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Chalcocite

A valid IMA mineral species
This page kindly sponsored byMark Kucera
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Named chalcosine in 1832 by François Sulpice Beudant from Greek, "chalkos", copper. This mineral was known by a wide variety of names previously. In 1868, James D. Dana and George J. Brush renamed this material "chalcocite".
Dimorph of:
Wuyanzhiite
Chalcocite-Yarrowite Series.

A secondary mineral in or near the oxidized zone of copper sulfide deposits. Hexagonal above 105°C ('High-chalcocite').
Easily confused withdjurleite.
Chalcocite easily converts to djurleite under the electron beam through the rearrangement of Cu atoms (Pósfai and Buseck, 1994).

Small amounts of the Cu2S phase may deposit from supersaturated volcanic gas, as shown in an experiment (Africano et al., 2002; 300-700oC deposition range for this particular experiment).

CompareUM2003-43-S:CuFePdPt.

Often forms mixtures with anilite, covellite, digenite, djurleite, spionkopite, and or yarrowite.


Unique Identifiers2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2Oα-ChalcociteA synonym ofDigeniteCu9S5

IMA Classification of Chalcocite

Classification of Chalcocite

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
A : With Cu, Ag, Au
Dana 8th ed.:
2.4.7.1

2 : SULFIDES
4 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:1
Hey's CIM Ref.:
3.1.1

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
1 : Sulphides etc. of Cu

Mineral SymbolsJolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of Chalcocite
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Blue black, gray, black, black gray, or steel gray
Streak:
Blackish lead gray
Hardness:
2½ - 3 onMohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=84 - 87 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
Indistinct on (110)
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Comment:
Somewhat sectile
Density:
5.5 - 5.8 g/cm3 (Measured)    5.8 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Chalcocite
Common Impurities:
Fe

Crystallography of Chalcocite
Click on an icon to view
Chalcocite no.48 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Chalcocite - Multiple twin on {110}
Chalcocite - Penetration twin on {032}
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided bywww.smorf.nl.

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Edge Lines |Miller Indices |Axes

Transparency
Opaque |Translucent |Transparent

View
Along a-axis |Along b-axis |Along c-axis |Start rotation |Stop rotation

Crystal StructureFlambeau, Rusk County, Wisconsin, USA 713
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
8.485 Å(2)
6.379 Å(3)
4.668 Å(2)
4.239 Å(4)
3.855 Å(3)
3.817 Å(3)
3.779 Å(2)
3.735 Å(25)
3.599 Å(13)
3.577 Å(2)
3.558 Å(2)
3.373 Å(3)
3.336 Å(6)
3.315 Å(18)
3.276 Å(35)
3.188 Å(18)
3.171 Å(2)
2.7256 Å(35)
3.158 Å(25)
3.121 Å(2)
3.054 Å(13)
2.9516 Å(18)
2.9328 Å(13)
2.8860 Å(6)
2.8686 Å(4)
2.8628 Å(3)
2.8267 Å(2)
2.7648 Å(13)
2.7318 Å(9)
2.7256 Å(35)
2.6973 Å(2)
2.6675 Å(18)
2.6504 Å(3)
2.6432 Å(4)
2.6204 Å(18)
2.6110 Å(2)
2.5621 Å(6)
2.5329 Å(13)
2.5273 Å(18)
2.4772 Å(18)
2.4698 Å(4)
2.4616 Å(2)
2.4490 Å(2)
2.4074 Å(50)
2.4030 Å(70)
2.3996 Å(35)
2.3725 Å(4)
2.366 Å(3)
2.3303 Å(25)
2.2424 Å(13)
2.2183 Å(3)
2.2122 Å(4)
2.2097 Å(35)
2.1821 Å(6)
2.1375 Å(3)
2.1261 Å(3)
2.1197 Å(9)
2.0969 Å(3)
2.0930 Å(2)
2.0470 Å(3)
2.0277 Å(6)
2.0108 Å(9)
2.0025 Å(4)
1.9920 Å(3)
1.9886 Å(4)
1.9812 Å(9)
1.9746 Å(70)
1.9610 Å(4)
1.9513 Å(13)
1.9211 Å(2)
1.9110 Å(6)
1.9088 Å(6)
1.8942 Å(4)
1.8811 Å(70)
1.8800 Å(100)
Comments:
ICDD 33-490. Low chalcocite. XRD similar to djurleite.

Geological Environment

Other Language Names for Chalcocite

Varieties of ChalcociteHarrisite (of Dana)Pseudomorph of chalcocite aftergalena.
At the Osarizawa mine, Japan,djurleite pseudos after galena were also called "harrisite" (Alfredo Petrov).

Note thatHarrisite is also a rock name.Para-KupferglanzParamorphs of Chalcocite after High-ChalcociteSilver-bearing ChalcociteA silver-bearing variety of chalcocite.
Probably a mixture.Sooty chalcociteA black, pulverent variety of chalcocite of supergene origin.

Relationship of Chalcocite to other Species
Other Members of Chalcocite-Digenite Group:
DigeniteCu9S5Trig.3m(32/m) :R3m
DjurleiteCu31S16Mon. 2/m
RoxbyiteCu58S32Tric.1 :P1
YarrowiteCu9S8Trig.3m(32/m) :P3m1
Structurally related to group(s):
Chalcocite-Digenite Group
Forms a series with:
YarrowiteChalcocite-Yarrowite Series

Common AssociatesTrig.3m(32/m) :R3c2.BA.AlburniteAg8GeTe2S4Iso.2.BA.DzierżanowskiteCaCu2S2Trig.3m(32/m) :P3m12.BA.XuwenyuaniteAg9Fe3+Te2S4Iso.43m :F43m2.BA.Orileyite(Fe,Cu)2As2.BA.Juxingite Bi6Cu140Fe30S125Iso.43m :F43m2.BA.05DjurleiteCu31S16Mon. 2/m2.BA.05GeeriteCu8S5Trig.32.BA.05RoxbyiteCu58S32Tric.1 :P12.BA.10DigeniteCu9S5Trig.3m(32/m) :R3m2.BA.10AniliteCu7S4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma2.BA.15BorniteCu5FeS4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pbca2.BA.20BellidoiteCu2SeTet. 4/m :P42/n2.BA.20BerzelianiteCu2-xSe (x ≈ 0.12)Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fm3m2.BA.25AthabascaiteCu5Se4Orth.2.BA.25UmangiteCu3Se2Tet.42m :P421m2.BA.30RickarditeCu7Te5Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pmmn2.BA.30WeissiteCu2-xTeHex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) :P6/mmm2.BA.35AcanthiteAg2SMon. 2/m :P21/m2.BA.35SpryiteAg8(As3+0.5As5+0.5)S6Orth.mm2 :Pna212.BA.40dUM2003-13-S:AgAuCuAg6AuCu2S52.BA.40MckinstryiteAg5-xCu3+xS4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma2.BA.40StromeyeriteAgCuSOrth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)2.BA.42HoneaiteAu3TlTe2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pbcm2.BA.45JalpaiteAg3CuS2Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) :I41/amd2.BA.45SelenojalpaiteAg3CuSe2Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) :I41/amd2.BA.45KuriliteAg8Te3SeTrig.3 :R32.BA.47Spiridonovite(Cu1-xAgx)2TeTrig.3m(32/m) :P3c12.BA.50WuyanzhiiteCu2STet. 422 :P432122.BA.50EucairiteAgCuSeOrth.2.BA.52ArgentiteAg2SIso.2.BA.55NaumanniteAg2SeOrth. 222 :P2121212.BA.55AguilariteAg4SeSMon. 2/m2.BA.60ChenguodaiteAg9Fe3+Te2S4Orth.2.BA.60HessiteAg2TeMon. 2/m :P21/b2.BA.60CervelleiteAg4TeSMon. 2/m2.BA.65Henryite(Cu,Ag)3+xTe2 , with x ~ 0.40Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3c2.BA.65StütziteAg5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36Hex.6 :P62.BA.70ArgyroditeAg8GeS6Orth.mm2 :Pna212.BA.70Putzite(Cu4.7Ag3.3)GeS6Iso.43m :F43m2.BA.70CanfielditeAg8SnS6Orth.mm2 :Pna212.BA.75FischesseriteAg3AuSe2Iso. 432 :I41322.BA.75UytenbogaardtiteAg3AuS2Trig.3m(32/m) :R3c2.BA.75Penzhinite(Ag,Cu)4Au(S,Se)4Hex. 622 :P63222.BA.75PetrovskaiteAuAgSMon.2.BA.75PetziteAg3AuTe2Iso. 432 :I41322.BA.80Bezsmertnovite(Au,Ag)4Cu(Te,Pb)Orth.2.BA.80BilibinskitePbCu2Au3Te2Iso.2.BA.80Bogdanovite(Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe)Iso.

