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PROPOSED STANDARD
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)                          M. JonesRequest for Comments: 6408                           Bridgewater SystemsUpdates:3588                                                J. KorhonenCategory: Standards Track                         Nokia Siemens NetworksISSN: 2070-1721                                                L. Morand                                                             Orange Labs                                                           November 2011Diameter Straightforward-Naming Authority Pointer (S-NAPTR) UsageAbstract   The Diameter base protocol specifies mechanisms whereby a given realm   may advertise Diameter nodes and the supported transport protocol.   However, these mechanisms do not reveal the Diameter applications   that each node supports.  A peer outside the realm would have to   perform a Diameter capability exchange with every node until it   discovers one that supports the required application.  This document   updatesRFC 3588, "Diameter Base Protocol", and describes an   improvement using an extended format for the Straightforward-Naming   Authority Pointer (S-NAPTR) application service tag that allows for   discovery of the supported applications without doing Diameter   capability exchange beforehand.Status of This Memo   This is an Internet Standards Track document.   This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force   (IETF).  It represents the consensus of the IETF community.  It has   received public review and has been approved for publication by the   Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG).  Further information on   Internet Standards is available inSection 2 of RFC 5741.   Information about the current status of this document, any errata,   and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained athttp://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6408.Jones, et al.                Standards Track                    [Page 1]

RFC 6408                 Diameter S-NAPTR Usage            November 2011Copyright Notice   Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the   document authors.  All rights reserved.   This document is subject toBCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal   Provisions Relating to IETF Documents   (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of   publication of this document.  Please review these documents   carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect   to this document.  Code Components extracted from this document must   include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of   the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as   described in the Simplified BSD License.Table of Contents1. Introduction ....................................................22. Terminology .....................................................32.1. Requirements Language ......................................33. Extended NAPTR Service Field Format .............................33.1. IETF Standards Track Diameter Applications .................53.2. Vendor-Specific Diameter Applications ......................54. Backwards Compatibility .........................................55. Extended NAPTR-Based Diameter Peer Discovery ....................65.1. Examples ...................................................76. Usage Guidelines ................................................87. IANA Considerations .............................................97.1. IETF Diameter Application Service Tags .....................97.2. 3GPP Diameter Application Service Tags .....................97.3. WiMAX Forum Diameter Application Service Tags .............107.4. Vendor-Specific Diameter Application Service Tags .........107.5. Diameter Application Protocol Tags ........................118. Security Considerations ........................................119. Acknowledgments ................................................1110. References ....................................................1210.1. Normative References .....................................1210.2. Informative References ...................................141.  Introduction   The Diameter base protocol [RFC3588] specifies three mechanisms for   Diameter peer discovery.  One of these involves the Diameter   implementation performing a Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) query   [RFC3403] for a server in a particular realm.  These NAPTR recordsJones, et al.                Standards Track                    [Page 2]

RFC 6408                 Diameter S-NAPTR Usage            November 2011   provide a mapping from a domain to the DNS Service Locator (SRV)   record [RFC2782] or A/AAAA record [RFC1035] [RFC3596] for contacting   a server with the specific transport protocol in the NAPTR services   field.   The extended NAPTR usage for Diameter peer discovery defined by this   document is based on the Straightforward-NAPTR (S-NAPTR) Dynamic   Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) application defined in [RFC3958].   This document updates the Diameter peer discovery procedure described   inSection 5.2 of [RFC3588] and defines S-NAPTR application service   and application protocol tag values that permit the discovery of   Diameter peers that support a specific Diameter application and   transport protocol.2.  Terminology   The Diameter base protocol specification (Section 1.3 of [RFC3588])   and the Straightforward-NAPTR (S-NAPTR) DDDS application (Section 2.1   of [RFC3958]) define the terminology used in this document.2.1.  Requirements Language   The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",   "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this   document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119].3.  Extended NAPTR Service Field Format   The NAPTR service field format defined by the S-NAPTR DDDS   application in [RFC3958] follows this Augmented Backus-Naur Form   (ABNF) [RFC5234]:       service-parms = [ [app-service] *(":" app-protocol)]       app-service   = experimental-service  / iana-registered-service       app-protocol  = experimental-protocol / iana-registered-protocol       experimental-service      = "x-" 1*30ALPHANUMSYM       experimental-protocol     = "x-" 1*30ALPHANUMSYM       iana-registered-service   = ALPHA *31ALPHANUMSYM       iana-registered-protocol  = ALPHA *31ALPHANUMSYM       ALPHA         =  %x41-5A / %x61-7A   ; A-Z / a-z       DIGIT         =  %x30-39 ; 0-9       SYM           =  %x2B / %x2D / %x2E  ; "+" / "-" / "."       ALPHANUMSYM   =  ALPHA / DIGIT / SYM       ; The app-service and app-protocol tags are limited to 32       ; characters and must start with an alphabetic character.       ; The service-parms are considered case-insensitive.Jones, et al.                Standards Track                    [Page 3]

