Thiols

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• Inter. dict. med. biol.(thiol: any compound containing the -S-H group, or that group itself. Also called mercaptan.)
• Hawley's cond. chem. dict.(thiol: suffix indicating that a substance belongs to the group of organic compounds resembling alcohols but having the oxygen group replaced by sulfur. Thiol replaced mercaptan.)
• Oxford dict. of chem., 2000(thiols (mercaptans, thiol alcohols): organic compounds that contain the group -SH. Thiols are alcohol analogues in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur atom. Unlike alcohols they are acidic, reacting with alkalis and certain metals to form salt-like compounds. The older name, mercaptan, comes from their ability to react with ('seize') mercury.)

In organic chemistry, a thiol (; from Ancient Greek θεῖον (theion) 'sulfur'), or thiol derivative, is any organosulfur compound of the form R−SH, where R represents an alkyl or other organic substituent. The −SH functional group itself is referred to as either a thiol group or a sulfhydryl group, or a sulfanyl group. Thiols are the sulfur analogue of alcohols (that is, sulfur takes the place of oxygen in the hydroxyl (−OH) group of an alcohol), and the word is a blend of "thio-" with "alcohol". Many thiols have strong odors resembling that of garlic, cabbage or rotten eggs. Thiols are used as odorants to assist in the detection of natural gas (which in pure form is odorless). The smell of natural gas is due to the addition of thiol.