Fluorescence of Chalcocite

Other Information
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    • References for ChalcociteⓘBorder-Side Cu occurrenceOrris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Stephen G. Peters et al. (2011)+1 other referenceOrris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Cox et al. (2003)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Coats et al. (2006)+1 other referenceOrris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)Orris et al. (2002)
    Albania
     
    Kaza et al. (2012)
    Algeria
     
    U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report ...U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report ...U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report ...U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report ...U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report ...Louha+5 other references
    Angola
     
    Cox et al. (2003)Cox et al. (2003)+1 other referenceKing (n.d.)
    Antarctica
     
    HawkesEdited by Rowley+1 other reference
    Arctic Ocean
     
    Sahlström et al. (2022)Snook et al. (2018)
    Argentina
     
    Singer et al. (2008)Proffett (2003)+1 other referenceRecursos Minerales de la Republica ...+1 other referenceMARQUEZ-ZAVALIAPUTZ+1 other referenceMárquez-Zavalía et al. (2020)Márquez-Zavalía et al. (2020)Marquez-Zavalia et al. (2007)Singer et al. (2008)Raúl Jorge Tauber LarryRaúl Jorge Tauber LarryNatalia Salado Paz et al. (2011)Bordese et al. (2016)FOGLIATA ...+1 other referenceSureda (1978)Cerny et al. (2003)Zappettini et al. (2014)+2 other referencesC. S. Lurgo Mayón (1999)+1 other reference4 Congreso Nacional y 1 Congreso ...+1 other referenceSaravia (1960)Saravia (1960)Raúl Jorge Tauber LarryVictorio Angelelli (1958)Angelelli (1984)Brodtkorb et al. (1999)Singer et al. (2005)Paar et al. (2002)de Brodtkorb+2 other referencesBrodtkorb (2002)Garrido+4 other referencesBrodtkorb (2002)Grundmann et al. (2018)Ana Cecilia Mugas Lobos et al. (2012)American Mineralogist: 51: 1-13Crosta et al. (2015)Rubinstein et al. (2004)KOSTADINOFFRainoldi et al. (2024)Garrido et al. (2008)PONSSinger et al. (2008)Raúl Jorge Tauber LarryBrodtkorb (2002)Brodtkorb (2006)Hayase et al. (1978)+1 other referenceBrodtkorb (1963)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Brodtkorb (2002)AmarSinger et al. (2008)Mineralium Deposita 42 (2007)Zwahlen et al. (2014)Singer et al. (2008)Bedlivy et al. (1972)+3 other referencesFebruary 2009+3 other referencesSinger et al. (2008)Perelló et al. (2023)Sillitoe et al. (2019)William R. Gilmour et al. (2017)Brodtkorb (2002)Natural History Museum Vienna collection (catalogued in 1883)- (2009)MONTENEGRO+2 other referencesHonnorez-Guerstein (1971)Permuy Vidal et al. (2016)Páez et al. (2016)Arizmendi (1994)Peña (1970)+1 other referenceRaúl Jorge Tauber Larry´s collection ...Raúl Jorge Tauber LarryRaúl Jorge Tauber LarryRaúl Jorge Tauber Larry´s collection+1 other reference
    Armenia
     
    Kolpakova et al. (2001)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Mederer et al. (2014)+1 other referenceMederer et al. (2014)+2 other referencesMederer et al. (2014)Moritz et al. (2016)Valls et al. (2013)Moritz et al. (2016)Hovakimyan et al. (2019)Hovakimyan et al. (2019)Singer et al. (2008)+1 other referenceKhachaturian (1958)Mederer et al. (2014)+2 other referencesSinger et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)+1 other referenceKukulyan (1988)Hovakimyan et al. (2019)
    Atlantic Ocean
     
    Firstova et al. (2016)Mozgova et al. (2007)Canadian Mineralogist: 34: 23-28.+1 other referenceGablina et al. (2017)Bortnikov et al. (2001)+2 other referencesFirstova et al. (2019)Bortnikov et al. (2006, July)Sharkov et al. (2007)Dekov et al. (h-Cu6Sn5)+1 other referenceLehrmann et al. (2018)Gablina et al. (2017)
    Australia
     
