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1Spring Boot Actuator 2.0 &Micrometer2018-03-27Toshiaki Maki (@making / tmaki@pivotal.io)

Who am I ?2Toshiaki Maki (@making) https://blog.ik.amSr. Solutions Architect @Pivotal JapanSpring / Cloud Foundry / Concourse / Kubernetes" Spring Boot 2": https://note.ik.am (not free!)

What' new in Spring Boot 2X• Infrastructure Update (Spring 5, Tomcat 8.5, Jetty9.4, Hibernete 5.3, HikariCP as a default CP)• Starters for reactive projects• Reactive web test support• new OAuth 2 support• explicit Spring Security configurations• Actuator refactoring / Micrometer support• Kotlin support

Agenda3• Spring Boot Actuator 2• Micrometer• Micrometer• Histograms and percentiles• Micrometer API

Spring Boot Actuator5Additional features to help you monitor and manageyour application in production.<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency>

Supported Endpoints6• auditevents• beans• conditions• configprops• env• flyway• health• httptracehttps://demo-micrometer.cfapps.io/actuatorhttps://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/production-ready-endpoints.html• info• loggers• liquibase• metrics• mappings• scheduledtasks• sessions• shutdown• threaddump• heapdump• jolokia• logfile• prometheus/actuator/*•renamed•added

Technology Support7Spring Boot Actuator 1.x Spring Boot Actuator 2.x•Spring MVC •Spring MVC•Spring WebFlux•Jersey

How to enable endpoints8Default exposed endpoints are /info and /health.management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=*management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=info,health,envAll endpoints are not secured by default.

Secure endpoints (Spring MVC)9http.authorizeRequests().mvcMatchers("/actuator/health", "/actuator/info").permitAll().mvcMatchers("/actuator/**") .hasRole("ACTUATOR").anyRequest().permitAll().and().httpBasic().and()...

Secure endpoints (Spring MVC)9http.authorizeRequests().mvcMatchers("/actuator/health", "/actuator/info").permitAll().mvcMatchers("/actuator/**") .hasRole("ACTUATOR").anyRequest().permitAll().and().httpBasic().and()... spring.security.user.name=hogespring.security.user.password=foospring.security.user.roles=ACTUATOR

Secure endpoints (Spring MVC)10http.authorizeRequests().requestMatchers(EndpointRequest.to("health", "info")).permitAll().requestMatchers(EndpointRequest.toAnyEndpoint()) .hasRole("ACTUATOR").anyRequest().permitAll().and().httpBasic().and()...

Secure endpoints (Spring WebFlux)11http.authorizeExchange().matchers(EndpointRequest.to("health", "info")).permitAll().matchers(EndpointRequest.toAnyEndpoint()) .hasRole("ACTUATOR").anyExchange().permitAll().and().httpBasic().and()...

Health Check12management.endpoint.health.show-details=when_authorizedwhen authorized

Cloud Foundry Support13 https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.x/reference/html/production-ready-cloudfoundry.html

Micrometer15Move to MicrometerThink SLF4J, but for MetricsInstrument without vendor lock-in:• Prometheus• Netflix Atlas• Datadog• InfluxDB• ...Multi-dementional metricshttps://micrometer.io/

Supported monitoring systems16Server polls Client pushesPrometheusAtlas, Datadog, Datadog StatsD,Influx, SignalFx, Telegraf StatsD,Wavefront, New RelicDimensionalGraphite, Ganglia, JMX, Etsy StatsD,PCF Metrics 1.4Hierarchicalpushpoll

Prometheus17<dependency><groupId>io.micrometer</groupId><artifactId>micrometer-registry-prometheus</artifactId></dependency>

/actuator/prometheus18system_cpu_count 4.0system_load_average_1m 1.64jvm_memory_max_bytes{area="heap",id="PS Eden Space",}1.05906176E8jvm_memory_max_bytes{area="heap",id="PS Survivor Space",}2.1495808E7jvm_memory_max_bytes{area="heap",id="PS Old Gen",} 3.00941312E8http_server_requests_seconds_count{exception="None",method="GET",status="200",uri="/hello",} 4469.0http_server_requests_seconds_sum{exception="None",method="GET",status="200",uri="/hello",} 297.942920787http_server_requests_seconds_max{exception="None",method="GET",status="200",uri="/hello",} 0.401581731https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.x/reference/html/production-ready-metrics.html#production-ready-metrics-meter

On Cloud Foundry21@Bean@Profile("cloud")public MeterRegistryCustomizer meterRegistryCustomizer(@Value("${vcap.application.name:}") String name,@Value("${vcap.application.instance_id:}") String id) {return registry -> registry.config().commonTags("cf_app_name", name,"cf_app_instance_id", id);}

On Cloud Foundry22system_cpu_count{cf_app_instance_id="31388366-...",cf_app_name="demo-micrometer",}} 4.0system_load_average_1m{cf_app_instance_id="31388366-...",cf_app_name="demo-micrometer",} 1.64jvm_memory_max_bytes{cf_app_instance_id="31388366-...",cf_app_name="demo-micrometer",area="heap",id="PS Eden Space",}1.05906176E8jvm_memory_max_bytes{cf_app_instance_id="31388366-...",cf_app_name="demo-micrometer",area="heap",id="PS Survivor Space",}2.1495808E7jvm_memory_max_bytes{cf_app_instance_id="31388366-...",cf_app_name="demo-micrometer",area="heap",id="PS Old Gen",} 3.00941312E8

Datadog23<dependency><groupId>io.micrometer</groupId><artifactId>micrometer-registry-datadog</artifactId></dependency>management.metrics.export.datadog.api-key=YOUR-API-KEY

PCF Metrics25Bind Metrics Forwarder Servicehttps://github.com/cloudfoundry/java-buildpack-metric-writer Use Metric Writer 2.4.0+ which comes with JBP 4.10+

Histogram27management.metrics.distribution.percentiles-histogram.http.server.requests=true

Histogram in Prometheus28http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.061516456",} 15646.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.067108864",} 15657.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.089478485",} 15679.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.111848106",} 15679.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.134217727",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.156587348",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.178956969",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.20132659",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.223696211",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.246065832",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.268435456",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.357913941",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.447392426",} 16475.0The number of requests that took less than 0.447392426 sec.

