Profession:Queen of England and Ireland

Nationality:

Biography: Elizabeth I was Queen of England and Ireland, she was last monarch of the House of Tudor and was known as the "Virgin Queen." She was the daughter ofHenry VIII andAnne Boleyn, and was the third of Henry's children to take the throne in the years after his death.

While Elizabeth was imprisoned during the reign of Mary I, she would succeed to the throne upon Mary's death, with Mary having failed to produce an heir. This led to the first period of enduring stability for the crown since Henry VIII, with Elizabeth ruling for 44 years.

Elizabeth's reign is known for its flourishing cultural aspect, particularly for English drama with the Elizabethan era being the age ofWilliam Shakespeare. The period was also characterized by the feats of various English maritime adventurers:Francis Drake, for instance, andWalter Raleigh.

In terms of foreign policy, Elizabeth navigated affairs carefully in an initial effort to avoid war with Spain. Ultimately the two would clash, however, and for this Elizabeth is known for ruling during the defeat of the Spanish Armada which had been intended to support an invasion force that would depose Elizabeth and reinstate Catholicism in England.

Born:September 7,1533
Birthplace: Greenwich, London, England
Star Sign:Virgo

Died:March 24,1603 (aged 69)

• 1558-11-17 The independence of the Church of England is re-established upon ascension of Elizabeth I to the throne
• 1559-01-15 Elizabeth I is crowned Queen of England at Westminster Abbey in London
• 1568-05-16 Defeated at the Battle of Langside, MaryQueen of Scots flees to England in the hope Elizabeth I will help her regain her throne who instead detains her at Carlisle Castle
• 1568-05-19 English Queen Elizabeth I arrestsMary, Queen of Scots
• 1569-10-01 The Duke of Norfolk is arrested by Queen Elizabeth I for conspiring to marryMary, Queen of Scots
• 1569-12-15 Hunted by Queen Elizabeth I for treason in "The Rising of the North", Charles Neville, Earl of Westmorland, escapes to Scotland.
• 1570-02-25Pius V excommunicates Queen Elizabeth I of England for heresy and persecution of English Catholics during her reign and absolves her subjects from allegiance to the crown
• 1571-01-23 Queen Elizabeth I of England opens Royal Exchange in London
• 1575-01-22 English Queen Elizabeth I grants composers Thomas Tallis and William Byrd a monopoly on printing music
• 1578-03-10 Queen Elizabeth I of England gives Johan Casimir £20,000 to aid Dutch rebellion
• 1579-08-17 Francis, Duke of Anjou, visits English Queen Elizabeth I in an attempt to court her
• 1581-04-04Francis Drake is knighted by Queen Elizabeth I aboard his galleon, the "Golden Hind" at Deptford, England
• 1584-03-25 English explorerWalter Raleigh granted seven-year royal charter by Elizabeth I to explore and colonize North America, after Humphrey Gilbert's death at sea
• 1585-07-17 English secret service discovers Anthony Babington's plot to murder plot Queen Elizabeth I
• 1585-08-10 English Queen Elizabeth I signs Treaty of Nonsuch: Aid for Netherlands
• 1585-08-14 Queen Elizabeth I of England refuses sovereignty of the Netherlands
• 1586-10-14Mary, Queen of Scots, goes on trial for conspiring against Queen Elizabeth I
• 1587-02-01 Queen Elizabeth I of England signs the death warrant for her cousin,Mary, Queen of Scots

• 1597-04-23William Shakespeare's "The Merry Wives of Windsor" is first performed with Queen Elizabeth I of England in attendance
• 1598-08-04 London's Lord Mayor repossesses the Steelyard from the Hanze (German Hanseatic League) on instruction from Elizabeth I
• 1600-12-31 British East India Company receives its royal charter from Elizabeth I to explore trade routes in the East Indies

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  A Son, A Son – My Wife For A Son!

  Henry VIII, who became King of England on this day in history, disposed of two wives in his quest for a son and heir – and was to marry four others.
  April 21, 1509
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  World’s First National State Lottery

  Lotteries have been around for centuries but on this day the world’s first national state lottery was played out – with fabulous and surprising prizes.
  January 11, 1569
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  Francis Drake Lands in California

  1590 depiction of Francis Drake's landing in what he called New Albion, now northern California
  June 17, 1579
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  Cloak And Dagger World of Walter Raleigh

  Sir Walter Raleigh's secret marriage to a lady-in-waiting was uncovered on this day. It ruined his career, but things were to get much worse.
  May 31, 1592
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  John Manningham Notes the Passing of Queen Elizabeth I

  John Manningham was an English lawyer and diarist who wrote this especially moving entry on the passing of Queen Elizabeth I.
  March 24, 1603

• The German Hanse in London and the Steelyard -The History of London

• Anne Boleyn
• Catherine of Aragon
• Mary I of England
• Mary, Queen of Scots
• Jane Grey
• Anne of Cleves