    Stevens (1972)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Seccombe et al. (2005)Singer et al. (2005)LiversidgeSinger et al. (2005)Stevens (1972)Stevens (1972)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Gilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Metallogenic Study of Dubbo et al. (1975)Wagga Wagga Mine Data SheetsWagga Wagga Mine Data SheetsGilligan (1975)Quan et al. (2025)Brown et al. (2001)Henley et al. (2001)Brown et al. (2001)Brown et al. (2001)Brown et al. (2001)Henley et al. (2001)NSW Geological Survey GS 1967/002+1 other referenceGilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)+1 other referenceGilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1992)Gilligan et al. (1992)Gilligan et al. (1992)Gilligan et al. (1992)Gilligan et al. (1992)Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Warwick-Tweed Heads Metallogenic Map (SH/56-2, SH/56-3)+1 other referenceHenley et al. (2001)Henley et al. (2001)Gilligan (1975)Byrnes (1993)Byrnes (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Narromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsGilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Narromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsNarromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsGilligan et al. (1993)Quan et al. (2025)Quan et al. (2021)+1 other referenceHenley et al. (2001)Madayag et al. (2021)+1 other referenceMunro-Smith (2006)Henley et al. (2001)Henley et al. (2001)Gilligan et al. (1992)Weber et al. (1972)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Felton E. Anne (1975)Stevens (1972)Stevens (1972)Downes et al. (2004)Downes et al. (2004)Downes et al. (2004)Rutter 2009Hobby (2010)Lawrence et al. (1962)Brown et al. (1997)Henley et al. (2001)Henley et al. (2001)Markham et al. (1965)+1 other referenceBrown et al. (1992)+1 other referenceNarromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsNarromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsGilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Narromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsMcLean et al. (2004)+1 other referenceLyeNarromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsNarromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsNarromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsNarromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsNarromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsNarromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsNarromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsNSW Geological Survey report 1970/657 ...NSW Geological Survey Report GS 1970/657Gilligan et al. (1995)McKinnon et al. (2017)Gilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)+1 other referenceGilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Gilligan et al. (1993)Brown et al. (1992)Gilligan (1975)Gilligan (1975)Gilligan (1975)Gilligan (1975)Gilligan (1975)NSW Geological survey report GS 1975/190Gilligan (1975)Narromine 1:250 000 Mine Data SheetsNarromine 1:250 000 Mine Data Sheets+1 other referenceGilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)+3 other referencesGilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)+1 other referenceGilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Leverett et al. (2003)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Gilligan et al. (1995)Stevens (1972)Stevens (1972)Gilligan et al. (1992)Gilligan et al. (1992)Gilligan (1975)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Department of MinesEdwards (1953)+1 other referenceDownes (2007)Downes (2007)Wagga Wagga Mine Data SheetsBirch et al. (1997)Ramdohr (1950)Museum Victoria collectionMines of the Broken Hill District+1 other referenceMines of the Broken Hill DistrictByrnes (1993)Markham et al. (1975)Basedow (1924)+2 other referencesRyan (1961)Ryan (1961)Ryan (1961)Ryan (1961)Ryan (1961)Ryan (1961)Ryan (1961)- (2023)+1 other referenceHuston et al. (1993)- (2023)+1 other referenceOwen (1940)+1 other reference- (2023)+1 other reference- (2023)+1 other reference- (2023)+1 other referenceFerenezi et al. (1998)Bamford (1973)Huston et al. (1993)Dirks (1991)Mackie (1986)Warren (1980)Skwarnecki (2004)ModatZia U. BajwahHuckitta 1996Huckitta 1996Huckitta 1996Huckitta 1996Huckitta 1996Zia U. BajwahHuckitta 1996Zia U. BajwahHuckitta 1996Bajwah Z.U. (1996)Bajwah Z.U. (1996)Bennett et al. (2017)Huckitta 1996Dickson (1989)revisions in 2014 by DeYoung+1 other referenceRohde (2010)Tate Museum CollectionShaw (1970)Shaw (1970)Shaw (1970)Shaw (1970)Shaw (1970)Shaw (1970)Shaw (1970)Shaw (1970)Shaw (1970)Shaw (1970)Shaw (1970)Clarke (1971)Rodhe (2005)Munro-Smith (2006)W J Fraser (1975)D.A.Berkman (1968)McLaughlin et al. (2012)Warren et al. (1974)Warren et al. (1974)- (2023)+1 other reference- (2023)+1 other referenceHein (1994)Hein (1994)- (2023)+1 other referencewww.portergeo.com.au and ...Bajwah (2007)Petrella (2015)Ahmad et al.+1 other referenceMcKay et al. (2001)Econ Geol (1987)Brickell (1980)+1 other referenceOrr et al. (2004)Jun Lei (2001)Queensland Government Department of ...de Keyser (1958)www.buka.com.au (n.d.)Richardson et al. (1997)+1 other referenceLavinsky (n.d.)+1 other referenceSorrell (n.d.)Day et al. (1996)Grondijs+1 other referenceAIMM mong.1965Riley (1978)1976 Geological Investigations North West Queensland (Australia)Crane et al. (2001)Munro-Smith (2006)S. Rust collectionLeahey T.A. et al. (2010)Lawrence et al (1998)Queensland Government Department of ...+1 other referenceQueensland Government Department of ...Queensland Government Department of ...Queensland Government Department of ...Queensland Government Department of ...Marshall et al. (2006)Raymond (1992)Brown et al. (2010)Carroll (2002)Rotherham (1997)Munro-Smith (2006)Munro-Smith (2006)Davis et al. (1998)Harvey (1989)Pavel M. Kartashov analythical data of ...Nethery et al. (1998)Harris et al. (2003)- (1998)Anderson et al. (4)Lehrmann (2012)Den (1977)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Qld Dept of MinesEcon Geol (1980)Singer et al. (2008)Lawrence (2000)Sahlström et al. (2017)Sorrell (n.d.)Brown (1908)Brown (1908)Griessmann (2011)SA Mine department records (SARIG)+1 other referenceGriessmann (2011)Brown (1908)Record of Mines - Mine Summary Card ...Record of Mines+1 other referenceRecord of Mines - Summary CardDeposit Number: 7219+2 other referencesWilson (2019)Deposit Number: 7247+1 other referenceRecord of mines (1980)Keeling et al. (2003)SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...SARIG Record of Mines Summary Card 114.RB94/00041+2 other referencesSA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...Record of Mines Summary Card No: 86[Re-entry of old Mindat data (sample in collection of Museum Victoria?)Brown H.Y.L (1884)Noble et al. (1983)+2 other referencesRecord of Mines - Summary Card 151SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...+1 other referenceRowlands et al. (1972)SA Geodata Database (2016)Deposit Number: 1928+1 other referenceRecord of mines - Summary card No:25Record of mines - Summary card No:32Record of mines - Summary card No:37+1 other referenceRecord of Mines - Summary Card No:47Record of mines (1980)Record of mines (1980)Record of mines - Summary card No:91SA Geodata Database+1 other referenceAm Min 59:307-313SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...Brown (1908)+1 other referenceRecord Of Mines - Summary CardSARIG Mineral DepositSA Geodata: Record of Mines - Summary ...Record of Mines – Summary Card No:32 ...SARIG Mineral Deposit InformationRecord Of Mines - Summary CardSA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...Francis (2013)Record of mines - Summary card No:4Singer et al. (2008) ...Regional and Economic Geology of The ...+1 other referenceSA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...+1 other referenceJohnson et al. (1969)SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...Coats et al. (1971)+1 other referenceBrown (1908)Coats et al. (1971)SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...+1 other referenceSA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...Brown (1908)+1 other referenceRecord of Mines – Summary Card No:87SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...+1 other referenceSA Geodata Database - deposit 3212.SARIG Mineral Deposit InformationSA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...Munro-Smith (2006)SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...+1 other referenceBrown (1908)Brown (1908)SA Geodata Database - deposit 4212Record of mines - Summary card No:297Barnes (1969)Mount Woods Inlier et al. (Honors thesis)+1 other referenceSA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...+1 other referenceMissen et al. (2023)Record of mines - Summary card No:219Sorrell (n.d.)G.S. Teale and A.M. Brewer (2003)SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...Francis (2010)SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...+1 other referenceSA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...Belperio et al. (2007)+1 other referenceNoble et al. (1983)+1 other referenceSA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...Brown (1908)SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...Brown (1908)SA Geodata Database Deposit Number: 4296Record of Mines summary card - deposit ...SA Geodata Database Deposit Number: ...SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...Brown (1908)Record of Mines-Summary Card No:60SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...crcleme.org.au (2004)Noble et al. (1983)+1 other reference ...USGS Open File Report 81-1666+8 other referencesVella et al. (2012)+3 other referencesHartley 1990minerals.sarig.sa.gov.au (n.d.)Brown (1908)+1 other referenceHartley 1990SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...The mines & minerals of the Olary ...HYL BrownThe mines & minerals of the Olary ...Nikolakopoulos (2013)SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...Record of mines (1980)Record of mines - Summary card No:186Brown (1908)SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...+2 other referencesJohnson (1981)Deposit Number: 7002+1 other referenceportergeo.com.au (2016)Deposit Number: 5105+1 other referenceSA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...+2 other referencesRossBottrill et al. (2008)Bottrill et al. (2008)Griffin (1982)- (1998)www.crocoite.com (2001)Bottrill+1 other referenceRalph Bottrill et al in prep.+1 other referenceMarkham et al. (1965)Bottrill et al. (2008)Bottrill R. and Olubas PBottrill et al. (2008)Bottrill et al. (2008)Bottrill et al. (2008)AGSO Research Newsletter May 2000G.W.Cochrane 1982. CopperSinger et al. (2008)Victoria Museum SpecimenMapani et al. (1994)A Radojkovic - 2003 - THURSDAYS GOSSAN ...+1 other referenceBirch et al. (1993)+1 other referenceXavier Webb+1 other referenceNickel et al. (1993)Ferguson (1999)Nickel et al. (1993)Min. Record 24 (1993)Ferguson (1999)Marston (1979)Ferguson (1999)Martin et al. (2005)Marston (1979)Maitland (1919)Marston (1979)Abbott et al. (2010)Simpson (1952)Nickel (1987)Maitland (1919)Low (1963)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Maitland (1919)Ferguson (1999)Ferguson (1999)Mock (1987)Marston (1979)Copper Mineralisation in Western ...Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Gibb-Maitland (1908)Simpson (1948)www.venturexresources.com.au (n.d.)Gibb-Maitland (1908)Simpson (1948)Collins et al. (2004)+1 other referenceNaldrett (2004)Jacobson et al. (2007)Nickel et al. (1994)www.silverlakeresources.com.auSimpson (1948)Simpson Mineral Collection of the ...+1 other referenceSimpson (1948)Marston (1979)Ferguson (1999)Hancock et al. (2007)Secondar Minerals from the Braeside ...+4 other referencesAustralian Journal of Mineralogy+3 other referencesminedex.dmirs.wa.gov.au (2020)+1 other referenceCopper Mineralisation in Western ...Ferguson (1999)Marston (1979)Marston (1979)+1 other referenceMarston (1979)Marston (1979)+1 other referenceHuston (2007)Downes et al. (2006)Moore (2001)+1 other referenceMarston (1979)+1 other referencewww.portergeo.com.au (n.d.)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Huston (2007)MacLeod (1991)Copper Mineralisation in Western ...+1 other referenceAGSO (1993)Marston (1979)3D Resources Limited (2016)Ferguson (1999)Orth (2002)ASGO (1993)Marston (1979)Barry (1974)+1 other referenceMoeskops et al. (1977)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Marston (1984)Ravensgate Mining Consultants (2007)Salama et al. (2021)Ben GrguricFerguson (1999)Simpson (1948)October 1981+3 other referencesSimpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Marston (1979)Simpson (1948)Marston (1979)Ferguson (1999)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Ferguson (1999)www.sipa.com.au (n.d.)Marston (1979)Mining company reports on the location ...Thompson+1 other referenceHorseshoe Gold-Copper-Silver Deposit+3 other referencesSimpson (1948)Salama et al. (2025)Salama et al. (2025)Douglas GB et al. (1993)www.redstone.com.au (n.d.)Simpson (1948)Blockley (1971)Simpson (1952)Downes et al. (2017)Simpson (1948)www.prospectresources.com.au (n.d.)Marston (1979)Ferguson (1999)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Ferguson (1999)Ferguson (1999)Rio Tinto website (www.riotinto.com)+1 other referenceSimpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1928)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1952)Simpson (1948)Jorgensen et al. (2017)Simpson (1948)Marston (1979)Grguric et al. (2013)Grguric (2003)Downes et al. (2011)Dow et al. (1969)Marston (1979)Stephen J Godden (2008)Copper Mineralisation in Western ...Marston (1979)Abeysinghe et al. (1997)
    Austria
     