Query percentiles in Prometheus29histogram_quantile(0.9,sum(rate(http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{status="200"}[5m])) by (app, uri, le))https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/functions/#histogram_quantile()

SLA (Service Level Agreement)30management.metrics.distribution.sla.http.server.requests=100ms, 200ms, 400ms

SLA in Prometheus31http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.061516456",} 15646.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.067108864",} 15657.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.089478485",} 15679.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.1",} 15679.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.111848106",} 15679.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.134217727",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.156587348",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.178956969",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.2",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.20132659",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.223696211",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.246065832",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.268435456",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.357913941",} 15680.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.4",} 15687.0http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{...,uri="/hello",le="0.447392426",} 16475.0

Monitor user experience by Apdex32Apdex = (Satisfied requests + Tolerating requests / 2)/ Total number of requestsSatisﬁed: The response time is less than or equal to T.Tolerating: The response time is greater than T and less than or equal to 4T.Frustrated: The response time is greater than 4T.https://docs.newrelic.com/docs/apm/new-relic-apm/apdex/apdex-measuring-user-satisfaction

For example, T = 1.2 [sec]33Level Multiplier Time (T Example = 1.2)Satisfied T or less <= 1.2 secondsTolerating >T, <= 4T Between 1.2 and 4.8secondsFrustrated > 4T Greater than 4.8secondshttps://docs.newrelic.com/docs/apm/new-relic-apm/apdex/apdex-measuring-user-satisfaction

34• During a 2minute period a server handles 200 requests• T = 1.2 [sec]• 170 of the requests were handled within 1.2 sec[Satisfied]• 20 of the requests were handled between 1.2 sec and4.8 sec [Tolerating]• The remaining 10 took longer than 4.8 sec. [Frustrated]• Appdex = (170 + (20 / 2)) / 200 = 0.9For example, T = 1.2 [sec]

Query Appdex (T=100ms) in Prometheus35( sum(rate(http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{le="0.1",status="200"}[5m])) by (app, uri) +sum(rate(http_server_requests_seconds_bucket{le="0.4",status="200"}[5m])) by (app, uri) )https://prometheus.io/docs/practices/histograms/#apdex-score

Client-side Percentile37management.metrics.distribution.percentiles.http.server.requests=0.5, 0.9, 0.95, 0.99, 0.999http_server_requests_seconds{...,uri="/hello",quantile="0.5",} 0.050855935http_server_requests_seconds{...,uri="/hello",quantile="0.9",} 0.051380223http_server_requests_seconds{...,uri="/hello",quantile="0.95",} 0.40265318http_server_requests_seconds{...,uri="/hello",quantile="0.99",} 0.40265318http_server_requests_seconds{...,uri="/hello",quantile="0.999",} 0.40265318

Percentiles for the specific uri in Prometheus38max(http_server_requests_seconds{uri="/hello",status="200", exception="None"}) by (quantile)

Meter (Timer, Counter, Gauge, ...)40@Componentpublic class FooService {final Counter counter;public FooService(MeterRegistry registry) {this.counter = Counter.builder("received.messages").register(registry);}public void handleMessage() {this.counter.increment();}}Timer, Counter, Gauge, DistributionSummary, LongTaskTimer, FunctionCounter, FunctionTimer, and TimeGauge

Meter (Timer, Counter, Gauge, ...)41@Componentpublic class FooService {final Timer timer;public FooService(MeterRegistry registry) {this.timer = Timer.builder("foo").register(registry);}public String foo() {return this.timer.record(() -> {// ...});}}Timer, Counter, Gauge, DistributionSummary, LongTaskTimer, FunctionCounter, FunctionTimer, and TimeGauge

@Timed42@Componentpublic class FooService {@Timed("foo")public String foo() {// ...}}@Beanpublic TimedAspect timedAspect(MeterRegistry registry) {return new TimedAspect(meterRegistry);} // Not auto-configured in Spring Boot 2.0https://github.com/micrometer-metrics/micrometer/issues/361

MeterFilter43@Beanpublic MeterFilter meterFilter() {return MeterFilter.deny(id -> {String uri = id.getTag("uri");return id != null && uri.startsWith("/actuator");});}Exclude metrics against Actuator endpoints

Add MeterBinders44@Beanpublic HystrixMetricsBinder hystrixMetricsBinder() {return new HystrixMetricsBinder();}@Beanpublic HibernateMetrics hibernateMetrics() {return new HibernateMetrics(...);}Check io.micrometer.core.instrument.binder packageSome binders are auto-configured https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.x/reference/html/production-ready-metrics.html#production-ready-metrics-meter

Enjoy Actuator & Micrometer!45Thank you for your attention!• https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.x/reference/html/production-ready.html• https://micrometer.io/docs• https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.0.x/reference/html/production-ready-metrics.html• https://blog.ik.am/entries/448• https://github.com/making/demo-micrometer

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