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AUTOMATED HARDWARE TESTINGAUTOMATED HARDWARE TESTINGUSING PYTHONUSING PYTHON1Name : YUVARAJA RAVIReg No : 13PEES1005course : M.TECH EMBEDDED

2NAME : YUVARAJA.RREGISTER NUMBER : 13PEES1005LANGUAGE : EMBEDDED C & PYTHONPROJECT INCHARGE : K.Bhaskar B.Tech., M.E.(Ph.D)

ABSTRACTABSTRACTDesign a Embedded Prototype test hardwareinteract with Python software shows presenceof defects in UUT. Python test script candownload the test cases to the target systemone by one, receive test output, compare withspecifications then verify it, and generate logfiles. Log files inside test steps results arestored as PASS/FAIL.It’s a cost effective test system for SSElectronic hardware manufacturers3

TESTINGTESTINGTesting is an organized process to verifythe behavior, performance, and reliabilityof a deviceIt ensures a device or system to be asdefect-free as possibleTesting is a manufacturing step to ensurethat the manufactured device is defectfree4

HARDWARE TESTINGHARDWARE TESTING A common test platform (CTP), also called an open teststandard (OTS), is a set of specifications defining test methodsfor diverse components of computer and electronic systemsto be marketed as complete products. The intent of a CTP isto ensure consistency in hardware and software testprocedures from the conceptual and design phases throughmanufacture and distribution. Computers, computer peripherals and electronic systemsoften contain complex devices, circuits, programs andinterfaces. These must all work together in a variety ofapplications and conditions. A CTP can be part of an overallquality assurance program. A common standard can reducethe cost of test equipment, optimize the use of available testequipment, increase production efficiency and minimizetraining costs.5

EXISTING SYSTEMEXISTING SYSTEM Testing is carried out manually by test engineers.Consuming a lot of time and effort huge for spendingthe time for testing. NI Lab View designing a ATE .But measurements aretaken by reputed instruments or NI PXI only PXI HW and its software is huge amount. Certified engineer only able to access the software Add-on software needed for Test case and Reportgeneration .6

PROPOSED SYSTEMPROPOSED SYSTEM To overcome the existing problem, we construct Embeddedhardware test module to measure the Resistance test applied to signal traces (short/open) Voltage /current measure with help of analog pins. IO pins used to trigger the on/off or control the hw. Protocols testing are done by the test hardware. Tested data packets serially communicated to the Python scritps Python scripts collect the complied data's then compare with testcase input and generate the test reports..7

PROJECT – ENTIRE SYSTEMPROJECT – ENTIRE SYSTEM8SERIAL INTERFACE

EMBEDDED TEST HW DESIGNEMBEDDED TEST HW DESIGN Atmega 8-bit AVR controller used for Embedded TestHardware system. Necessity to test the every protocols chips, Analog andDigital IC. Current, Voltage and Resistance measurements using 10bitADC I2C >> | TEMP | EEPROM | SENSORS | DEVICES | UART >> RS232 << RS485 >> 75176-IC << RS422 >> 75176-IC <<9

HW DESIGN – VOLTAGE ,CURRENT &HW DESIGN – VOLTAGE ,CURRENT &RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTRESISTANCE MEASUREMENTVoltage measured by using AVRController 10bit ADCCurrent measurement taken by ACS712Current sensor IC.Constant current probing to the voltagenet through voltage divider circuit.Impedance measured by the ADC.10

HW DESIGN – PROTOCOLS TESTING-I2CHW DESIGN – PROTOCOLS TESTING-I2C I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit, pronounced "I squaredC") is also a synchronous protocol.I2C uses only 2wires, one for the clock (SCL) and one for the data(SDA). That means that master and slave send dataover the same wire, again controlled by the master.11

HW DESIGN – PROTOCOLSHW DESIGN – PROTOCOLSTESTING-UART / SERIALTESTING-UART / SERIAL Serial communication is the process of sending dataone bit one by one sequentially, over acommunication channel. UART communication of Full duplex TX and RXcommunication through the COM devices.12

HW DESIGN – PROTOCOLSHW DESIGN – PROTOCOLSTESTING – RS485TESTING – RS485 RS-485 allows multiple devices (up to 32) tocommunicate at half-duplex on a single pair ofwires, plus a ground wire (more on that later),at distances up to 1200 meters (4000 feet) RS485 Differential communication through A <-> B Signal lines.13

HW DESIGN – PROTOCOLSHW DESIGN – PROTOCOLSTESTING – RS422TESTING – RS422 Serial, balanced and differential are the keywords for the RS422interface standard. Serial means, that the information is sent bit bybit on a single transmission line, just like with RS232. Balanceddifferential is what makes RS422 different from RS23214