    Unger (1967)Niedermayr et al. (1995)H. Meixner: Carinthia II (1957)Meixner (1956)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Blaß et al. (1997)Brandstätter et al. (2011)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Exel (1993)Sigmund (1911)+1 other referenceTufar (1966)Kolitsch (2014)Strasser (1989)Meixner (1978)+1 other referenceStrasser (1989)Strasser (1989)Strasser (1989)Strasser (1989)Viertler (2009)Viertler (2009)Strasser (1989)Strasser (1989)Strasser (1989)Bojar (2021)Kolitsch (2023)Strasser (1989)Strasser (1989)Strasser (1989)C.Auer (2016)Strasser (1989)Mrazek et al. (1992)Niedermayr et al. (2009)C.Auer (2019)J. TAUCHER & W. H. PAAR (1993)Strasser (1989)Kolitsch et al. (2012)Strasser (1989)Postl et al. (1997)Gerald Gesselbauer (06.2010)+1 other referenceTaucher (1999)matrixx 5Chris Auer collectionWasserthal (1985)Raith et al. (2015)Paar et al. (1979)+1 other referencePaar et al. (1979)Paar et al. (1979)Taucher (1989)Moser & Postl (1990)+1 other referenceKolitsch (2010)Kolitsch (2010)Wetzenstein (1972)Vavtar (1986)50.+1 other referenceNEINAVAIE et al. (1999)- (1994, July)Schnorrer et al. (2005)Schnorrer+Poeverlein (2005)Schnorrer et al. (2002)- (1994, July)- (1994, July)KRAINER (1982)+1 other referenceHADITSCH et al. (1993)Exel (1993)Exel (1993)Wenger (1973)www.mineralienatlas.de (n.d.)Exel (1993)Strasser (2008)Arthofer et al. (2019)Arthofer et al. (2011)Krause et al. (2025)Krause et al. (2025)Angerer et al. (1976)ANGERER et al. (1976)
    Azerbaijan
     
    - (2005)+1 other referenceArık et al. (2022)Carnegie Museum of Natural History ...Singer et al. (2008)Guseinov (2024)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)+2 other referencesSinger et al. (2008)Mansurov et al. (2018)
    Bailiwick of Guernsey
     
    Ixer et al. (1983)
    Belgium
     
    Singer et al. (2008)Hatert et al. (2014)Firket (1883)+2 other referencesMichel Blondieau.+5 other referencesHatert et al. (2002)Buttgenbach (1921)+2 other referencesBlondieau (2005)Blondieau (2005)Blondieau (1997)
    Bolivia
     
