To view and modify the Environment Variables for a givenService, open the Service using theTwilio Console. Once the Functions Editor is open for your Service, in theSettings menu, click onEnvironment Variables.

Expand image

The resulting UI allows you to add, remove, and update Environment Variables.

Additionally, theAdd my Twilio Credentials (ACCOUNT_SID) and (AUTH_TOKEN) to ENV checkbox allows you to choose if you would like for your ACCOUNT SID and AUTH TOKEN to be automatically added to your Function's context. This means both of these values will be accessible as Environment Variables fromcontext, and also that callingcontext.getTwilioClient() will return an initialized Twilio REST client for making calls to Twilio's API.

If you're using multiple Environments in your application, such as dev, stage, and production, it's common to have the same Environment Variables present in each Environment, but with different values so that each version of your application is connecting to the appropriate resources. These could be various API keys with different levels of access or rate limits for the same service, credentials for different versions of your database, and more.

Using the Console UI, you can switch between which Environment Variables you are adjusting by clicking on your application URL, directly above theDeploy All button. This will render a menu showing your various Environments, and selecting one will put you in the context of that Environment.

Expand image

Any modifications to Environment Variables that follow will only apply to the selected Environment and not affect any others.

Any Environment Variables that have been set will be accessible in your Function as properties of thecontext object by name. For example, if you set an Environment Variable named API_KEY, it can be retrieved ascontext.API_KEY in your Function's code.

Suppose an IVR tree you're designing requires some logic to determine if a branch of your business is open that day based on local temperatures. Using the OpenWeather Weather API and an API Key that you've set to an Environment Variable, you could securely retrieve that key fromcontext.API_KEY and make validated requests for weather data to complete your business logic. You can also store a common support phone number as an Environment Variable to share between your Functions.

1
constaxios=require("axios");
2
constquerystring=require("querystring");
3
4
exports.handler= async(context,event,callback)=>{
5
// Environment Variables can be accessed from the context object
6
constapiKey=context.API_KEY;
7
constsupportNumber=context.SUPPORT_PHONE_NUMBER;
8
9
// Query parameters and the request body can be accessed
10
// from the event object
11
constcity=event.city||"Seattle";
12
13
// The Weather API accepts the city and apiKey as query parameters
14
constquery=querystring.stringify({ q: city, appid: apiKey });
15
// Make our OpenWeather API request, and be sure to await it!
16
const{data}= awaitaxios.get(
17
`https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?${query}`
18
);
19
// Do some math to convert the returned temperature from Kelvin to F
20
consttempInFahrenheit=(data.main.temp-273.15)*1.8+32;
21
// If its too hot, relay this information and the support number
22
if(tempInFahrenheit>=100) {
23
returncallback(null, {
24
isOpen:false,
25
message:
26
"Due to extreme temperatures and to protect the health "+
27
"of our employees, we're closed today. If you'd like to "+
28
`speak to our support team, please call ${supportNumber}`,
29
});
30
}
31
// Otherwise, business as usual
32
returncallback(null, { isOpen:true, message:"We're open!"});
33
};

Thecontext object provides you with several Environment Variables by default:

There are limitations on the size of individual Environment Variables depending on your method of deployment. A variable can be no longer than:

• 255 characters if set using the current V2 Console
• 150 characters if set using the legacy, Functions(Classic) Console
• 450 bytes if set using the Serverless Toolkit or the Serverless API

Additionally, there is a maximum limit of approximately3kb on the combined size of your Environment Variables after they have been JSON encoded.

If you must store an extremely long API key or other credential, such as an RSA key, which will cause you to exceed these limits, we suggest that you instead store the value in aprivate Asset and ingest it in your code using theRuntime.getAssets helper.

Given these constraints and a large RSA key that you need to store securely, you could store the text of the key in an Asset namedcredentials.json, and set the Asset's Privacy toprivate.

1
{
2
"myRsaKey":"xxxxxx..."
3
}

You could then access the RSA key (or any other stored credentials) in your Function using this code pattern.

1
exports.handler=(context,event,callback)=>{
2
// The open method returns the file's contents assuming utf8 encoding.
3
// Use JSON.parse to parse the file back into a JavaScript object
4
constcredentials=JSON.parse(
5
Runtime.getAssets()["/credentials.json"].open()
6
);
7
8
// Reference the key from the credentials object
9
const{myRsaKey}=credentials;
10
11
// Perform any API calls that require this key!...
12
};