RFC 6408                 Diameter S-NAPTR Usage            November 2011   This specification refines the "iana-registered-service" tag   definition for the discovery of Diameter agents supporting a specific   Diameter application as defined below.       iana-registered-service =/ aaa-service       aaa-service             = "aaa+ap" appln-id       appln-id                = 1*10DIGIT                                 ; Application Identifier expressed as                                 ; a decimal integer without leading                                 ; zeros.   The appln-id element is the Application Identifier used to identify a   specific Diameter application.  The Diameter Application Identifier   is a 32-bit unsigned integer, and values are allocated by IANA as   defined in [RFC3588].   This specification also refines the "iana-registered-protocol" tag   definition for the discovery of Diameter agents supporting a specific   Diameter transport protocol as defined below.       iana-registered-protocol =/ aaa-protocol       aaa-protocol             = "diameter." aaa-transport       aaa-transport            = "tcp" / "sctp" / "tls.tcp"   The S-NAPTR application protocol tags defined by this specification   MUST NOT be parsed in any way by the querying application or   resolver.  The delimiter (".") is present in the tag to improve   readability and does not imply a structure or namespace of any kind.   The choice of delimiter (".") for the application protocol tag   follows the format of existing S-NAPTR application protocol tag   registry entries, but this does not imply that it shares semantics   with any other specifications that create registry entries with the   same format.   The S-NAPTR application service and application protocol tags defined   by this specification are unrelated to the IANA "Service Name and   Transport Protocol Port Number Registry" (see [RFC6335]).   The maximum length of the NAPTR service field is 256 octets,   including a one-octet length field (seeSection 4.1 of [RFC3403] andSection 3.3 of [RFC1035]).Jones, et al.                Standards Track                    [Page 4]

RFC 6408                 Diameter S-NAPTR Usage            November 20113.1.  IETF Standards Track Diameter Applications   A Diameter agent MUST be capable of using the extended S-NAPTR   application service tag for dynamic discovery of a Diameter agent   supporting Standards Track applications.  Therefore, every IETF   Standards Track Diameter application MUST be associated with a   "aaa-service" tag formatted as defined in this specification and   allocated in accordance with IANA policy (seeSection 7).   For example, a NAPTR service field value of:      'aaa+ap6:diameter.sctp'   means that the Diameter node in the SRV or A/AAAA record supports the   Diameter Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) application ('6') and the   Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) as the transport   protocol.3.2.  Vendor-Specific Diameter Applications   S-NAPTR application service and application protocol tag values can   also be used to discover Diameter peers that support a vendor-   specific Diameter application.  In this case, the vendor-specific   Diameter application MUST be associated with a "aaa-service" tag   formatted as defined in this specification and allocated in   accordance with IANA policy (seeSection 7).   For example, a NAPTR service field value of:      'aaa+ap16777251:diameter.sctp'   means that the Diameter node in the SRV or A/AAAA record supports the   Diameter Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) S6a application   ('16777251') and SCTP as the transport protocol.4.  Backwards Compatibility   Domain Name System (DNS) administrators SHOULD also provision legacy   NAPTR records [RFC3403] in theRFC 3588 style in order to guarantee   backwards compatibility with legacy Diameter peers that areRFC 3588   compliant.  If the DNS administrator provisions both extended S-NAPTR   records as defined in this specification and legacyRFC 3588 NAPTR   records, then the extended S-NAPTR records MUST have higher priority   (e.g., lower order and/or preference values) than legacy NAPTR   records.Jones, et al.                Standards Track                    [Page 5]