    Geology and Mineral Resources of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental (USGS Bulletin no. 1975)+1 other referenceAhlfeld (1955)Ahlfeld et al. (1964)+1 other referencePavel M. Kartashov analytical dataU.S. Geological Survey and Servicio Geologico de Bolivia (1991)- (2005)- (n.d.)Federico Ahlfeld y Jorge Muñoz Reyes (1955)J. T. Singewald Jr. & Edward Berry (1922)Geology and Mineral Resources of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental (USGS Bulletin no. 1975)Geology and Mineral Resources of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental (USGS Bulletin no. 1975)Geology and Mineral Resources of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental (USGS Bulletin no. 1975)Geology and Mineral Resources of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental (USGS Bulletin no. 1975)Geology and Mineral Resources of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental (USGS Bulletin no. 1975)U.S. Geological Survey and Servicio Geologico de Bolivia (1991)- (2005)U.S. Geological Survey and Servicio Geologico de Bolivia (1991)Dr. Fritz BerndtUSGS Bulletin # 1975Ahlfeld (1955)+1 other referenceUSGS Bulletin # 1975Osvaldo R. Arce Burgoa (2007)Ahlfeld (1955)Federico Ahlfeld y Jorge Muñoz Reyes (1955)Jiménez-Franco et al. (2018)+1 other referenceJiménez-Franco et al. (2018)Jiménez-Franco et al. (2018)Ahlfeld et al. (1964)Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009)Grundmann et al. (2017)+1 other referencePetrov (n.d.)- (2005)Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998)Ahlfeld et al. (1964)USGS Bulletin #1975 (1992)Federico Ahlfeld and Alejandro Schneider-Scherbina: Los Yacimientos Minerales y de Hidrocarburos de Bolivia (1964)Smith et al. (2001)+1 other referenceGeology and Mineral Resources of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental (USGS Bulletin no. 1975)- (2005)USGS Bulletin # 1975USGS Bulletin # 1975Geology and Mineral Resources of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental (USGS Bulletin no. 1975)Geology and Mineral Resources of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental (USGS Bulletin no. 1975)Geology and Mineral Resources of the Altiplano and Cordillera Occidental (USGS Bulletin no. 1975)Donald Richter (1992)Lindgren et al. (1928)Kempff et al. (2003)
    Bosnia and Herzegovina
     
    Ljudevit BarićRadosavljevic et al. (2005)
    Botswana
     
    Cox et al. (2003)Cox et al. (2003)Constraining a genetic model for mineralisation at the Ghanzi copper–silver project et al. (Trans. Inst. Min. Metall. B)Kelepile et al. (2020)Kelepile (2017)Keeditse et al. (2022)+1 other referenceCox et al. (2003)Piestrzynski et al. (2015)
    Brazil
     
    Santos et al. (2001)Hühn et al. (2018)Bello (1986)USGS Prof Paper 550C ppC190-C196Campbell (2012)Econ Geol (1986)+2 other referencesMoura et al. (2014)Santos et al. (2023)Geologia e Recursos Minerais da Folha Vila Guarita (2005)+1 other referenceLopes et al. (2024)Slezak et al. (pdf available at https://qspace.library.queensu.ca/handle/1974/7027?mode=full)Olivo et al. (2018)Santos et al. (2023)+1 other referenceTavares et al. (2023)Berni et al. (2016)Geologia e Recursos Minerais da Folha Alta Floresta (2005)NetunoVillas et al. (2001)+3 other referencesTazava (1999)+2 other referencese Souza et al. (2020)Dressel et al. (2022)Lisboa (2018)Revista Brasileira de Geociências (1990)+2 other referencesPereira et al. (2021)Hansen et al. (2025)
    Bulgaria
     
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    Burkina Faso
     
    Bourges et al. (1998)
    Cambodia
     
    Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (1993)
    Canada
     
    personal correspondence with Giles ...+2 other referencesPeatfield (n.d.)+1 other referencePeatfield (n.d.)Webster et al. (1992)Webster et al. (1992)the world's largest besshi-type ...+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Blann et al. (2006)Singer et al. (2008)personal correspondence with Giles ...+1 other referencepersonal correspondence with Giles Peatfield (see notes in description)Montgomery (n.d.)Peatfield (n.d.)Peatfield (n.d.)GJ Simandl (1991)+1 other referencePeatfield (n.d.)Peatfield (n.d.)Peatfield (n.d.)- (n.d.)Peatfield (n.d.)Belik (1973)Peatfield (n.d.) ...+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2005)Jambor (1976)J.M. Logan and V.M. Koyanagi (1988)+2 other referencesSinger et al. (2008)Sabina (1973)- (n.d.)Singer et al. (2008)Peatfield (n.d.)personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield (see comments in description)+1 other referencePeatfield (n.d.)+1 other referencePeatfield (n.d.)personal correspondence with Giles ...+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)- (n.d.)Peatfield (n.d.)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield (see notes in description)personal correspondence with Giles ...+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Hood et al. (1991)Montgomery (n.d.)+1 other referencePeatfield (n.d.)+1 other referencePeatfield (n.d.)+1 other referenceWilton et al. (1988)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)DawsonPersonal correspondance with Giles ...Thompson (1951)Peatfield (n.d.)NI 43-101F1 Technical Report on the ...personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield (see comments in description)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)personal correspondence with Giles ...- (n.d.)Peatfield (n.d.)Singer et al. (2008)Peatfield (n.d.)Peatfield (n.d.)+1 other reference- (n.d.)Carter (1948)+1 other referenceIngelson (1984)Singer et al. (2005)personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield (see comments in description)Jambor (1960)+1 other referencecorrespondance with Giles PeatfiedJambor (1960)Nasmith (1950)De Leen (1946)Nasmith et al. (see Minfile report for Marble Bay and Copper Queen, PF )Peatfield (n.d.)Paul (1984)dnre-mrne.gnb.ca (2006)+1 other referenceAmer. Mineral. (1969)+2 other referencesSabina (1967)Sabina (1967)Henwood (1871)Sabina (2015)+1 other referenceSabina (1967)dnre-mrne.gnb.ca (2006)+1 other reference- (2022)- (2022)Lines et al. (1996)Papenfus (1931)+1 other referencePersonal correspondance with Giles Peatfield (see comments in description)Sabina (2003)Sabina (2003)Sabina (1976)Sabina (2003)Sparkes et al. (2016)Sabina (1976)+1 other referenceBadham (1975)Badham et al. (1980)Badham et al. (1980)Badham et al. (1980)Badham et al. (1980)Badham et al. 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(1979)+1 other referenceSchandl (2004)Canadian Mineralogist 45McClenaghan et al. (2020)+1 other referenceMelanson et al. (1982)Sabina (1987)Identified by Mineral Associates Inc.Can Mineral 1984 22: 13-21Ontario Dept.of MinesReiner Mielke 2013Jas. E. Thomson and S. A. Ferguson et al. (1957)+2 other referencesOntario Ministry of Northern ...Sabina (1991)Sabina (1991)Sabina (1991)Mulja & Mitchell (1990)- (1905)Watkinson et al. (1992)Sabina (1991)Mulja et al. (1990)Willet Miller (1905)+1 other referenceJas. E. Thomson and S. A. Ferguson et al. (1957)Jas. E. Thomson and S. A. Ferguson et al. (1957)159-161.+1 other referenceSabina (1974)Petruk et al. (1969)Dana 7:I:343.Petruk (1971)Sabina (2003)Reiner Mielke 2011Sabina (2003)+1 other referenceSabina (2003)+1 other referenceSabina (2003)+1 other referenceSillitoe+4 other referencesSabina (2003)+1 other referenceAm Min (1948)+1 other referenceSabina (2003)+1 other referenceSystème d'information géominière du ...Canadian Museum of Nature collectionHorváth et al. (2010)Sabina (1992)Sabina (1992)Sabina (1992)+1 other referenceGAUDARD (1993)Sabina (1967)179-181.+3 other referencesSabina (1992)Estrie and Gaspesie+2 other referencesCabral et al. (2007)Sabina (1967 & 1992)TICE (2010)SIGEOM systeme d'information geominiere ...Economic Geology (1996)+2 other referencesCote-Mantha et al. (2012)McMillan (1973)McMillan (1973)Tavchandjian (1992)www.ir.gov.sk.ca (2003)Boulanger (2012)Dieng et al. (2015)Jack F. B. Silman (1954)Sabina (1972)applications.saskatchewan.ca (n.d.)Sabina (1992)+1 other referenceSabina (1992)+1 other reference- (1998)StephenSabina (1992)+1 other referenceSinger et al. 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    Cayman Islands
     