SW Design - PYTHONSW Design - PYTHONPython is a clear and powerful object-oriented programming language,comparable to Perl, Tcl and Java.It’s a FOSS Programming language.Runs on many different computers andoperating systems: Windows, MacOS,many brands of Unix, OS/2Python Code can be grouped intomodules and packages15

SOFTWARE DESIGN - PYTHONSOFTWARE DESIGN - PYTHONAn open source software used to Automatethe Hardware TestingUNITTEST module supports test automation,sharing of setup and shutdown code for tests,aggregation of tests into collections, andindependence of the tests from the reportingframework.AUTOMATED HARDWARE TESTING 16

UNIT TEST MODULE CONCEPTSUNIT TEST MODULE CONCEPTS Test Fixture : It represents the preparation needed to perform oneor more tests, and any associate cleanup actions. This may involve,for example, creating temporary or proxy databases, directories, orstarting a server process. Test Case: is the smallest unit of testing. It checks for a specificresponse to a particular set of inputs. Unit test provides a baseclass, Test Case which may be used to create new test cases. Test Suite: Test suite is a collection of test cases, test suites, orboth. It is used to aggregate tests that should be executed together. Test Plan: Test plan is a document detailing the objectives, targetmarket, internal beta team, and processes for a specific beta test fora software or hardware product. The plan typically contains adetailed understanding of the eventual workflow.AUTOMATED HARDWARE TESTING 17

SW –Development FlowSW –Development FlowAUTOMATED HARDWARE TESTING 18

Requirements & Test CaseRequirements & Test CaseRelationshipRelationshipAUTOMATED HARDWARE TESTING 19

UUT Code SampleUUT Code SampleDef ScaledInput(data):rc = NO_ERRscaled_data = dataif data >= DATA_MIN and data <= DATA_MAX:scaled_data = (data * data_scale) + data_offsetif scaled_data > SCALE_MAX:scaled_data = SCALE_MAXrc = ERR_MAXSCALEelif scaled_data < SCALE_MIN:scaled_data = SCALE_MINrc = ERR_MINSCALEelse:rc = ERR_OVERreturn (rc, scaled_data)AUTOMATED HARDWARE TESTING 20Function code getting one input argumentFunction Returning two o/p values

Function with argument code tableFunction with argument code tableAUTOMATED HARDWARE TESTING 21A unit test is constructed such that all possibleinputs are used to force the execution to traverseall possible paths. In the case of ScaledInput(), wecan see that there are three obvious input testcases. Too low,Too high,Within range.

Test Case Function Flow chartTest Case Function Flow chartAUTOMATED HARDWARE TESTING 22

Test Step Flow ChartTest Step Flow ChartAUTOMATED HARDWARE TESTING 23

PYTHON SCRIPTPYTHON SCRIPTTEST CASETEST CASEEach automatic test casecontains assigned Pythonscript that is executed byExecutor application. Figurepresents general flow chartfor writing automatic scripts forfunctional testing.24

PYTHON TEST RESULTPYTHON TEST RESULT25

ADVANTAGESADVANTAGESBoards, components and interface cableseparately tested in modes of test case.Manual testing has been reducedLocating the Hardware(components) andsoftware bugs using test reports.Low Cost (Pursuing software’s are Opensource)Reduced human efforts26

DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGESEmbedded controllers are single task at ainstant. So measuring data goes to the pcwith delay. Output data packets comparedwith test case help of Python Script. Soreport generating time taken more.27

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION Automatic hardware testing using Python is a ATEtechnique to increase throughput without acorresponding increase in cost, by performing tests onprotocols are handling and test without error. It hasbeen shown quantitatively to reduce test cost moreeffectively than low-cost ATE. Because it reduces alltest cost contributors, and not only capital cost of ATE. In this paper, we described the AHT using pythonstrategy adopted for hardware testing and protocolstesting without measuring instruments .28

FUTURE ENHANCEMENTFUTURE ENHANCEMENTIn this project in future we can add aFPGA or CPLD used to get the datapackets at instant of time without delay.Parallel Testing method introduces totest the multiple boards at same instanttime.29

BASE PAPERSBASE PAPERS [1] Jambunatha, K .,Design and implement Automated Procedure to upgraderemote network devices using Python, Advance Computing Conference (IACC),2015 IEEE International, Bangalore, June 2015. [2] Karmore, S.P.; Mabajan, A.R., Universal methodology for embedded systemtesting., Computer Science & Education (ICCSE), 2013 8th International Conferenceon Year: 2013,IEEE Conference Publications, 26-28 April 2013 [3] Kovacevic, M.; Kovacevic, B.; Pekovic, V.; Stefanovic, D., Framework forautomatic testing of Set-top boxes., Telecommunications Forum Telfor (TELFOR),22ndYear: 2014 [4] Kim H. Pries, Jon M. Quigley-Testing Complex and Embedded Systems-CRCPress (2010) [5] Python Programming Language, URL http://python.org/.30

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