RFC 6408                 Diameter S-NAPTR Usage            November 20115.  Extended NAPTR-Based Diameter Peer Discovery   The Diameter Peer Discovery principles are described inSection 5.2   of [RFC3588].  This specification updates the NAPTR query procedure   in the Diameter peer discovery mechanism by allowing the querying   node to determine which applications are supported by resolved   Diameter peers.   The extended-format NAPTR records provide a mapping from a domain to   the SRV record or A/AAAA record for contacting a server supporting a   specific transport protocol and Diameter application.  The resource   record will contain an empty regular expression and a replacement   value, which is the SRV record or the A/AAAA record for that   particular transport protocol.   The assumption for this mechanism to work is that the DNS   administrator of the queried domain has first provisioned the DNS   with extended-format NAPTR entries.  The steps below replace the   NAPTR query procedure steps inSection 5.2 of [RFC3588].   a. The Diameter implementation performs a NAPTR query for a server in      a particular realm.  The Diameter implementation has to know in      advance in which realm to look for a Diameter agent, and in which      Application Identifier it is interested.  For example, the realm      could be deduced from the Network Access Identifier (NAI) in the      User-Name attribute-value pair (AVP) or extracted from the      Destination-Realm AVP.   b. If the returned NAPTR service fields contain entries formatted as      "aaa+apX:Y" where "X" indicates the Application Identifier and "Y"      indicates the supported transport protocol(s), the target realm      supports the extended format for NAPTR-based Diameter peer      discovery defined in this document.         If "X" contains the required Application Identifier and "Y"         matches a supported transport protocol, the Diameter         implementation resolves the "replacement" field entry to a         target host using the lookup method appropriate for the "flags"         field.         If "X" does not contain the required Application Identifier or         "Y" does not match a supported transport protocol, the Diameter         implementation abandons the peer discovery.Jones, et al.                Standards Track                    [Page 6]

RFC 6408                 Diameter S-NAPTR Usage            November 2011   c. If the returned NAPTR service fields contain entries formatted as      "aaa+apX" where "X" indicates the Application Identifier, the      target realm supports the extended format for NAPTR-based Diameter      peer discovery defined in this document.         If "X" contains the required Application Identifier, the         Diameter implementation resolves the "replacement" field entry         to a target host using the lookup method appropriate for the         "flags" field and attempts to connect using all supported         transport protocols following the order specified inSection 2.1 of [RFC3588].         If "X" does not contain the required Application Identifier,         the Diameter implementation abandons the peer discovery.   d. If the returned NAPTR service fields contain entries formatted as      "aaa:X" where "X" indicates the supported transport protocol(s),      the target realm supports Diameter but does not support the      extended format for NAPTR-based Diameter peer discovery defined in      this document.         If "X" matches a supported transport protocol, the Diameter         implementation resolves the "replacement" field entry to a         target host using the lookup method appropriate for the "flags"         field.   e. If the returned NAPTR service fields contain entries formatted as      "aaa", the target realm supports Diameter but does not support the      extended format for NAPTR-based Diameter peer discovery defined in      this document.  The Diameter implementation resolves the      "replacement" field entry to a target host using the lookup method      appropriate for the "flags" field and attempts to connect using      all supported transport protocols following the order specified inSection 2.1 of [RFC3588].   f. If the target realm does not support NAPTR-based Diameter peer      discovery, the client proceeds with the next peer discovery      mechanism described inSection 5.2 of [RFC3588].5.1.  Examples   As an example, consider a client that wishes to discover a Diameter   server in the ex1.example.com realm that supports the Credit Control   application.  The client performs a NAPTR query for that domain, and   the following NAPTR records are returned:Jones, et al.                Standards Track                    [Page 7]

RFC 6408                 Diameter S-NAPTR Usage            November 2011       ;;        order pref flags service   regexp replacement       IN NAPTR  50    50   "s"   "aaa:diameter.sctp" ""                    _diameter._sctp.ex1.example.com       IN NAPTR  50    50   "s"   "aaa+ap1:diameter.sctp" ""                    _diameter._sctp.ex1.example.com       IN NAPTR  50    50   "s"   "aaa+ap4:diameter.sctp" ""                    _diameter._sctp.ex1.example.com   This indicates that the server supports NASREQ (ID=1) and Credit   Control (ID=4) applications over SCTP.  If the client supports SCTP,   it will be used, targeted to a host determined by an SRV lookup of   _diameter._sctp.ex1.example.com.   That SRV lookup would return:       ;;       Priority  Weight  Port    Target       IN SRV   0         1       3868    server1.ex1.example.com       IN SRV   0         2       3868    server2.ex1.example.com   As an alternative example, a client wishes to discover a Diameter   server in the ex2.example.com realm that supports the NASREQ   application over SCTP.  The client performs a NAPTR query for that   domain, and the following NAPTR records are returned:       ;;        order pref flags service   regexp replacement       IN NAPTR  150   50   "a"   "aaa:diameter.sctp"  ""                    server1.ex2.example.com       IN NAPTR  150   50   "a"   "aaa:diameter.tls.tcp"  ""                    server2.ex2.example.com       IN NAPTR  150   50   "a"   "aaa+ap1:diameter.sctp"  ""                    server1.ex2.example.com       IN NAPTR  150   50   "a"   "aaa+ap1:diameter.tls.tcp"  ""                    server2.ex2.example.com   This indicates that the server supports NASREQ (ID=1) over SCTP and   Transport Layer Security (TLS)/TCP via hosts server1.ex2.example.com   and server2.ex2.example.com, respectively.6.  Usage Guidelines   Diameter is a peer-to-peer protocol, whereas most of the applications   that extend the base protocol behave like client/server applications.   The role of the peer is not advertised in the NAPTR tags and not even   communicated during Diameter capability negotiation   (Capabilities-Exchange-Request and Capabilities-Exchange-Answer   message exchange).  For this reason, NAPTR-based Diameter peer   discovery for an application defining client/server roles should only   be used by a client to discover servers.Jones, et al.                Standards Track                    [Page 8]