    Webber et al. (2015)
    Chile
     
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    Colombia
     
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    Costa Rica
     
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    Croatia
     
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    Cuba
     
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    Cyprus
     
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    Dominican Republic
     
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    DR Congo
     
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    East Timor
     
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    Ecuador
     
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    Egypt
     
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    El Salvador
     
    Müller-Kahle (1962)
    Eritrea
     
    Barrie (2007)+1 other reference
    Eurasian Plate
     
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    Europe
     
    Ferenc et al. (2001)Quellmalz (1992)ATANASSOVA+3 other references
    Faroe Islands
     
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    Fiji
     
    Naden+1 other referenceForsythe et al. (2018)Leggo (1977)+1 other referenceOrovan (2016)
    Finland
     
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    France
     
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    Gabon
     
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    Georgia
     
    Ramaz Migineishvili (2005)
    Germany
     
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    Ghana
     
    Bowell et al. (1990)+1 other referenceBowell (1992)Mücke et al. (1999)
    Greece
     
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    Greenland
     
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    Guatemala
     
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    Guyana
     
    Масловский (2020)
    Haiti
     
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    Honduras
     
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    Hungary
     
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    India
     
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    Indonesia
     
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    Iran
     
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    Iraq
     
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    Ireland
     
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    Israel
     
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    Italy
     
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    Jamaica
     
    - (1911)- (1911)Porter et al. (1982)
    Japan
     
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    Jersey
     
    Mourant (1978)
    Jordan
     
    Galuskina et al. (2019)Grattan+6 other references
    Kazakhstan
     
    Singer et al. (2008)Seltmann et al. (2005)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Kalinin et al. (2018)doi.org (n.d.)+1 other referenceSaveliev et al. (2023)Saveliev et al. (2023)Singer et al. (2008)Lobanov et al. (2012)Ваулин (2016)Litvinovich et al. (1960)Chunyong Liu (2006)Singer et al. (2008)- (1998)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Dill (1999)Singer et al. (2008)Wilson (2023)Singer et al. (2008)Box+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)- (2005)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Seltmann et al. (2005)+1 other referencePekov et al. (1997)Pekov (1998)+2 other referencesSeltmann et al. (2005)+1 other reference- (2005)- (2005)Ваулин (2016)Duczmal-Czernikiewicz et al. (2021)Pavlova+8 other references
    Kyrgyzstan
     
    Filippov et al. (2013)www.imgeology.com (2013)Smolyaninova et al. (1970)+1 other referenceSmolyaninova et al. (1970)
    Laos
     
    Khoanta et al. (2016)[[1]]Gan et al. (2022)www.oxiana.com.au (n.d.)Michael StottIN (2014)Tate (2005)+1 other reference
    Luxembourg
     
    Philippo et al. (2007)Philippo Simon (éditeur)
    Madagascar
     
    Behier (1960)Behier (1963)Behier (1963)Behier (1960)Behier (1960)Behier (1963)Behier (1963)Behier (1963)Behier (1963)Behier (1963)
    Malaysia
     
    Foo (1979)Adnan et al. (2024)Ariffin (2012)Foo (1979)Foo (1979)Ariffin (2009)Teh (1981)Singer et al. (2008)Wolfram Dieter Schuh (1993)Caisheng Zhao et al. (2004)
    Mali
     
    Lawrence et al. (2013)Cox et al. (2003)
    Mauritania
     
    Marsh et al. (2015)Marsh et al. (2015)Marsh et al. (2015)Marsh et al. (2015)Marsh et al. (2015)- (2005)Marsh et al. (2015)Marsh et al. (2015)Marsh et al. (2015)Marsh et al. (2015)Marsh et al. (2015)Marsh et al. (2015)Marsh et al. (2015)Marsh et al. (2015)
    Mexico
     
    Panczner (1987)Singer et al. (2008)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)- (1911)+1 other referenceMegaw (1990)Sotelo (2016)Panczner (1987)Singer et al. (2008)Megaw (2023)www.diabras.com (2007)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)American Jour. of Science: 35:23 (1913)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Hoffmann (1968)+1 other referencePanczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Peatfield (n.d.)Yta et al. (2005)Yta et al. (2005)Yta et al. (2005)Yta et al. (2005)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Camprubí et al. (1)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)- (1998)+1 other referencePanczner (1987)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Megaw (2023)Peter Megaw collectionPanczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Panczner (1987)- (1911)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Espinosa Perea (1999)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Almada-Gutiérrez et al. (2024)Emmons (1910)Singer et al. (2008)Mineralogical Magazine 1972 38 : ...Panczner (1987)USGS Bulletin 625+1 other referencePanczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Valencia et al. (2006)+3 other referencesSinger et al. (2005)Singer et al. (2008)Valencia et al. (2008)Panczner (1987)Keogh et al. (2012)+1 other referencePanczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)Canet et al. (2009)
    Middle East
     
    Vapnik et al. (2014)
    Mongolia
     
    web.archive.org (n.d.)Soloviev et al. (2022)MacDonald et al. (2024)Władysław Zygo (2011)Baichuang Guo et al. (2013)Baichuang Guo et al. (2013)International Business Publications (2007)Weixuan Fang et al. (2007)web.archive.org (n.d.)web.archive.org (n.d.)Economic Geology September 2001 v. 96 ...+1 other referenceKhashgerel et al. (2008)Porter (Mike)+1 other referenceDavaasuren et al. (2016)Economic Geology September 2001 v. 96 ...+1 other referenceDavaasuren et al. (2016)Singer et al. (2008)Seltmann et al. (2004)www.ivanhoe-mines.com (n.d.)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)+1 other reference김영민 (2019)김영민 (2019)Singer et al. (2008)
    Montenegro
     
    Vujanović (1958)Ivan Jurković (2007)
    Morocco
     
    Ibouh et al. (n.d.)Jahn et al. (2003)Jébrak et al. (1998)Favreau et al. (2006)Azizi et al. (2019)+1 other referencePelleter et al. (2008)Benchekroun et al. (2004)ASLADAY et al. (1998)Favreau (n.d.)Dietrich et al. (2005)Favreau et al. (2006)Jabbour et al. (2025)Favreau et al. (2006)Favreau et al. (2007)Favreau et al. (2006)Asladay et al. (2012)Koucham et al. (2024)El Ghorfi et al. (2006)Asladay et al. (2012)Koucham et al. (2024)Jahn (2002)+1 other referenceIbouh et al. (2011)Essaifi et al. (2019)CR Acad. Sci. ParisPoot+7 other referencesPetruk (1975)Fabre (n.d.)El Basbas et al. (2011)Koucham et al. (2024)+1 other reference
    Mozambique
     
