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INFORMATIONAL
Network Working Group                                        J. ReynoldsRequest for Comments: 1199                                           ISI                                                           December 1991Request for Comments Summary                         RFC Numbers 1100-1199Status of This Memo   This RFC is a slightly annotated list of the 100 RFCs fromRFC 1100   through RFCs 1199.  This is a status report on these RFCs.  This memo   provides information for the Internet community.  It does not specify   an Internet standard.  Distribution of this memo is unlimited.Note   Many RFCs, but not all, are Proposed Standards, Draft Standards, or   Standards.  Since the status of these RFCs may change during the   standards processing, we note here only that they are on the   standards track.  Please see the latest edition of "IAB Official   Protocol Standards" for the current state and status of these RFCs.   In the following, RFCs on the standards track are marked [STANDARDS-   TRACK].RFC     Author       Date      Title---     ------       ----      -----1199    Reynolds   Dec 91   Requests For Comments SummaryThis memo.1198    Scheifler  Jan 91   FYI on the X Window SystemThis FYI RFC provides pointers to the published standards of the MIT XConsortium.  This memo provides information for the Internet community.It does not specify any Internet standard.1197    Sherman    Dec 90   Using ODA for Translating Multimedia                              InformationThe purpose of this RFC is to inform implementors of multimedia systemsabout our experiences using ISO 8613: Office Document Architecture(ODA).  Because ODA is being proposed as an encoding format for use inmultimedia mail and file exchange, implementors wishing to use ODA in anReynolds                                                        [Page 1]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 1991open systems environment may profit from our experiences.  This memoprovides information for the Internet community.  It does not specifyany standard.1196    Zimmerman  Dec 90   The Finger User Information ProtocolThis memo describes the Finger User Information Protocol.  This is asimple protocol which provides an interface to a remote user informationprogram.  Based onRFC 742, a description of the original Fingerprotocol, this memo attempts to clarify the expected communicationbetween the two ends of a Finger connection.  It also tries not toinvalidate the many existing implementations or add unnecessaryrestrictions to the original protocol definition.  This edition correctsand clarifies in a minor way,RFC 1194.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1195    Callon     Dec 90   Use of OSI IS-IS for Routing in TCP/IP                              and Dual EnvironmentsThis memo specifies an integrated routing protocol, based on the OSIIntra-Domain IS-IS Routing Protocol, which may be used as an interiorgateway protocol (IGP) to support TCP/IP as well as OSI.  This allows asingle routing protocol to be used to support pure IP environments, pureOSI environments, and dual environments.  This specification wasdeveloped by the IS-IS working group of the Internet Engineering TaskForce.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1194    Zimmerman  Nov 90   The Finger User Information ProtocolThis memo describes the Finger User Information Protocol.  This is asimple protocol which provides an interface to a remote user informationprogram.  Based onRFC 742, a description of the original Fingerprotocol, this memo attempts to clarify the expected communicationbetween the two ends of a Finger connection.  It also tries not toinvalidate the many existing implementations or add unnecessaryrestrictions to the original protocol definition.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1193    Ferrari    Nov 90   Client Requirements for Real-Time                              Communication ServicesThis memo describes client requirements for real-time communicationservices.  This memo provides information for the Internet community,and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements.  It does notspecify any standard.Reynolds                                                        [Page 2]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911192    Kahin      Nov 90   Commercialization of the Internet                              Summary ReporThis memo is based on a workshop held by the Science, Technology andPublic Policy Program of the John F. Kennedy School of Government,Harvard University, March 1-3, 1990.  This memo provides information forthe Internet community.  It does not specify any standard.1191    Mogul      Nov 90   Path MTU DiscoveryThis memo describes a technique for dynamically discovering the maximumtransmission unit (MTU) of an arbitrary internet path.  It specifies asmall change to the way routers generate one type of ICMP message.  Fora path that passes through a router that has not been so changed, thistechnique might not discover the correct Path MTU, but it will alwayschoose a Path MTU as accurate as, and in many cases more accurate than,the Path MTU that would be chosen by current practice.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1190    Topolcic   Oct 90   Experimental Internet Stream Protocol,                              Version 2 (ST-II)This memo defines a revised version of the Internet Stream Protocol,originally defined in IEN-119 [8], based on results from experimentswith the original version, and subsequent requests, discussion, andsuggestions for improvements.  This is a Limited-Use ExperimentalProtocol.  