RFC 6408                 Diameter S-NAPTR Usage            November 20117.  IANA Considerations7.1.  IETF Diameter Application Service Tags   IANA has reserved a value of "aaa" for Diameter in the "(S-NAPTR)   Application Service Tag" registry created by [RFC3958].  IANA has   also reserved the following S-NAPTR application service tags for   existing IETF Diameter applications in the same registry.             +------------------+----------------------------+             | Tag              | Diameter Application       |             +------------------+----------------------------+             | aaa+ap1          | NASREQ [RFC3588]           |             | aaa+ap2          | Mobile IPv4 [RFC4004]      |             | aaa+ap3          | Base Accounting [RFC3588]  |             | aaa+ap4          | Credit Control [RFC4006]   |             | aaa+ap5          | EAP [RFC4072]              |             | aaa+ap6          | SIP [RFC4740]              |             | aaa+ap7          | Mobile IPv6 IKE [RFC5778]  |             | aaa+ap8          | Mobile IPv6 Auth [RFC5778] |             | aaa+ap9          | QoS [RFC5866]              |             | aaa+ap4294967295 | Relay [RFC3588]            |             +------------------+----------------------------+   Future IETF Diameter applications MUST reserve the S-NAPTR   application service tag corresponding to the allocated Diameter   Application ID as defined inSection 3.7.2.  3GPP Diameter Application Service Tags   IANA has reserved the following S-NAPTR application service tags for   existing 3GPP Diameter applications in the "S-NAPTR Application   Service Tag" registry created by [RFC3958].                 +----------------+----------------------+                 | Tag            | Diameter Application |                 +----------------+----------------------+                 | aaa+ap16777250 | 3GPP STa [TS29.273]  |                 | aaa+ap16777251 | 3GPP S6a [TS29.272]  |                 | aaa+ap16777264 | 3GPP SWm [TS29.273]  |                 | aaa+ap16777267 | 3GPP S9 [TS29.215]   |                 +----------------+----------------------+   Future 3GPP Diameter applications can reserve entries in the "S-NAPTR   Application Service Tag" registry created by [RFC3958] that   correspond to the allocated Diameter Application IDs as defined inSection 3.Jones, et al.                Standards Track                    [Page 9]