    Nopeia et al. (2023)Paul van Hee collection
    Myanmar
     
    Aung Myo et al. (2019)+1 other referenceZar et al. (2016)Mitchell et al. (2008)+2 other referenceswww.infomine.com (n.d.)www.infomine.com (n.d.)+1 other referencewww.infomine.com (n.d.)www.infomine.com (n.d.)Sint et al. (2019)Sint et al. (2019)Sint et al. (2019)Sint et al. (2019)
    Namibia
     
    Bürg et al. (1942)Peter SerokaCairncross (2005)Bürg et al. (1942) ...+1 other referencevon Bezing (2007)von Bezing (2007)Collection Joachim Esche (SEM-EDS)Bürg et al. (1942)von Bezing (2007)Cox et al. (2003)Moore (2010)Bürg et al. (1942)Schoeman (1996)von Seckendorff et al. (2000)Niedermayr (2001)Niedermayr et al. (2008)von Bezing et al. (2016)Nghoongoloka et al. (2024)Palfi (2005)Cox et al. (2003)Kitt et al. (2017)+1 other referenceCairncross (1997)Cairncross (1997)+1 other referenceCairncross (1997)Kamona et al. (1999)+3 other referencesCairncross (1997)von Bezing (2007)Cairncross (1997)Melcher et al. (2006)+1 other referenceLaukamp (2006)+1 other referenceCairncross (1997)+1 other referenceJahn (2002)Cairncross (1997)Dunn (1991)Markham (1959)Prins+6 other referencesvon Bezing (2007)von Bezing (2007)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Borg et al. (2003)+2 other referencesvon Bezing (2007)Rocks & Min.: 23:603+2 other references
    New Zealand
     
    Gregg et al. (1970)Railton et al. (1990)Cody et al. (1981)Railton et al. (1990)Read (1986)Railton et al. (1990)Essence of MicroscopeRailton et al. (1990)de Ronde+16 other referencesRailton et al. (1990)Ko JansenMason et al. (Zn)WattersSimpson et al. (2011)Simpson et al. (2011)Simpson et al. (2011)Simpson et al. (2001)Main (1979)Main (1979)Main (1979)Rabone (1975)Railton et al. (1990)Courtney et al. (1990)Cocker et al. (2013)Railton et al. (1990)Griffiths et al. (2014)Pirajno (1982)
    Niger
     
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    Nigeria
     
    Akande et al. (1992)
    North Macedonia
     
    Singer et al. (2008)+2 other referencesChukanov et al. (2015)Singer et al. (2008)Tasev et al. (2020)Vujanović (1958)Singer et al. (2008)Stefanova et al. (2015)Serafimovski et al. (2003)+3 other referencesRMZ - Materials and Geoenvironment Vol 52 No. 3 pp 535-548 (2006)Singer et al. (2008)+4 other referencesSerafimovski et al. (2016)
    Norway
     
    Knut Eldjarn CollectionBreivik (2015)Hansen (2001)Bjørlykke (1935)Visser et al. (1991)Scheerer (1848)Neumann (1955)Ettner (2001, February)Neumann (1955)- (2006)- (2006)Folvik (2005)Goldschmidt (1911)Krause (1965)Nilsen (2002)Johnsen (1986)Nordrum (2008)Geological Survey of Norway (NGU)Geological Survey of Norway (NGU)Geological Survey of Norway (NGU)Geological Survey of Norway. The Ore ...Selbekk et al. (2007)Selbekk et al. (1995)Garmo (2006)Selbekk et al. (1995)Garmo (2013)Engvik et al. (2023)Neumann (1985)Cook et al. (1998)Neumann (1985)Vogt (1884)+1 other referenceSchulze (1969)Kjeholt (199?)+1 other referenceCook et al. (2008)Cook et al. (2008)Kjærnet (2000)Nordrum (2006)Nordrum (1972)Nordrum et al. (1995)Vogt (1886)aps.ngu.no (n.d.)Dons (1963)Dons (1963)Dons (1963)Egsæter (1984)Krusch (1916)Vogt (1886)+2 other referencesVogt (1888)Berg et al. (2016)Larsen (1993)Larsen (1993)Larsen (1993)Wyckoff (1934)Cook et al. (2010)Cook et al. (2010)Nordrum (1972)Vogt (1886)+1 other referenceNordrum et al. (1981)Geological Survey of Norway (NGU)Dons (1963)Nordrum et al. (1981)Nordrum et al. (1981)Hasan (1971)Hasan (1971)Hasan (1971)Geological Survey of Norway (NGU)Jan Andersen collectionDons (1963)Norges geologiske undersøkelse (NGU)Krusch (1916)- (2007)Vokes (1957)Viola et al. (2008)Mun+11 other referencesMun+9 other references- (2008)Fareth et al. (1977)Vogt 1886+1 other reference- (2023)Crowder (1959)Witsø (1994)Rumsey et al. (2018)Witsø (1995)Ihlen et al. (1978)Samuelsen (1992)
    Oman
     
    www.natmin.com (n.d.)+2 other referencesMoreira (2017)www.natmin.com (n.d.)
    Pacific Ocean
     
    Econ Geol (1985)Peng Xiaotong (2005)Papanicolaou (2020)Haymon (1983)Astakhova et al. (2014)
    Pakistan
     
    Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)+1 other referenceAkhter et al. (2014)Malkani (2011)
    Panama
     
    Singer et al. (2005)Singer et al. (2005)Corral et al. (2017)Gray+1 other reference
    Papua New Guinea
     
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    Peru
     
    Imai et al. (1985)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Yang et al. (2015)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2005)Singer et al. (2008)RozelleSinger et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Bin Wu et al. (2013)Gibson (1992)Bin Wu and Zhenchao Ye (2013)Toulouse et al. (2023)+1 other referenceWang et al. (2024)Hollister et al. (1974)+1 other referenceDavies et al. (2005)Davies et al. (2005)Davies et al. (2005)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Longo et al. (2005)Yang et al. (2016)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Lewis (1964)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Chen et al. (2011)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Crowley et al. (1997)Singer et al. (2008)Pedro Hugo Tumialán ()Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Hulse (2015)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Clark et al. (1990)+1 other referenceRust (1940)+1 other referenceDr. Günter Grundmann collectionEconomic Geology November 2009 vol. 104 ...+1 other referenceDube et al. (2014)Singer et al. (2008)Steinmüller et al. (2000)Singer et al. (2008)Mlynarczyk (2005)Diaby et al. (2006)Clark et al. (1990)+1 other reference
    Philippines
     
    Laznicka (1981)+1 other referenceSherlock et al. (2003)Singer et al. (2008)Elveta et al. (1990)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Braxton et al. (2011)Ignacio (2006)Braxton et al. (2018)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)de Sá et al. (2024)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Angcoy (2010)Singer et al. (2008)
    Poland
     