Please refer to the current edition of the "IAB OfficialProtocol Standards" for the standardization state and status of thisprotocol.1189    Warrier    Oct 90   The Common Management Information                              Services and Protocols for the InternetThis memo defines a network management architecture that uses theInternational Organization for Standardization's (ISO) Common ManagementInformation Services/Common Management Information Protocol (CMIS/CMIP)in the Internet.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1188    Katz       Oct 90   A Proposed Standard for the                              Transmission of IP Datagrams over                              FDDI NetworksThis memo defines a method of encapsulating the Internet Protocol (IP)datagrams and Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) requests and replies onReynolds                                                        [Page 3]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 1991Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) Networks.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1187    Rose       Oct 90   Bulk Table Retrieval with the SNMPThis memo reports an interesting family of algorithms for bulk tableretrieval using the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).  Thismemo describes an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community, andrequests discussion and suggestions for improvements.  This memo doesnot specify a standard for the Internet community.  Please refer to thecurrent edition of the "IAB Official Protocol Standards" for thestandardization state and status of this protocol.1186    Rivest     Oct 90   The MD4 Message Digest AlgorithmThis RFC is the specification of the MD4 Digest Algorithm.  If you aregoing to implement MD4, it is suggested you do it this way.  This memois for informational use and does not constitute a standard.1185    Jacobson   Oct 90   TCP Extension for High-Speed PathsThis memo describes an Experimental Protocol extension to TCP for theInternet community, and requests discussion and suggestions forimprovements.  Please refer to the current edition of the "IAB OfficialProtocol Standards" for the standardization state and status of thisprotocol.1184    Borman     Oct 90   Telnet Linemode OptionThis RFC specifies a procedure for line at a time terminal interactionbased on the Telnet Protocol.  It obsoletesRFC 1116.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1183    Everhart   Oct 90   New DNS RR DefinitionsThis memo defines five new DNS types for experimental purposes.  ThisRFC describes an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community, andrequests discussion and suggestions for improvements.1182    Never issued.Reynolds                                                        [Page 4]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911181    Blokzijl   Sep 90   RIPE Terms of ReferenceThis RFC describes the Terms of Reference of RIPE (Reseaux IPEuropeens), the cooperation of European IP networks.  This memo providesinformation for the Internet community.  It does not specify anystandard.1180    Socolofsky Jan 91   A TCP/IP TutorialThis RFC is a tutorial on the TCP-IP protocol suite, focusingparticularly on the steps in forwarding an IP datagram from source hostto destination host through a router.  It does not specify an Internetstandard.1179    McLaughlin Aug 90   Line Printer Daemon ProtocolThis RFC describes an existing print server protocol widely used on theInternet for communicating between line printer daemons (both clientsand servers).  This memo is for informational purposes only, and doesnot specify an Internet standard.  Please refer to the current editionof the "IAB Official Protocol Standards" for the standardization stateand status of this protocol.1178    Libes      Aug 90   Choosing a Name for Your ComputerThis FYI RFC is a republication of a Communications of the ACM articleon guidelines on what to do and what not to do when naming yourcomputer.  This memo provides information for the Internet community.It does not specify any standard.  [Also FYI 5.]1177    Malkin     Aug 90   FYI on Questions and Answers                              Answers to Commonly asked "New                              Internet User" QuestionsThis FYI RFC is one of three FYI's called, "Questions and Answers"(Q/A), produced by the User Services Working Group (USWG) of theInternet Engineering Task Force (IETF).  The goal is to document themost commonly asked questions and answers in the Internet.  This memoprovides information for the Internet community.  It does not specifyany standard.  [Also FYI 4.]Reynolds                                                        [Page 5]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911176    Crispin    Aug 90   Interactive Mail Access Protocol -                              Version 2This RFC suggests a method for personal computers and workstations todynamically access mail from a mailbox server ("repository").  ItobosoletesRFC 1064.  This RFC specifies an Experimental Protocol forthe Internet community.  Discussion and suggestions for improvement arerequested.  Please refer to the current edition of the "IAB OfficialProtocol Standards" for the standardization state and status of thisprotocol.1175    Bowers     Aug 90   FYI on Where to Start - A Bibliography                              of Internetworking InformationThis FYI RFC is a bibliography of information about TCP/IPinternetworking, prepared by the User Services Working Group (USWG) ofthe Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).  This memo providesinformation for the Internet community.  It does not specify anystandard.  [Also FYI 3.]1174    Cerf       Aug 90   IAB Recommended Policy on Distributing                              Internet Identifier Assignment and                              IAB Recommended Policy                              Change to Internet "Connected" StatusThis informational RFC represents the official view of the InternetActivities Board (IAB), and describes the recommended policies andprocedures on distributing Internet identifier assignments and droppingthe connected status requirement.  This RFC does not specify a standard.1173    Van Bokkelen Aug 90 Responsibilities of Host and Network                              Managers: A Summary of the "Oral                              Tradition" of the InternetThis informational RFC describes the conventions to be followed by thosein charge of networks and hosts in the Internet.  It is a summary of the"oral tradition" of the Internet on this subject.  [RFC Editor's note:This memo is a contribution by the author of his view of theseconventions.  It is expected that this RFC will provide a basis for thedevelopment of official policies in the future.] These conventions maybe supplemented or amended by the policies of specific local andregional components of the Internet.  This RFC does not specify astandard, or a policy of the IAB.Reynolds                                                        [Page 6]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911172    Perkins    Jul 90   The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)                              Initial Configuration OptionsThis memo specifies the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) InitialConfiguration Options as a Proposed Standard Protocol for the Internetcommunity.  When it becomes a full Standard, this protocol will berecommended for all TCP/IP implementations that communicate over seriallinks.1171    Perkins    Jul 90   The Point-to-Point Protocol for the                              Transmission of Multi-Protocol Datagrams                              Over Point-to-Point LinksThis memo specifies the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) as a DraftStandard Protocol for the Internet community.  When it becomes a fullStandard, this protocol will be recommended for all TCP/IPimplementations that communicate over serial links.1170    Fougner    Jan 91   Public Key Standards and LicensesThis RFC is a public statement by Public Key Partners regarding PublicKey Standards and Licenses.  This memo is for informational use only,and does not constitute an Internet standard.1169    Cerf       Aug 90   Explaining the Role of GOSIPThis informational RFC represents the official view of the InternetActivities Board (IAB), after coordination with the Federal NetworkingCouncil (FNC).  This RFC does not specify a standard.1168    Westine    Jul 90   Intermail and Commercial Mail                              Relay ServicesThis RFC discusses the history and evolution of the Intermail andCommercial mail systems.  The problems encountered in operating astore-and-forward mail relay between commercial systems such asTelemail, MCI Mail and Dialcom are also discussed.  This RFC providesinformation for the Internet community, and does not specify anystandard.Reynolds                                                        [Page 7]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911167    Cerf       Jul 90   Thoughts on the National Research and                              Education NetworkThe memo provides a brief outline of a National Research and EducationNetwork (NREN).  This memo provides information for the Internetcommunity.  It does not specify any standard.  It is not a statement ofIAB policy or recommendations.1166    KirkpatrickJul 90   Internet NumbersThis memo is a status report on the network numbers and autonomoussystem numbers used in the Internet community.1165    Crowcrowft Jun 90   Network Time Protocol (NTP)                              over the OSI Remote Operations ServiceThis memo suggests an Experimental Protocol for the OSI and Internetcommunities.  Hosts in either community, and in particular those on bothare encouraged to experiment with this mechanism.1164    Honig       Jun 90  Application of the Border Gateway                              Protocol in the InternetThis RFC, together with its companionRFC-1163, "A Border GatewayProtocol (BGP)", specify an inter-autonomous system routing protocol forthe Internet.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1163    Lougheed   Jun 90   A Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)This RFC, together with its companionRFC-1164, "Application of theBorder Gateway Protocol in the Internet", specify an inter-autonomoussystem routing protocol for the Internet.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1162    Satz       Jun 90   Connectionless Network Protocol                              (ISO 8473) and End System to                              Intermediate System (ISO 9542)                              Management Information BaseThis memo defines an experimental portion of the Management InformationBase (MIB) for use with network management protocols in TCP/IP-basedinternets.  This memo does not specify a standard for the Internetcommunity.Reynolds                                                        [Page 8]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911161    Rose       Jun 90   SNMP over OSIThis memo defines an experimental means for running the Simple NetworkManagement Protocol (SNMP) over OSI transports.  This memo does notspecify a standard for the Internet community,1160    Cerf       May 90   The Internet Activities BoardThis RFC provides a history and description of the Internet ActivitiesBoard (IAB) and its subsidiary organizations.  