Birthdays by Year
- Jan 8 John Selden Roane, American Governor of Arkansas (1849-52) and Confederate Brigadier General, born in Wilson County, Tennessee (d. 1867)
- Jan 8 Sir Theophilus Shepstone, South African statesman, born in England, United Kingdom (d. 1893)
- Jan 14 Harmen Sytstra, Dutch poet and editor (Iduna), born in Mullum, Netherlands (d. 1862)
- Jan 15 Lewis Golding Arnold, American Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Perth Amboy, New Jersey (d. 1871)
- Jan 18 Jacques Gregoir, Belgian pianist and composer, born in Antwerp, Belgium (d. 1876)
- Jan 31 Anthony Winkler Prins, Dutch writer, encyclopedist (Winker Prins Encyclopedia), and Mennote preacher, born in Voorst, Netherlands (d. 1908)
- Feb 2 John Glover, English chemist (sulfuric acid), born in Newcastle upon Tyne, England (d. 1902)
- Feb 2 Jose Maria de la Purificacion Ventura, Spanish composer (Father of the modern Sardana), born in Alcalá la Real, Spain (d. 1875)
- Feb 3 Achille Delesse, French geologist and mineralogist, born in Metz, France (d. 1881)
- Feb 3 Emile Prudent, French pianist and composer, born in Angoulême, France (d. 1863)
- Feb 3 Samuel Ryan Curtis, American politician and Major General (Union Army), born in Champlain, New York (d. 1866)
- Feb 7 LeRoy Pope Walker, American lawyer and 1st Confederate States Secretary of War (1861), born in Huntsville, Alabama (d. 1884)
- Feb 8 Richard S. Ewell, US Army officer and Confederate General (Battle of Gettysburg, Battle of Spotsylvania Court House), born in Georgetown, Washington D.C. (d. 1872)
- Feb 15 Charles-François Daubigny, French painter of the Barbizon school, born in Paris (d. 1878)
- Feb 18 Lewis Armistead, American Confederate general, part of Pickett’s Charge during the Battle of Gettysburg, born in New Bern, North Carolina (d. 1863)
- Feb 18 Walter Page Lane, American soldier and Confederate general who fought for Texas, born in County Cork, Ireland (d. 1892)
- Feb 19 William III, King of the Netherlands (1849-90) and the last male King until 2013, born in the Palace of the Nation, Brussels, United Kingdom of the Netherlands (d. 1890)
- Feb 21 Jose Zorrilla, Spanish poet and dramatist (El rey Loco), born in Valladolid, Spain (d. 1893)
- Feb 22 Carl Wilhelm Borchardt, German mathematician who worked in analysis, born in Rudersdorf, Prussia (d. 1880)
- Feb 22 Niels Wilhelm Gade, Danish violinist, organist, composer, and conductor, born in Copenhagen (d. 1890)
- Feb 23 George Frederic Watts, British painter and sculptor of the Symbolist movement ("Hope"; "Love and Life"), born in London (d. 1904)
- Feb 28 James Craig, American lawyer, politician and Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Washington County, Pennsylvania (d. 1888)
- Mar 1 Giovanni Duprè, Italian sculptor (Pieta), born in Siena (d. 1882)
- Mar 2 Janos Arany, Hungarian epic poet (Toldi, Death of King Buda), born in Nagyszalonta, Kingdom of Hungary (d. 1882)
- Mar 4 Edwards Pierrepont, American statesman, jurist and lawyer; 34th United States Attorney General (d. 1892)
- Mar 5 Austen Henry Layard, British archaeologist and diplomat (work in Mesopotamia including rediscovery of Nineveh), born in Paris, France (d. 1894)
- Mar 6 Clémentine of Orléans, French princess, daughter of Louis-Philippe I, born at Château de Neuilly, France(d. 1907)
- Mar 19 Lewis Henry Little, Brigadier General (Confederate Army), (d. 1862)
- Mar 22 Braxton Bragg, American General (Confederate Army), born in Warrenton, North Carolina (d. 1876)
- Mar 24 Aimé Maillart, French opera composer (Les Dragons de Villars), born in Montpellier, Hérault, France (d. 1871)
- Mar 26 Herman Haupt, American civil engineer and Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1905)
- Mar 27 Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli, Swiss botanist (famous for his work on plant cells), born in Kilchberg, Switzerland (d. 1891)
- Mar 28 Mariano Soriano Fuertes y Piqueras, Spanish composer, born in Murcia, Spain (d. 1880)
- Mar 29 Konstantin Sergeyevich Aksakov, Russian historian and poet, born in Novo-Aksakovo, Russia (d. 1860)
