Kuula, Toivo, 1883-1918

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• Krohn, A. On meidät vihurit valinneet, c1983:t.p. (Toivo Kuula) p. 5 (composer)
• LC data base, 11-5-84(hdg.: Kuula, Toivo, 1883-1918)
• "Toivo Timoteus Kuula (7 July 1883 - 18 May 1918) was a Finnish conductor and composer. He was born in the city of Vaasa (then Nikolainkaupunki), when Finland still was a Grand Duchy under Russian rule [...] In 1909, Kuula became Jean Sibelius's first composition student [...] He died in the provincial hospital in Viipuri in 1918 after being mortally wounded 18 days earlier on Walpurgis Night by a bullet fired by a Jäger. The bullet was fired as a result of a quarrel that happened at the Hotel Seurahuone in conjunction with the first victory celebration of the White victory in the Civil War of Finland" ( (Wikipedia, viewed 30.11.2014:) )

Toivo Timoteus Kuula (7 July 1883 – 18 May 1918) was a Finnish composer and conductor of the late-Romantic and early-modern periods, who emerged in the wake of Jean Sibelius, under whom he studied privately from 1906 to 1908. The core of Kuula's oeuvre are his many works for voice and orchestra, in particular the Stabat mater (1914–18; completed by Madetoja), The Sea-Bathing Maidens (1910), Son of a Slave (1910), and The Maiden and the Boyar's Son (1912). In addition he also composed two Ostrobothnian Suites for orchestra and left an unfinished symphony at the time of his murder in 1918 in a drunken quarrel.