This memo is forinformational use and does not constitute a standard.  This is arevision ofRFC 1120.1159    Nelson     Jun 90   Message Send ProtocolThis RFC suggests an Experimental Protocol for the Internet community.Hosts on the Internet that choose to implement a Message Send Protocolmay experiment with this protocol.1158    Rose       May 90   Management Information Base for                              Network Management of TCP/IP-based                              internets:  MIB-IIThis memo defines the second version of the Management Information Base(MIB-II) for use with network management protocols in TCP/IP- basedinternets.  In particular, together with its companion memos whichdescribe the structure of management information (RFC 1155) along withthe network management protocol (RFC 1157) for TCP/IP- based internets,these documents provide a simple, workable architecture and system formanaging TCP/IP-based internets and in particular the Internetcommunity.This document on MIB-II incorporates all of the technical content of RFC1156 on MIB-I and extends it, without loss of compatibilty.[STANDARDS-TRACK]1157    Case       May 90   A Simple Network Management                              Protocol (SNMP)This RFC is a re-release ofRFC 1098, with a changed "Status of thisMemo" section plus a few minor typographical corrections.  This memodefines a simple protocol by which management information for a networkelement may be inspected or altered by logically remote users.[STANDARDS-TRACK]Reynolds                                                        [Page 9]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911156    McCloghrie May 90   Management Information Base for                              Network Management of                              TCP/IP-based internetsThis RFC is a re-release ofRFC 1066, with a changed "Status of thisMemo", "IAB Policy Statement", and "Introduction" sections plus a fewminor typographical corrections.  The technical content of the documentis unchanged fromRFC 1066.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1155    Rose       May 90   Structure and Identification of                              Management Information for                              TCP/IP-based InternetsThis RFC is a re-release ofRFC 1065, with a changed "Status of thisMemo", plus a few minor typographical corrections.  The technicalcontent of the document is unchanged fromRFC 1065.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1154    Robinson   Apr 90   Encoding Header Field for                              Internet MessagesThis RFC proposes an elective experimental Encoding header field topermit the mailing of multi-part, multi-structured messages.The use of Encoding updatesRFC 1049 (Content-Type), and is a suggestedupdate to RFCs 1113, 1114, and 1115 (Privacy Enhancement).1153    Wancho     Apr 90   Digest Message FormatThis memo describes the de facto standard Digest Message Format.  Thisis an elective experimental protocol.1152    Partridge  Apr 90   Workshop Report: Internet Research                              Steering GroupWorkshop on                              Very-High-Speed NetworksThis memo is a report on a workshop sponsored by the Internet ResearchSteering Group.  This memo is for information only.  This RFC does notspecify an Internet standard.1151    Partridge  Apr 90   Version 2 of the Reliable Data                              Protocol (RDP)This RFC suggests several updates to the specification of the ReliableReynolds                                                       [Page 10]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 1991Data Protocol (RDP) inRFC-908 based on experience with the protocol.This revised version of the protocol is experimental.1150    Malkin     Mar 90   F.Y.I on F.Y.I:                              Introduction to the F.Y.I. NotesThis memo is the first in a new sub-series of RFCs called FYIs (For YourInformation).  This memo provides information for the Internetcommunity.  It does not specify any standard.  [Also FYI 1.]1149    Waitzman   Apr 90   A Standard for the Transmission of                              IP Datagrams on Avian CarriersThis memo describes an experimental method for the encapsulation of IPdatagrams in avian carriers.  This specification is primarily useful inMetropolitan Area Networks.  This is an experimental, not recommendedstandard.1148    Kille      Mar 90   Mapping between X.400(1988) /                              ISO 10021 andRFC 822This RFC suggests an electronic mail protocol mapping for the Internetcommunity and UK Academic Community, and requests discussion andsuggestions for improvements.  This memo does not specify an Internetstandard.  This edition includes material lost in editing.1147    Stine      Apr 90   FYI on a Network Management Tool                              Catalog: Tools for Monitoring and                              Debugging TCP/IP Internets                              and Interconnected DevicesThe goal of this FYI memo is to provide practical information to siteadministrators and network managers.  This memo provides information forthe Internet community.  It does not specify any standard.  It is not astatement of IAB policy or recommendations.  [Also FYI 2.] This catalogcontains descriptions of several tools available to assist networkmanagers in debugging and maintaining TCP/IP internets andinterconnected communications resources.  