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On This Day
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Historical Eventsin 1794

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Abolition of Slavery

Feb 4French National Convention proclaims abolition of slavery

Politician and RevolutionaryGeorges Danton

Haydn's 99th Symphony in E

Feb 10Joseph Haydn's 99th Symphony in E premieres, in London, England

ComposerJoseph Haydn

Cotton Gin Machine

Mar 14Eli Whitney patents the cotton gin, revolutionizing the cotton industry in the southern US states[1]

Inventor of the Cotton GinEli Whitney

Kościuszko Uprising

Mar 23 Polish generalTadeusz Kościuszko returns to Kraków, Poland to led the Kościuszko Uprising against Russian and Prussian control

Military Leader and StatesmanTadeusz Kościuszko

US Navy Founded

Mar 27 Naval Act of 1794 is signed by PresidentGeorge Washington, authorizing the building of six frigates and establishing a permanent US Navy

First US President and Founding FatherGeorge Washington

Priestley Departs England

Apr 7 English chemist and theologianJoseph Priestley departs England for America on board Sansom at Gravesend

Chemist, Theologian and AuthorJoseph Priestley

Joséphine de Beauharnais Imprisoned

Apr 21Joséphine de Beauharnais, future Empress of French and first wife of Napoleon Bonaparte, is imprisoned during the Reign of Terror

Empress of the FrenchJoséphine de Beauharnais

Toussaint Louverture Changes Sides

May 6 In HaitiToussaint Louverture changes sides, ambushing his former ally the Spanish at San Raphael

General and RevolutionaryToussaint Louverture

Empress Grants Jews Settlement

Jun 23 Russian EmpressCatherine II (Catherine the Great) grants Jews permission to settle in Kiev

Empress of RussiaCatherine the Great

Battle of Fleurus

Jun 26 Battle of Fleurus: Major victory by forces of the First French Republic under General Jean-Baptiste Jourdan over the Coalition Army (Great Britain, Hanover, Dutch Republic, and Habsburgs) with the first use of a reconnaissance balloon

Jourdan at Fleurus with the balloon l'Entreprenant in the background

Beauharnais Executed

Jul 23Alexandre de Beauharnais, the first husband ofJoséphine de Beauharnais, is executed for treason during the Reign of Terror

PoliticianAlexandre de Beauharnais
Empress of the FrenchJoséphine de Beauharnais

Fall of Maximilien Robespierre

Jul 27Maximilien Robespierre is overthrown in a coup in Paris

RevolutionaryMaximilien Robespierre

Maximilien Robespierre Executed

Jul 28 French Revolutionary figureMaximilien Robespierre and 22 other leaders of "the Terror" are guillotined to thunderous cheers in Paris

Robespierre is placed on the guillotine at his execution in Paris

Battle of Fallen Timbers

Aug 20 Battle of Fallen Timbers: Major General "Mad Anthony" Wayne defeats a joint British-Native American force at Fallen Timbers, Ohio in the final battle of the Northwest Indian War

Military LeaderAnthony Wayne

Mirabeau Removed from Panthéon

Sep 21 French National Convention orders the remains ofComte de Mirabeau be removed from the Panthéon after his double-dealings with court revealed

Revolutionary and PoliticianComte de Mirabeau

Jean-Paul Marat Reburied

Sep 21Jean-Paul Marat's remains are transferred to the Panthéon in Paris, with the eulogy given by theMarquis de Sade

Revolutionary and JournalistJean-Paul Marat
Philosopher and WriterMarquis de Sade

Dalton Explains Color Blindness

Oct 31John Dalton's first lecture to the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society is titled "Extraordinary Facts Relating to the Vision of Colours," describing his own color blindness, which later becomes known as Daltonism

Chemist, Physicist and MeteorologistJohn Dalton


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