Crabgrasses (Digitaria spp.) are invasive upland weeds distributed globally. Here, the authors assemble a telomere-to-telomere reference genome ofD. sanguinalis along with its diploid and tetraploid progenitors and reveal lineage-specific introgression of a herbicide resistance-associated gene through population genetics analyses.

In this study, the authors use mathematical modelling and analysis to understand how mutations spread through populations that are expanding in space. The results shed light on the evolution of biological systems such as tumours, bacterial colonies, and invasive species.

A distinctive population with high hunter-gatherer ancestry persisted 3,000 years later than in most European regions, contributing to later Lower Rhine–Meuse Bell Beaker users.

By generating whole genomes of 150 participants representing 12 Khoe-San click-speaking groups, the authors, reveal over 1.3 million unknown DNA variants, distinct San and here described Damara genetic trajectories, while achieving century-long global predominance.

Population genomic data from five species of brood parasitic birds, representing three independent origins of the trait, enabled the identification of shared signatures of natural selection reflecting repeated adaptation in species with this lifestyle. This repeated signal of adaptation is present in particular in genes involved in spermatogenesis and neural development.

To inform deliberations around use of the Human Genome Diversity Project (HGDP) and related legacy data, we conducted a literature review of HGDP-derived data use from 2010 to 2024. Our analysis suggests broad re-use, possibly inconsistent with the original consent understandings. We urge caution with use of those data and similar datasets of unclear provenance.

Population genetics simulations and experimental evolution in yeast reconcile the apparent contradiction between high levels of beneficial mutations observed in the laboratory and long-term evolutionary patterns that mimic neutrality.