Entries in the catalog tellwhat a tool does, how it works, and how it can be obtained.Reynolds                                                       [Page 11]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911146    Zweig      Mar 90   TCP Alternate Checksum OptionsThis memo is suggests a pair of TCP options to allow use of alternatedata checksum algorithms in the TCP header.  The use of these options isexperimental, and not recommended for production use.  Note: This RFCcorrects errors introduced in the editing process inRFC 1145.1145    Zweig      Feb 90   TCP Alternate Checksum OptionsThis memo is suggests a pair of TCP options to allow use of alternatedata checksum algorithms in the TCP header.  The use of these options isexperimental, and not recommended for production use.1144    Jacobson   Feb 90   Compressing TCP/IP Headers for                              Low-Speed Serial LinksThis RFC describes a method for compressing the headers of TCP/IPdatagrams to improve performance over low speed serial links.  Themotivation, implementation and performance of the method are described.C code for a sample implementation is given for reference.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1143    Bernstein  Feb 90   The Q Method of Implementing TELNET                              Option NegotiationThis is RFC discusses an implementation approach to option negotiationin the Telnet protocol (RFC 854).  It does not propose any changes tothe TELNET protocol.  Rather, it discusses the implementation of theprotocol of one feature, only.  This is not a protocol specification.This is an experimental method of implementing a protocol.1142    Oran       Feb 90   OSI IS-IS Intra-domain Routing ProtocolThis RFC is a republication of ISO DP 10589 as a service to theInternet community.  This is not an Internet standard.1141    Mallory    Jan 90   Incremental Updating of the                              Internet ChecksumThis memo correctly describes the incremental update procedure for usewith the standard Internet checksum.  It is intended to replace thedescription of Incremental Update inRFC 1071.  This is not a standardbut rather, an implementation technique.Reynolds                                                       [Page 12]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911140    Postel     May 90   IAB Official Protocol StandardsThis memo describes the state of standardization of protocols used inthe Internet as determined by the Internet Activities Board (IAB).This memo is issued quarterly, please be sure the copy you are readingis dated within the last three months.  Current copies may be obtainedfrom the Network Information Center or from the Internet AssignedNumbers Authority.  Do not use this edition after 31-Aug-90.1139    Hagens     Jan 90   An Echo Function for ISO 8473This memo defines an echo function for the connection-less network layerprotocol.  Two mechanisms are introduced that may be used to implementthe echo function.  The first mechanism is recommended as an interimsolution for the Internet community.  The second mechanism will beprogressed to the ANSI X3S3.3 working group for consideration as a workitem.When an ISO standard is adopted that provides functionality similar tothat described by this memo, then this memo will become obsolete andsuperceded by the ISO standard.  This memo is not intended to competewith an ISO standard.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1138    Kille      Dec 89   Mapping between X.400(1988) / ISO 10021                              andRFC 822Ths RFC suggests an electronic mail protocol mapping for the Internetcommunity and UK Academic Community, and requests discussion andsuggestions for improvements.  This memo does not specify an Internetstandard.  This memo updates RFCs 822, 987, and 1026.1137    Kille      Dec 89   Mapping Between FullRFC 822 andRFC 822 with Restricted EncodingThis RFC suggests an electronic mail protocol mapping for the Internetcommunity and UK Academic Community, and requests discussion andsuggestions for improvements.  This memo does not specify an Internetstandard.1136    Hares      Dec 89   Administrative Domains and Routing Domains                              A Model for Routing in the InternetThis RFC proposes a model for describing routing within the Internet.Reynolds                                                       [Page 13]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 1991The model is an adaptation of the "OSI Routeing Framework".  This memodoes not specify an Internet standard.1135    Reynolds   Dec 89   The Helminthiasis of the InternetThis memo takes a look back at the helminthiasis (infestation with, ordisease caused by parasitic worms) of the Internet that was unleashedthe evening of 2 November 1988.  This RFC provides information about anevent that occurred in the life of the Internet.  This memo does notspecify any standard.This document provides a glimpse at the infection, its festering, andcure.  The impact of the worm on the Internet community, ethicsstatements, the role of the news media, crime in the computer world, andfuture prevention is discussed.  A documentation review presents fourpublications that describe in detail this particular parasitic computerprogram.  Reference and bibliography sections are also included.1134    Perkins    Nov 89   The Point-to-Point Protocol: A Proposal                              for Multi-Protocol Transmission of                              Datagrams Over Point-to-Point LinksThis proposal is the product of the Point-to-Point Protocol WorkingGroup of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).  Comments on thismemo should be submitted to the IETF Point-to-Point Protocol WorkingGroup chair by January 15, 1990.  Comments will be reviewed at theFebruary 1990 IETF meeting, with the goal of advancing PPP to draftstandard status.