIMESTAMPTO_DAYSWEEKWEEKDAYWEEKOFYEARYEARYEARWEEKAdvanced Functions:BINBINARYCASECASTCOALESCECONNECTION_IDCONVCONVERTCURRENT_USERDATABASEIFIFNULLISNULLLAST_INSERT_IDNULLIFSESSION_USERSYSTEM_USERUSERVERSION
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SQLQuick Reference from W3Schools

SQL StatementSyntax
AND / ORSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
AND|OR condition
ALTER TABLEALTER TABLE table_name
ADD column_name datatype

or

ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP COLUMN column_name

AS (alias)SELECT column_name AS column_alias
FROM table_name

or

SELECT column_name
FROM table_name  AS table_alias

BETWEENSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
BETWEEN value1 AND value2
CREATE DATABASECREATE DATABASE database_name
CREATE TABLECREATE TABLE table_name
(
column_name1 data_type,
column_name2 data_type,
column_name3 data_type,
...
)
CREATE INDEXCREATE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)

or

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX index_name
ON table_name (column_name)

CREATE VIEWCREATE VIEW view_name AS
SELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE condition
DELETEDELETE FROM table_name
WHERE some_column=some_value

or

DELETE FROM table_name
(Note:Deletes the entire table!!)

DELETE * FROM table_name
(Note:Deletes the entire table!!)

DROP DATABASEDROP DATABASE database_name
DROP INDEXDROP INDEX table_name.index_name (SQL Server)
DROP INDEX index_name ON table_name (MS Access)
DROP INDEX index_name (DB2/Oracle)
ALTER TABLE table_name
DROP INDEX index_name (MySQL)
DROP TABLEDROP TABLE table_name
EXISTSIF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE id = ?)
BEGIN
--do what needs to be done if exists
END
ELSE
BEGIN
--do what needs to be done if not
END
GROUP BYSELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name
HAVINGSELECT column_name, aggregate_function(column_name)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
GROUP BY column_name
HAVING aggregate_function(column_name) operator value
INSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name
IN (value1,value2,..)
INSERT INTOINSERT INTO table_name
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)

or

INSERT INTO table_name
(column1, column2, column3,...)
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,....)

INNER JOINSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
INNER JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
LEFT JOINSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
LEFT JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
RIGHT JOINSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
RIGHT JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
FULL JOINSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name1
FULL JOIN table_name2
ON table_name1.column_name=table_name2.column_name
LIKESELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name LIKE pattern
ORDER BYSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
ORDER BY column_name [ASC|DESC]
SELECTSELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
SELECT *SELECT *
FROM table_name
SELECT DISTINCTSELECT DISTINCT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
SELECT INTOSELECT *
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]
FROM old_table_name

or

SELECT column_name(s)
INTO new_table_name [IN externaldatabase]
FROM old_table_name

SELECT TOPSELECT TOP number|percent column_name(s)
FROM table_name
TRUNCATE TABLETRUNCATE TABLE table_name
UNIONSELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2
UNION ALLSELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION ALL
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2
UPDATEUPDATE table_name
SET column1=value, column2=value,...
WHERE some_column=some_value
WHERESELECT column_name(s)
FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value

Source : https://www.w3schools.com/sql/sql_quickref.asp


 
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