- Apr 2 Teodulo Mabellini, Italian composer, born in Pistoia, Grand Duchy of Tuscany (d. 1897)
- Apr 4 John Wilson Sprague, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in White Creek, New York (d. 1893)
- Apr 13 Alphonse Wauters, Belgian historian and archivist (Brussels), born in Brussels, Belgium (d. 1898)
- Apr 18 George Henry Lewes, English philosophical writer (Life of Goethe), born in London (d. 1878)
- Apr 19 John Philip "Spanish John", Scottish painter, born in Aberdeen (d. 1865)
- May 2 Zikmund Kolešovský, Czech composer, born in Prague, Kingdom of Bohemia (d. 1868)
- May 5 George Washington Julian, American politician, U.S. House of Representatives from Indiana, born in Centerville, Indiana (d. 1899)
- May 11 (Francesca) "Fanny" Cerrito, Italian ballerina and choreographer (Rosida), born in Naples, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (d. 1909)
- May 14 Alexander Kaufmann, German poet and folklorist, born in Bonn, Rhine Province, Kingdom of Prussia (d. 1893)
- May 15 Debendranath Tagore, Indian philosopher of the Bengal Renaissance, religious reformer and founder of the Brahmo religion, born in Calcutta, British India (d. 1905)
- May 18 James William Denver, American lawyer, politician and Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Winchester, Virginia (d. 1892)
- May 31 Édouard Deldevez, French violinist and composer, born in Paris, France (d. 1897)
- May 31 Georg Herwegh, German poet, born in Stuttgart, Kingdom of Württemberg (d. 1875)
- Jun 17 Thomas Maley Harris, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Wood County, West Virginia (d. 1906)
- Jun 21 James Brewerton Ricketts, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in New York City (d. 1887)
- Jun 26 Branwell Brontë [Patrick Branwell Brontë], English painter and writer and brother of the writers Charlotte, Emily and Anne, born in Thornton, West Yorkshire, England (d. 1848)
- Jun 30 Joseph Dalton Hooker, British botanist and director of the Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, born in Halesworth, Suffolk (d. 1911)
- Jul 6 Albert von Kölliker, Swiss anatomist and histologist (one of the first to interpret tissue structure in terms of cellular elements), born in Zürich, Switzerland (d. 1905)
Henry David Thoreau(1817-1862)
Jul 12 Americannaturalist and pacifist (Walden Pond), born in Concord, Massachusetts
- Jul 15 John Fowler, English engineer (engineer for London Metropolitan Railway - world's 1st underground railway), born in Sheffield, England (d. 1898)
- Jul 17 Ignace Leybach, French pianist and composer, born in Gambsheim, Alsace, France (d. 1891)
- Jul 19 Mary Ann Bickerdyke, American army nurse (union), born in Knox County, Ohio (d. 1901)
- Jul 21 John Gilbert, British artist, illustrator and engraver, born in Blackheath, Surrey (d. 1897)
- Jul 21 Joseph K Barnes, American Major General (Union Army), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1883)
- Jul 24 Adolphe [Adolf Wilhelm August Karl Friedrich], Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1890-1905), born in Biebrich Palace, Wiesbaden, Duchy of Nassau (d. 1905)
- Jul 29 James Blair Steedman, American Major General (Union Army), born in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania (d. 1883)
- Jul 31 Philip Cook Jr, American Brigadier General in the Confederate Army, born in Twiggs County, Georgia (d. 1894)
- Aug 3 Archduke Albrecht of Austria, Duke of Teschen, Austrian general (Battle at Custozza), born in Vienna, Austria (d. 1895)
- Aug 13 Károly Thern, Hungarian composer, born in Spišská Nová Ves, Slovakia (d. 1886)
- Aug 14 Alexander H. Bailey, American politician (Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York), born in Minisink, New York (d. 1874)
- Aug 16 Henry Winter Davis, American politician and unionist, born in Annapolis, Maryland (d. 1865)
- Aug 17 Joseph Kervyn de Lettenhove, Belgian politician and literary figure, born in Sint-Michiels, Belgium (d. 1891)
- Aug 24 Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, Russian novelist, poet and playwright (Prince Serebrenni), born in Saint Petersburg, Russia (d. 1875)