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1133    Yu         Nov 89   Routing between the NSFNET and the DDNThis document is a case study of the implementation of routing betweenthe NSFNET and the DDN components (the MILNET and the ARPANET).  We hopethat it can be used to expand towards interconnection of otherAdministrative Domains.  We would welcome discussion and suggestionsabout the methods employed for the interconnections.  No standards arespecified in this memo.1132    McLaughlin Nov 89   A Standard for the Transmission of                              802.2 Packets over IPX NetworksThis document specifies a standard method of encapsulating 802.2 packetson networks supporting Novell's Internet Packet Exchange Protocol (IPX).It obsoletes earlier documents detailing the transmission of InternetReynolds                                                       [Page 14]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 1991packets over IPX networks.  It differs from these earlier documents inthat it allows for the transmission of multiple network protocols overIPX and for the transmission of packets through IPX bridges.1131    Moy        Oct 89   The OSPF SpecificationThis RFC is the specification of the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)Internet routing protocol.  OSPF is in the class of Internal GatewayProtocols (IGPs) for distributing routing information between gatewaysof a single Autonomous System.  This routing protocol is based on thelink-state approach (in contrast to the distance-vector approach).  Thisspecification was developed by the OSPF Working Group of the InternetEngineering Task Force.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1130    Postel     Oct 89   IAB Official Protocol StandardsThis memo describes the state of standardization of protocols used inthe Internet as determined by the Internet Activities Board (IAB).1129    Mills      Oct 89   Internet Time Synchronization:                              the Network Time ProtocolThis memo describes the Network Time Protocol (NTP) designed todistribute time information in a large, diverse internet systemoperating at speeds from mundane to lightwave.  It uses a returnable-time architecture in which a distributed subnet of time serversoperating in a self-organizing, hierarchical, master-slave configurationsynchronizes local clocks within the subnet and to national timestandards via wire or radio.  The servers can also redistribute timeinformation within a network via local routing algorithms and timedaemons.The architectures, algorithms and protocols which have evolved to NTPover several years of implementation and refinement are described inthis paper.  The synchronization subnet which has been in regularoperation in the Internet for the last several years is described alongwith performance data which shows that timekeeping accuracy throughoutmost portions of the Internet can be ordinarily maintained to within afew tens of milliseconds, even in cases of failure or disruption ofclocks, time servers or networks.This memo describes the Network Time Protocol inRFC-1119.Reynolds                                                       [Page 15]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911128    Mills      Oct 89   Measured Performance of the Network Time                              Protocol in the Internet SystemThis paper describes a series of experiments involving over 100,000hosts of the Internet system and located in the U.S., Europe and thePacific.  The experiments are designed to evaluate the availability,accuracy and reliability of international standard time distributionusing the DARPA/NSF Internet and the Network Time Protocol (NTP), whichis specified inRFC-1119.  NTP is designed specifically for use in alarge, diverse internet system operating at speeds from mundane tolightwave.  In NTP a distributed subnet of time servers operating in aself-organizing, hierarchical, master-slave configuration exchangeprecision timestamps in order to synchronize subnet clocks to each otherand national time standards via wire or radio.The experiments are designed to locate Internet hosts and gateways thatprovide time by one of three time distribution protocols and evaluatethe accuracy of their indications.  For those hosts that support NTP,the experiments determine the distribution of errors and otherstatistics over paths spanning major portions of the globe.  Finally,the experiments evaluate the accuracy and reliability of precisiontimekeeping using NTP and typical Internet paths involving DARPA, NSFNETand other agency networks.  The experiments demonstrate that timekeepingaccuracy throughout most portions of the Internet can be ordinarilymaintained to within a few tens of milliseconds, even in cases offailure or disruption of clocks, time servers or networks.This memo does not specify a standard.1127    Braden     Oct 89   Perspective on Host RequirementsThis RFC is for information only; it does not constitute a standard,draft standard, or proposed standard, and it does not define a protocol.1126    Little     Oct 89   Goals and Functional Requirements for                              Inter-Autonomous System RoutingThis document describes the functional requirements for a routingprotocol to be used between autonomous systems.  This document isintended as a necessary precursor to the design of a new inter-autonomous system routing protocol and specifies requirements for theInternet applicable for use with the current DoD IP, the ISO IP, andfuture Internet Protocols.  