Human shield

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• Work cat.: 2010403453: Hamas exploitation of civilians as human shields, 2009:text (Tactic used by terrorist organizations aka use of civilians as human shields)
• Wikipedia, Human shield, June 06, 2010:text (a military and political term describing the deliberate placement of civilians in or around combat targets to deter an enemy from attacking those targets)

A human shield is a non-combatant (or a group of non-combatants) who either volunteers or is forced to shield a legitimate military target in order to deter the enemy from attacking it. The 20th and 21st centuries had numerous operations that used involuntary human shields. Use of voluntary human shields have also had use, particularly with Mahatma Gandhi using the concept as a tool of resistance.