Every query consists ofclauses - SELECT, FROM, WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING and ORDER BY, and each clause consists of JPQL / Criteria query expressions.

Atomic Expressions

The atomic query expressions are:

• JPQL / Criteria Variables
• JPQL / Criteria Parameters
• JPQL / Criteria Literals

Every query expression consists of at least one atomic component. More complex query expressions are built by combining atomic expressions with operators and functions.

Operators and Functions

JPQL / Criteria queries support the following operators (in order of decreasing precedence):

• Navigation operator (.)
• Arithmetic operators:
  * (multiplication),/ (division), + (addition) and- (subtraction).
• Comparison operators:
  =, <>, <, <=,>, >=, IS [NOT] NULL, [NOT] BETWEEN,
  including Collection operators: [NOT] IN, IS [NOT] EMPTY, [NOT] MEMBER [OF]
  and the[NOT] LIKE operator.
• Logical operators: AND, OR, NOT.

In addition, JPA queries support predefined functions, which are also described in this section.

Organization of this Section

This section contains the following pages:

Detailed explanations on how to build criteria query expressions are provided as follows:

• Literals and Dates (literal,nullLiteral,currentDate, ...).
• Paths, navigation and types (get,type).
• Arithmetic expressions (sum,diff,prod,quot,mod,abs,neg,sqrt).
• String expressions (like,length,locate,lower,upper,concat,substring, ...).
• Data expressions (currentDate,currentTime,currentTimestamp).
• Collection expressions (isEmpty,isNotEmpty,isMember,isNotMember,size).
• Comparison expressions (equal,notEqual,gt,ge,lt,le,between,isNull, ...)
• Logical expressions (and,or,not,isTrue).