Movatterモバイル変換

Online and Social Media ManagementSanthosh N Basavarajappa04/04/20171

Online and Social Media ManagementSanthosh N Basavarajappa09/05/20172

Semantic WebWeb of DataGiant Global GraphData WebWeb 3.0Linked Data WebSemantic Data WebEnterprise Information WebTopic for discussion3

Structure for Discussion1.0 Evolution of the Web2.0 Web 1.0 and Web 2.03.0 Semantic Web4.0 Sematic Web building blocks5.0 Conclusion6.0 References4

Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee1.0 Evolution of the Web5

6 1.1 The first World wide Webhttp://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html Image Source : CERN

1.2 Web TechnologiesA global map showing the availability of the World Wide Web in the 2010s Image Source ; Wikipedia HTML – Hyper text markup Language HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol Web services Web Browsers7

2.0 Web 1.0 (Static web – One Way) Started a linking web pages and hyperlink on a world wide web Used as “ Information sharing portal" Dividing the world wide web into usable directories Concept was based on theme of “Put the content together” Everyone has their personal own little corner in the cyberspace Media companies put content in the web and pushes it to user. usingweb 1.0 Companies Like BBC,CNN able to get online.8

2.1 need for Web 2.0When we got a grip on the technical part, web became clearer and thenwe discover Power of Networks Power of Links Power of Collaboration Power of content and reach Power of Friends9

2.2 Web 2.0 ( Read / Write – Two Way)Its term used to describe a new generation of Web services and applications with anincreasing emphasis on human collaboration. It is a platform that gives users the possibility (liberty) to control theirdata. This is about user-generated content and the read-write web. People are consuming as well as contributing information throughblogs or sites like Facebook, YouTube, Blog….. etc.10

2.2.1 Technology behind Web 2.0Web2.0 still uses most of the technologies present behind internet such asXHTML standards,style sheets,content syndication,AJAX and flash etc.1) Content Syndication2) Ajax-based Internet Technology: A-Ja-X3) DOM: Document Object Model(DOM)4) REST: Representational State Transfer(REST)5) XML and CSS (Cascading Style Sheet)11

It has three parts:1) Rich Internet application (RIA)2) Web-oriented architecture (WOA)3) Social Web2.2.2 Concept of Web 2.0As such, Web 2.0 draws together the capabilities of client- and server-side software,content syndication and the use of network protocols.12

2.2.3 Vulnerabilities in Web 2.01) Cross Site Scripting2) Cross Site Request Forgery.3) SQL Injection.4) Authentication and Authorization Flaws.XSS WormsMashups5) Information Leakage.13

2.3.4 Example for a Search in Web• I am hungry• I want to Eat apple now• I want to know how much it cost?14

Conti… 3Lets see what Jarvis can do ??Source : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8yubRtNYnZQ18

 Not very intelligent, but how can a computer know what I mean? When we structurally describe that a apple is a fruit and Cost should be inEuro , Rewe is kind of Retail shop and country is Germany Describing data in a structured way can best be done in a database. Different databases can be connected.Conti… 419

 A database with Fruits A database with Cost / Currency A database with Retail Shops A database with Area /Region A database of CountyConti…20

3.0 Semantic Web – What is about ?? 1969: paper Semantic Information Processing by Ross Quillial 1980s: CYC and WordNet mid- to late 1990s: Tim Berners-Lee coins the term Semantic Web Semantics = meaning (from Greek) Set of practices and standards Allowing machines to understand data Ease sharing and mixing data Extend the World Wide Web rather than replace it21

22 3.2 – 4 Levels of SemanticsAmazon

23 3.2 – 4 Levels of SemanticsBiological scientistsParent – child classificationWord relationship2.Taxonomy

24 3.2 – 4 Levels of Semantics3.Theasaurusa) Associativeb) Homographicc) Hierarchicald) EquivalenceRepresent using the diagram

26 3.2 – 4 Levels of Semantics4.OntologyExtended version of the taxonomymeaningful relationship betweenthe attributes and the termsFood Items - EdibleFruitsApple* Bio* Type A..etcBanana

3.1 Web 3.0 ( Read / Write – Intelligent)Semantic Web It is a Web of data. changing the web into a language that can be read and categorized bythe system rather then humans.Artificial Intelligence Extracting meaning from the way people interact with the web.27Semantic systems are designed to capture the logic that will allow them tounderstand these types of relationships within data and use them to createnew facts about the data.