RFC 6408                 Diameter S-NAPTR Usage            November 20117.3.  WiMAX Forum Diameter Application Service Tags   IANA has reserved the following S-NAPTR application service tags for   existing Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)   Forum Diameter applications in the "S-NAPTR Application Service Tag"   registry created by [RFC3958].   +----------------+--------------------------------------------------+   | Tag            | Diameter Application                             |   +----------------+--------------------------------------------------+   | aaa+ap16777281 | WiMAX Network Access Authentication and          |   |                | Authorization Diameter Application (WNAAADA)     |   |                | [WiMAX-BASE]                                     |   | aaa+ap16777282 | WiMAX Network Accounting Diameter Application    |   |                | (WNADA) [WiMAX-BASE]                             |   | aaa+ap16777283 | WiMAX MIP4 Diameter Application (WM4DA)          |   |                | [WiMAX-BASE]                                     |   | aaa+ap16777284 | WiMAX MIP6 Diameter Application (WM6DA)          |   |                | [WiMAX-BASE]                                     |   | aaa+ap16777285 | WiMAX DHCP Diameter Application (WDDA)           |   |                | [WiMAX-BASE]                                     |   | aaa+ap16777286 | WiMAX Location Authentication Authorization      |   |                | Diameter Application (WLAADA) [WiMAX-LBS]        |   | aaa+ap16777287 | WiMAX Policy and Charging Control R3 Policies    |   |                | Diameter Application (WiMAX PCC-R3-P)            |   |                | [WiMAX-PCC]                                      |   | aaa+ap16777288 | WiMAX Policy and Charging Control R3 Offline     |   |                | Charging Diameter Application (WiMAX PCC-R3-OFC) |   |                | [WiMAX-PCC]                                      |   | aaa+ap16777289 | WiMAX Policy and Charging Control R3 Offline     |   |                | Charging Prime Diameter Application (WiMAX       |   |                | PCC-R3-OFC-PRIME) [WiMAX-PCC]                    |   | aaa+ap16777290 | WiMAX Policy and Charging Control R3 Online      |   |                | Charging Diameter Application (WiMAX PCC-R3-OC)  |   |                | [WiMAX-PCC]                                      |   +----------------+--------------------------------------------------+   Future WiMAX Forum Diameter applications can reserve entries in the   "S-NAPTR Application Service Tag" registry created by [RFC3958] that   correspond to the allocated Diameter Application IDs as defined inSection 3.7.4.  Vendor-Specific Diameter Application Service Tags   Vendor-Specific Diameter Application IDs are allocated by IANA   according to the "First Come First Served" policy and do not require   an IETF specification.  However, the S-NAPTR application service tag   registry created by [RFC3958] defines a registration policy ofJones, et al.                Standards Track                   [Page 10]

RFC 6408                 Diameter S-NAPTR Usage            November 2011   "Specification Required" with a further stipulation that the   "specification" is an RFC (of any category).  If a vendor-specific   Diameter application requires the functionality defined in this   document, an RFC of any category MUST be published that reserves the   S-NAPTR Application Service Tag corresponding to the Vendor-Specific   Diameter Application ID as defined inSection 3.7.5.  Diameter Application Protocol Tags   IANA has reserved the following S-NAPTR Application Protocol Tags for   the Diameter transport protocols in the "S-NAPTR Application Protocol   Tag" registry created by [RFC3958].                      +------------------+----------+                      | Tag              | Protocol |                      +------------------+----------+                      | diameter.tcp     | TCP      |                      | diameter.sctp    | SCTP     |                      | diameter.tls.tcp | TLS/TCP  |                      +------------------+----------+   Future Diameter versions that introduce new transport protocols MUST   reserve an appropriate S-NAPTR Application Protocol Tag in the   "S-NAPTR Application Protocol Tag" registry created by [RFC3958].8.  Security Considerations   This document specifies an enhancement to the NAPTR service field   format defined inRFC 3588 and also modifications to the NAPTR   processing logic defined inRFC 3588.  The enhancement and   modifications are based on the S-NAPTR, which is actually a   simplification of the NAPTR, and therefore the same security   considerations described inRFC 3588 [RFC3588] are applicable to this   document.  No further extensions are required beyond the security   mechanisms offered byRFC 3588.  However, a malicious host doing   S-NAPTR queries learns applications supported by Diameter agents in a   certain realm faster, which might help the malicious host to scan   potential targets for an attack more efficiently when some   applications have known vulnerabilities.9.  Acknowledgments   We would like to thank Glen Zorn, Avi Lior, Itsuma Tanaka, Sebastien   Decugis, Dan Romascanu, Adrian Farrel, David Harrington, Pete   Resnick, Robert Sparks, Stephen Farrell, Wesley Eddy, Ralph Droms,   and Joe Touch for their comprehensive review comments.Jones, et al.                Standards Track                   [Page 11]

