Emergence (Philosophy)

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• Work cat.: 2006009453: The reemergence of emergence, 2006:ECIP galley (Emergent evolution, emergent philosophy, emergent structure)
• Concept of emergence Web site, Mar. 22, 2006.
• Stanford encycl. of philosophy via WWW, Mar. 22, 2006(Emergent properties. Emergence is a notorious philosphical term of art. Emergence within discussions of the behavior of complex systems ... is a layered view of nature. Emergent laws are fundamental; they are irreducible to laws characterizing properties at lower levels of complexity, even given ideal information as to boundary conditions. Emergentism)
• Web. 3(emergence: def. 1a The appearance of an emergent or the process of emerging--compare emergent evolution. Emergent evolution: evolution conceived as characterized by the appearance at different levels of wholly new and unpredictable characters or qualities (as life and consciousness) through a rearrangement of preexistent entities--compare creative evolution.)

Emergentism is the philosophical theory that higher-level properties or phenomena emerge from more basic components, and that these emergent properties are not fully reducible to or predictable from those lower-level parts. A property of a system is said to be emergent if it is a new outcome of some other properties of the system and their interaction, while it is itself different from them. Within the philosophy of science, emergentism is analyzed both as it contrasts with and parallels reductionism. This philosophical theory suggests that higher-level properties and phenomena arise from the interactions and organization of lower-level entities yet are not reducible to these simpler components. It emphasizes the idea that the whole is more than the sum of its parts.