1. URL is a type of URI2. The part that makes a URI a URL is the inclusion of the“access mechanism”, or “network location”,e.g. http:// or ftp://.3. The URN is the “globally unique” part of the identification; it’sa unique name.4.1 URL , URN and URI …29

30Example4.1 URL , URN and URI … Conti…

HOW DO MACHINES KNOW WHAT DATA ?Identity + Definition + Structure4.2 Resource Description FrameworkData – Is the set of informationMetadata – is "data [information] that providesinformation about other data"31

IDENTITY + DEFINITION + STRUCTURE Machines need a unique, consistent way to identify a thing or concept. People can usually tell by context, but a machine needs a unique identifier tobe able to make connections or distinctions.Examples : Standard identifiersISBN : International Standard Book NumberISMN: MusicISAN : Audiovisual worksConti…32

Define classifications, properties, relationships, and logicBlackberry1 is a type of FruitA Fruit is an Edible ThingBlackberry2 is a type of Wireless E-mail DeviceA Wireless E-mail Device is a Mobile Electronic DeviceProperties of Edible Things:Seasonal –Yes/NoCalories –#Ingredients (optional) –other Edible ThingsA Mobile Electronic Device can never be an Edible ThingIDENTITY + DEFINITION + STRUCTUREConti…33

MicroFormats–uses XHTML & HTML markup to embed meaning in a webpagehCard for contact information hCalendar for eventsThis presentation was givenon 2017-04-04at the Cologne Business Schoolin Cologne, Germany.Machine Tags (folksonomy) –definition added to simple user taggingflora:tree=coniferousupcoming:event=81334IDENTITY + DEFINITION + STRUCTUREConti…34

A simple data model for –Formally describing the semantics of information in a machine accessible way– representing meta-data (data about data)• A set of representation syntaxes– XML (standard) but also N3, Turtle, …• Building blocks–Resources (with unique identifiers)– Literals– Named relations between pairs of resources(or a resource and a literal)A language for representing information about resources in the WorldWide Web”4.3 Resource Description Framework35

36 4.2 Resource Description FrameworkImage Source ; Article : Semantic Web and Linked Data

doc.html has for author Fabienand has for theme Musicdoc.html has for author Fabiendoc.html has for theme Music( doc.html, author ,Fabien)( doc.html, theme ,Music )37 4.2 Resource Description Framework

<rdf:RDFxmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#”xmlns:inria="http://inria.fr/schema#" ><rdf:Descriptionrdf:about="http://inria.fr/rr/doc.html"><inria:authorrdf:resource="http://ns.inria.fr/fabien.gandon#me"/><inria:theme>Music</inria:theme></rdf:Description></rdf:RDF>Conti…38

39 4.2 Resource Description FrameworkExample

40Metadata – in XML4.2 Resource Description Framework

41 4.2 Resource Description Framework

• Simple but expressive data model• Global identifiers of all resources (URIs)– Reduces ambiguity• Easier incremental data integration– Can handle incomplete information (Open World Assumption)• Schema agility• Graph structure– Suitable for a large class of tasks– Data merging is easier42 4.3 RDF - Advantages

4.4 SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query LanguageSQL-like query language for RDF data• Simple protocol for querying remote databases overHTTP• Query types– select – projections of variables and expressions– construct – create triples (or graphs)– ask – whether a query returns results (result istrue/false)– describe – describe resources in the graph43

• List of namespace prefixes– PREFIX xyz: <URI>• List of variables– ?x, $y• Graph patterns + filters– Simple / group / alternative / optional• Modifiers– ORDER BY, DISTINCT, OFFSET/LIMIT4.4.1 Anatomy of a SPARQL query44

RDF Schema (RDFS)• RDFS provides means for:– Defining Classes and Properties– Defining hierarchies (of classes and properties)• RDFS differs from XML Schema (XSD)– Open World Assumption vs. Closed WorldAssumption– RDFS is about describing resources, not aboutvalidation• Entailment rules (axioms)– Infer new triples from existing ones4.5 RDF Schema (RDFS)45

4.6 Web Ontology Language (OWL)• More expressive than RDFS– Identity equivalence/differencesameAs, different From, equivalentClass/Property• More expressive class definitions– Class intersection, union, complement,disjointness– Cardinality restrictions46

4.6 Rule Interchange Format (RIF)Goals– Define a framework for rule languages for theSemantic Web• If <condition> then <conclusion>– Define a standard format/syntax forinterchanging rules47

5.0 Web 1.0 , Web 2.0 and Web 3.048

5.1 Web evaluation – Snapshot49Source : Radar Networks and Nova Spivack 2007 www.networks.com

Movatterモバイル変換

Change Language

Semantic web Santhosh N Basavarajappa

Embed presentation

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

Similar to Semantic web Santhosh N Basavarajappa

Recently uploaded

Semantic web Santhosh N Basavarajappa