It is intended that these requirements willform the basis for the future development of a new inter-autonomoussystems routing architecture and protocol. This memo does not specify astandard.Reynolds                                                       [Page 16]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911125    Estrin     Nov 89   Policy Requirements for Inter                              Administrative Domain RoutingThe purpose of this memo is to focus discussion on particular problemsin the Internet and possible methods of solution.  No proposed solutionsin this document are intended as standards for the Internet.  Rather, itis hoped that a general consensus will emerge as to the appropriatesolution to such problems, leading eventually to the development andadoption of standards.1124    Leiner     Sep 89   Policy Issues in Interconnecting NetworksTo support the activities of the Federal Research Internet CoordinatingCommittee (FRICC) in creating an interconnected set of networks to servethe research community, two workshops were held to address the technicalsupport of policy issues that arise when interconnecting such networks.Held under the suspices of the Internet Activities Board at the requestof the FRICC, and sponsored by NASA through RIACS, the workshopsaddressed the required and feasible technologies and architectures thatcould be used to satisfy the desired policies for interconnection.  Thepurpose of this RFC is to report the results of these workshops.1123    Braden     Oct 89   Requirements for Internet Hosts --                              Application and SupportThis RFC is an official specification for the Internet community.  Itincorporates by reference, amends, corrects, and supplements the primaryprotocol standards documents relating to hosts.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1122    Braden     Oct 89   Requirements for Internet Hosts --                              Communication LayersThis RFC is an official specification for the Internet community.  Itincorporates by reference, amends, corrects, and supplements the primaryprotocol standards documents relating to hosts.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1121    Postel     Sep 89   Act One - The PoemsThis RFC presents a collection of poems that were presented at "ActOne", a symposium held partially in celebration of the 20th anniversaryof the ARPANET.Reynolds                                                       [Page 17]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911120    Cerf       Sep 89   The Internet Activities BoardThis RFC provides a history and description of the Internet ActivitiesBoard (IAB) and its subsidiary organizations.  This memo is forinformational use and does not constitute a standard.1119    Mills      Sep 89   Network Time Protocol (Version 2)                              Specification and ImplementationThis document describes the Network Time Protocol (NTP), specifies itsformal structure and summarizes information useful for itsimplementation.  NTP provides the mechanisms to synchronize time andcoordinate time distribution in a large, diverse internet operating atrates from mundane to lightwave.  It uses a returnable-time design inwhich a distributed subnet of time servers operating in a self-organizing, hierarchical-master-slave configuration synchronizes localclocks within the subnet and to national time standards via wire orradio.  The servers can also redistribute reference time via localrouting algorithms and time daemons.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1118    Krol       Sep 89   The Hitchhikers Guide to the InternetThis RFC is being distributed to members of the Internet community inorder to make available some "hints" which will allow new networkparticipants to understand how the direction of the Internet is set, howto acquire online information and how to be a good Internet neighbor.While the information discussed may not be relevant to the researchproblems of the Internet, it may be interesting to a number ofresearchers and implementors.  No standards are defined or specified inthis memo.1117    Romano     Aug 89   Internet NumbersThis memo is an official status report on the network numbers and theautonomous system numbers used in the Internet community.1116    Borman     Aug 89   Telnet Linemode OptionHosts on the Internet that support Linemode within the Telnet protocolare expected to adopt and implement this protocol.  Obsoleted by RFC1184.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]Reynolds                                                       [Page 18]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911115    Linn       Aug 89   Privacy Enhancement for Internet                              Electronic Mail: Part III --                              Algorithms, Modes, and IdentifiersThis RFC provides definitions, references, and citations foralgorithms, usage modes, and associated identifiers used inRFC-1113andRFC-1114 in support of privacy-enhanced electronic mail.[STANDARDS-TRACK]1114    Kent       Aug 89   Privacy Enhancement for Internet                              Electronic Mail: Part II --                              Certificate-Based Key ManagementThis RFC specifies the key management aspects of Privacy Enhanced Mail.[STANDARDS-TRACK]1113    Linn       Aug 89   Privacy Enhancement for Internet                              Electronic Mail: Part I -- Message                              Encipherment and Authentication                              ProceduresThis RFC specifies features for private electronic mail based onencryption technology.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1112    Deering    Aug 89   Host Extensions for IP MulticastingThis memo specifies the extensions required of a host implementation ofthe Internet Protocol (IP) to support multicasting.  