Utilizing Structures of CYP2D6 and BACE1 Complexes To Reduce Risk of Drug-Drug Interactions with a Novel Series of Centrally Efficacious BACE1 Inhibitors.

(2015) J Med Chem 58: 3223-3252

• PubMed: 25781223 Search on PubMedSearch on PubMed Central
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00191
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  4XRY,4XRZ,4XXS


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

  In recent years, the first generation of β-secretase (BACE1) inhibitors advanced into clinical development for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the alignment of drug-like properties and selectivity remains a major challenge. Herein, we describe the discovery of a novel class of potent, low clearance, CNS penetrant BACE1 inhibitors represented by thioamidine 5. Further profiling suggested that a high fraction of the metabolism (>95%) was due to CYP2D6, increasing the potential risk for victim-based drug-drug interactions (DDI) and variable exposure in the clinic due to the polymorphic nature of this enzyme. To guide future design, we solved crystal structures of CYP2D6 complexes with substrate 5 and its corresponding metabolic product pyrazole 6, which provided insight into the binding mode and movements between substrate/inhibitor complexes. Guided by the BACE1 and CYP2D6 crystal structures, we designed and synthesized analogues with reduced risk for DDI, central efficacy, and improved hERG therapeutic margins.

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Organizational Affiliation: 

#The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92024, United States.