RFC 6408                 Diameter S-NAPTR Usage            November 201110.  References10.1.  Normative References   [RFC1035]    Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and                specification", STD 13,RFC 1035, November 1987.   [RFC2119]    Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate                Requirement Levels",BCP 14,RFC 2119, March 1997.   [RFC2782]    Gulbrandsen, A., Vixie, P., and L. Esibov, "A DNS RR for                specifying the location of services (DNS SRV)",RFC 2782, February 2000.   [RFC3403]    Mealling, M., "Dynamic Delegation Discovery System                (DDDS) Part Three: The Domain Name System (DNS)                Database",RFC 3403, October 2002.   [RFC3588]    Calhoun, P., Loughney, J., Guttman, E., Zorn, G., and J.                Arkko, "Diameter Base Protocol",RFC 3588,                September 2003.   [RFC3596]    Thomson, S., Huitema, C., Ksinant, V., and M. Souissi,                "DNS Extensions to Support IP Version 6",RFC 3596,                October 2003.   [RFC3958]    Daigle, L. and A. Newton, "Domain-Based Application                Service Location Using SRV RRs and the Dynamic                Delegation Discovery Service (DDDS)",RFC 3958,                January 2005.   [RFC4004]    Calhoun, P., Johansson, T., Perkins, C., Hiller, T.,                Ed., and P. McCann, "Diameter Mobile IPv4 Application",RFC 4004, August 2005.   [RFC4006]    Hakala, H., Mattila, L., Koskinen, J-P., Stura, M., and                J.  Loughney, "Diameter Credit-Control Application",RFC 4006, August 2005.   [RFC4072]    Eronen, P., Ed., Hiller, T., and G. Zorn, "Diameter                Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) Application",RFC 4072, August 2005.   [RFC4740]    Garcia-Martin, M., Ed., Belinchon, M., Pallares-Lopez,                M., Canales-Valenzuela, C., and K. Tammi, "Diameter                Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Application",RFC 4740, November 2006.Jones, et al.                Standards Track                   [Page 12]

RFC 6408                 Diameter S-NAPTR Usage            November 2011   [RFC5234]    Crocker, D., Ed., and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for                Syntax Specifications: ABNF", STD 68,RFC 5234,                January 2008.   [RFC5778]    Korhonen, J., Ed., Tschofenig, H., Bournelle, J.,                Giaretta, G., and M. Nakhjiri, "Diameter Mobile IPv6:                Support for Home Agent to Diameter Server Interaction",RFC 5778, February 2010.   [RFC5866]    Sun, D., Ed., McCann, P., Tschofenig, H., Tsou, T.,                Doria, A., and G. Zorn, Ed., "Diameter                Quality-of-Service Application",RFC 5866, May 2010.   [TS29.215]   3rd Generation Partnership Project, "3GPP TS 29.215;                Technical Specification Group Core Network and                Terminals; Policy and Charging Control (PCC) over S9                reference point; Stage 3 (Release 8)",                <http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/29215.htm>.   [TS29.272]   3rd Generation Partnership Project, "3GPP TS 29.272;                Technical Specification Group Core Network and                Terminals; Evolved Packet System (EPS); Mobility                Management Entity (MME) and Serving GPRS Support Node                (SGSN) Related Interfaces Based on Diameter Protocol                (Release 8)",                <http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/29272.htm>.   [TS29.273]   3rd Generation Partnership Project, "3GPP TS 29.273;                Technical Specification Group Core Network and                Terminals; Evolved Packet System (EPS); 3GPP EPS AAA                interfaces (Release 8)",                <http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/html-info/29273.htm>.   [WiMAX-BASE] WiMAX Forum, "WMF-T33-001-R015v02 - WiMAX Forum(R)                Network Architecture - Detailed Protocols and                Procedures, Base Specification - Release 1.5",                <http://www.wimaxforum.org/resources/documents/technical/T33>.   [WiMAX-LBS]  WiMAX Forum, "WMF-T33-110-R015v01 - WiMAX Forum(R)                Network Architecture - Protocols and Procedures for                Location Based Services - Release 1.5",                <http://www.wimaxforum.org/resources/documents/technical/T33>.Jones, et al.                Standards Track                   [Page 13]

RFC 6408                 Diameter S-NAPTR Usage            November 2011   [WiMAX-PCC]  WiMAX Forum, "WMF-T33-109-R015v02 - WiMAX Forum(R)                Network Architecture - Detailed Protocols and                Procedures, Policy and Charging Control - Release 1.5",                <http://www.wimaxforum.org/resources/documents/technical/T33>.10.2.  Informative References   [RFC6335]    Cotton, M., Eggert, L., Touch, J., Westerlund, M., and                S. Cheshire, "Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)                Procedures for the Management of the Service Name and                Transport Protocol Port Number Registry",BCP 165,RFC 6335, August 2011.Authors' Addresses   Mark Jones   Bridgewater Systems   EMail: mark@azu.ca   Jouni Korhonen   Nokia Siemens Networks   EMail: jouni.nospam@gmail.com   Lionel Morand   Orange Labs   EMail: lionel.morand@orange.comJones, et al.                Standards Track                   [Page 14]

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