Recommendedprocedure for IP multicasting in the Internet.  This RFC obsoletes RFCs998 and 1054.[STANDARDS-TRACK]1111    Postel     Aug 89   Request for Comments on Request for                              Comments - Instructions to                              RFC AuthorsThis RFC specifies a standard for the Internet community.  Authors ofRFCs are expected to adopt and implement this standard.1110    McKenzie   Aug 89   A Problem with the TCP Big Window                              OptionThis memo comments on the TCP Big Window option described inRFC 1106.Reynolds                                                       [Page 19]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911109    Cerf       Aug 89   Report of the Second Ad Hoc                              Network Management Review GroupThis RFC reports an official Internet Activities Board (IAB) policyposition on the treatment of Network Management in the Internet.  ThisRFC presents the results and recommendations of the second Ad HocNetwork Management Review on June 12, 1989.  The results of the firstsuch meeting were reported inRFC 1052.1108    Kent       Nov 91   U.S. Department of Defense Security                              Options for the Internet ProtocolThis RFC specifies the U.S. Department of Defense Basic SecurityOption and the top-level description of the Extended Security Optionfor use with the Internet Protocol.  This RFC obsoletesRFC 1038,"Revised IP Security Option", dated January 1988.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1107    Sollins    Jul 89   A Plan for Internet Directory ServicesThis memo proposes a program to develop a directory service for theInternet.  It reports the results of a meeting held in February 1989,which was convened to review requirements and options for such aservice.  This proposal is offered for comment, and does not represent acommitted research activity of the Internet community.1106    Fox        Jun 89   TCP Big Window and Nak OptionsThis memo discusses two extensions to the TCP protocol to provide a moreefficient operation over a network with a high bandwidth*delay product.The extensions described in this document have been implemented andshown to work using resources at NASA.  This memo describes anExperimental Protocol, these extensions are not proposed as an Internetstandard, but as a starting point for further research.1105    Lougheed   Jun 89   A Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)This RFC outlines a specific approach for the exchange of networkreachability information between Autonomous Systems.  Updated by RFCs1163 and 1164.[STANDARDS-TRACK]Reynolds                                                       [Page 20]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 19911104    Braun      Jun 89   Models of Policy Based RoutingThe purpose of this RFC is to outline a variety of models for policybased routing.  The relative benefits of the different approaches arereviewed.  Discussions and comments are explicitly encouraged to movetoward the best policy based routing model that scales well within alarge internetworking environment.1103    Katz       Jun 89   A Proposed Standard for the Transmission                              of IP Datagrams over FDDI NetworksThis RFC specifies a method of encapsulating the Internet Protocol (IP)datagrams and Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) requests and replies onFiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) Networks.  [STANDARDS-TRACK]1102    Clark      May 89   Policy Routing in Internet ProtocolsThe purpose of this RFC is to focus discussion on particular problems inthe Internet and possible methods of solution.  No proposed solutions inthis document are intended as standards for the Internet.1101    MockapetrisApr 89   DNS Encoding of Network Names and                              Other TypesThis RFC proposes two extensions to the Domain Name System:   - A specific method for entering and retrieving RRs which map     between network names and numbers.   - Ideas for a general method for describing mappings between     arbitrary identifiers and numbers.The method for mapping between network names and addresses is a proposedstandard, the ideas for a general method are experimental.1100    IAB        Apr 89   IAB Official Protocol StandardsThis memo describes the state of standardization of protocols used inthe Internet as determined by the Internet Activities Board (IAB).  Anoverview of the standards procedures is presented first, followed bydiscussions of the standardization process and the RFC document series,then the explanation of the terms is presented, the lists of protocolsin each stage of standardization follows, and finally pointers toreferences and contacts for further information.Reynolds                                                       [Page 21]

RFC 1199                  Summary of 1100-1199             December 1991This memo is issued quarterly, please be sure the copy you are readingis dated within the last three months.  Current copies may be obtainedfrom the Network Information Center or from the Internet AssignedNumbers Authority (see the contact information at the end of this memo).Do not use this memo after 31-July-89.Security Considerations   Security issues are not discussed in this memo.Author's Address   Joyce K. Reynolds   University of Southern California   Information Sciences Institute   4676 Admiralty Way   Marina del Rey, CA 90292   Phone:  (310) 822-1511   EMail:  JKREY@ISI.EDUReynolds                                                       [Page 22]

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