- Sep 5 Aleksei K. Tolstoi, Russian poet and writer, born in St. Petersburg, Russia (d. 1875) [NS]
- Sep 6 Alexander Tilloch Galt, Canadian politician, a father of Canadian Confederation, born in Chelsea, England (d. 1893)
- Sep 7 Louise of Hesse-Kassel, Queen of Denmark, born in Kassel, Electorate of Hesse, Imperial Confederate of Germany (d. 1898)
- Sep 9 Speed Smith Fry, American lawyer, judge, and Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Mercer County, Kentucky (d. 1892)
- Sep 13 John M. Palmer, American politician (U.S. Senator from Illinois) and American Civil War General (Union), born in Eagle Creek, Kentucky (d. 1900)
- Sep 14 Theodor Storm, German judge and author (Immensee, Der Schimmelreiter), born in Husum, Germany (d. 1888)
- Sep 21 Carter L. Stevenson, American Major General (Confederate Army), born in Fredericksburg, Virginia (d. 1888)
- Sep 21 Charles Balmer, German composer, born in Göttingen, Kingdom of Hanover (d. 1892)
- Sep 23 Léon Kreutzer, French composer and music critic, born in Paris France (d. 1868)
- Sep 24 Ramón de Campoamor y Campoosorio, Spanish poet (Doloras), born in Navia, Spain (d. 1901)
- Oct 2 Gunnar Wennerberg, Swedish poet and composer, born in Lidköping, Sweden (d. 1901)
- Oct 5 Eduard Franck, German composer, born in Breslau, Kingdom of Prussia (d. 1893)
- Oct 7 Bushrod Rust Johnson, American general in the Confederate Army, served under General Lee, born in Belmont County, Ohio (d. 1880)
- Oct 10 C. H. D. Buys Ballot, Dutch meteorologist (Buys Ballot's law), born in Kloetinge, Netherlands (d. 1890)
- Oct 17 Samuel Ringgold Ward, American Black abolitionist, minister and orator (Autobiography of a Fugitive Negro), born in Maryland (d. 1866)
- Oct 17 Syed Ahmad Khan, Indian Muslim intellectual and one of the founding fathers of the Pakistan movement, born in Delhi, Mughal Empire (d. 1898)
- Oct 23 Pierre Larousse, French lexicographer, born in Toucy, France (d. 1875)
- Oct 24 Hippolyte Mège-Mouriés, French chemist and inventor of margarine, born in Draguignan, France (d. 1880)
- Oct 27 Anton de Kontski [Antoni Kątski], Polish-American pianist and composer (Awakening Of The Lion), born in Kraków, Poland (d. 1899)
- Oct 30 Hermann Kopp, German chemist (Jahresbericht of Chemistry), born in Hanau, Hesse-Kassel, Germany (d. 1892)
- Nov 8 Claudius W. Sears, American Brigadier General (Confederate Army), born in Peru, Massachusetts (d. 1891)
- Nov 8 Théodore-Joseph Canneel, Flemish painter, born in Ghent, Belgium (d. 1892)
- Nov 9 Edward Richard Sprigg Canby, American Major General (Union Army), born in Piatt's Landing, Kentucky (d. 1873)
- Nov 12 Bahá'u'lláh, Iranian religious leader, prophet founder of the Baha'i Faith, born in Tehran, Iran (d. 1892)
- Nov 12 Carlo Pedrotti, Italian composer, associate of Verdi, born in Verona, Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia, Austrian Empire (d. 1893)
- Nov 12 Martin Gustav Nottebohm, German composer, born in Lüdenscheid, Province of Westphalia, Kingdom of Prussia (d. 1882)
- Nov 21 Richard B. Garnett, American Confederate Brigadier General, born in Essex County, Virginia (d. 1863)
- Nov 24 Juan de la Cruz Ignacio Moreno y Maisonave, Guatemalan-Spanish Cardinal (Archbishop of Toledo, first Cardinal born in America and of Creole parents), born in Guatemala (d. 1884)
- Nov 25 John Bigelow, American statesman and author, born in Bristol, New York (d. 1911)
Theodor Mommsen(1817-1903)
Nov 30 Germanhistorian and scholar (A History of Rome) who won the 1902 Nobel Prize in Literature, born in Garding, Duchy of Schleswig
- Dec 2 Heinrich von Sybel, German historian (Geschichte des ersten Kreuzzugs), born in Düsseldorf, Kingdom of Prussia (d. 1895)
- Dec 8 Christian Emil Krag-Juel-Vind-Frijs, Danish nobleman and politician (Council President of Denmark 1865-70), born in Frijsenborg, Denmark (d. 1896)
- Dec 19 James Jay Archer, American Brigadier General in the Confederate Army, captured during the Battle of Gettysburg, born in Stafford, Maryland (d. 1864)
20-29
30-39
40-49
50-59
80-89
Over 90