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    Portugal
     
    Marques de Sá et al. (2010)Reiser et al. (2011)MEMÓRIAS DO COBRE. NOTA SOBRE A CRIAÇÃO DE UM PARQUE ARQUEO-INDUSTRIAL NA MINA DA HERDADE DA MOSTARDEIRA (ESTREMOZ, PORTUGAL)MUHNAC (António Bello mineral collection)LNEG - Siorminp database informationAmílcar Mário de Jesus - Minerais de ...LNEGMateus et al. (2005)Alves (n.d.)MateusAlves (n.d.)LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...Alves (n.d.)IST Lisbon collectionAlves (n.d.)LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (Siorminp ID 1147Cu)LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (Siorminp ID 1143CuPy)Gustavo Pereira FernandesLNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...Alves (n.d.)Bussink (1984)LNEGLNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...Daniel P. S. de Oliveira et al. (2013)Oliveira et al. (1997)+1 other referenceLNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia (Siorminp ID 1237Cu)Bull. Minéral.LNEG databaseBowles (1987)LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...LNEG - Laboratório Nacional de Energia ...
    Republic of the Congo
     
    Haas (n.d.)Demetrius Pohl
    Romania
     
    Rădulescu DanPintea et al. (2019)www.researchgate.net (n.d.)Cook et al. (2003)+1 other referenceEskdale et al. (2022)Palache et al. (1944)Singer et al. (2008)Cook et al. (2003)Cook et al. (2001)on public display of the ...Constantinescu et al. (1982)+1 other referenceEdited by Szakáll-Kristály (2010)Singer et al. (2008)+2 other referencesSinger et al. (2008)+1 other reference1-Rădulescu DanCostin et al. (2005)Romanian Journal of Mineral DepositsUdubasa et al. (1996)+1 other referenceDamian et al. (2023)Udubaşa S.S. (2004)
    Russia
     
    Pekov I.V. et al. (2010)Konev et al. (1993)webmineral.ru (2020)+1 other referenceKasatkin et al. (2025)Pekov et al. (2010)Lapis Nov -94 p48-49+1 other referenceEttlinger et al. (1991)Potseluev et al. (2006)Некипелова А.В. МИНЕРАЛОГИЯ И УСЛОВИЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ Сu-Au-Bi-TeМИНЕРАЛИЗАЦИИ СИНЮХИНСКОГО МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЯ (ГОРНЫЙ АЛТАЙ)T Timkin et al (2015)Kepezhinskas et al. (2023)+2 other referencesVakh et al. (2009)+1 other referencePeskov et al. (2018)+1 other referencemrdata.usgs.gov (n.d.)Kovalev et al. (2017)Filippov (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Падучина et al. (2019)Belogub et al. (2003)+1 other referenceVishnevsky A. V. et al. (2017)Liu et al. (2025)Izbrodin et al. (2025)Damdinov et al. (2007)Kiseleva+3 other referencesAiriyants et al. (2021)Mironov et al. (2008)Spiridonov (2020, September)Kasatkin et al. (2022)Cesnokov et al. (1998)Murzin et al. (2013)+1 other referencePopov et al. (2022)Singer et al. (2008)+1 other referenceMason et al. (2005)O.Yu. Plotinskaya data+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Plotinskaya et al. (2018)Novoselov et al. (2006)Amplieva (2008)Savva et al. (2012)Singer et al. (2008)+1 other referenceBaksheev et al. (2018)Kolova et al. (2021)Cox et al. (2003)Cox et al. (2003)Kaneva et al. (2020)Mekhonoshin et al. (2013)+1 other reference- (1998)Andreeva et al. (2013)Tolstykh et al. (2021)+1 other referenceBortnikov et al. (2023)- (2005)+2 other referencesПлутахинаPalyanova et al. (2023)Singer et al. (2008)Palyanova et al. (2024)Singer et al. (2008)Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka[Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180]+1 other reference[Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180]+1 other referenceBortnikov et al. (2023)Spiridonov et al. (1992)+1 other referenceLennikov et al. (2004)- (2016)+2 other references- (1998)Dicken et al. (2016)Chikisheva et al. (2020)Cox et al. (2003)Kuznetsov et al. (2012, January)Shumilov (2008)Cox et al. (2003)Radomskaya et al. (2017)Dvorani (2016)O.A. Dyuzhikov data- (2014)Marfin+9 other referencesSazonov et al. (2024)Ryabov et al. (2010, October)Kolova et al. (2023)Singer et al. (2008)Makshakov+2 other referencesStrujkov et al. (1996)Savva et al. (2019)Savva et al. (2011)+1 other referenceSavva et al. (2023)Volkov et al. (2008)Savva et al. (2007)Groshev+6 other referencesAmerican MineralogistIvanyuk et al. (2017)+1 other referencePekov et al. (2004)Voloshin A.V. et al. (1986)Mudruk et al. (2012)Chashchin et al. (2018)Vymazalová et al. (2020)Yury L. Voytekhovsky (2008)Grokhovskaya et al. (2003)Bazai et al. (2009)Bazai et al. (2009)Chernyavsky et al. (2012)Belogub et al. (2008)Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)Belogub et al. (2008)Belogub et al. (2008)Kamitani et al. (2007)Grant et al. (2001)ROGULINA et al. (2004)Gvozdev et al. (2016)Кокорин et al. (2000)Gonevchuk et al. (2005)Grokhovskaya et al. (2005)Grishaenko et al. (2007)Y.A.Kogevnikov "Samotcvetnie tropi"Semenov et al. (2008)Frank-Kamenetskaya et al. (2021)Kuleshevich et al. (2007)Boitsov (1997)+1 other referenceIvashchenko et al. (2006)+1 other referenceValkama et al. (2013)Valkama et al. (2013)Nefedov et al. (1977)Svetova+1 other referenceKuleshevich et al. (2012)Коневин et al. (2020)V. I. Ivashchenko et al. (2007)+1 other referenceКулешевич et al. (2020)Kailachakov et al. (2020)Nenasheva et al. (2011)Kochetkov A.Ya. (2006)Anisimova et al. (2019)Anisimova et al. (2020)Kasatkin et al. (2022)Cox et al. (2003)Okrugin et al. (2023)Geological Society of America Abstracts ...+1 other referenceGerasimov et al. (2025)Kostin (2020)Nokleberg (2005)Pekov (1998)Gamyanin et al. (2015)Shevko et al. (2018)Simon et al. (1997)Антонов (2003)Yarosh et al. (1955)Azovskova et al. (2013, January)Stepanov et al. (2023)Mikhailov et al. (2021)Vikent’ev et al. (2006)D. Krinov dataMikhailov et al. (2021)Chernykh (2014)Murzin et al. (2009)Gas’kov (2008)+1 other referenceKuzhuget et al. (2015)+1 other referenceKuzhuget et al. (2022)R. V. Kuzhuget et al. (2017)Palyanova et al. (2018)Shadchin et al. (2024)Sotnikov et al. (2001)+1 other referenceMashkovtsev et al. (2010)Hyršl (1992)Kovalev et al. (2023)Gillen et al. (Eds.)Vikentyev et al. (2023)Shaibekov et al. (2024)Kachalovskaya et al. (1988)+2 other referencesKiseleva et al. (2008)+1 other referenceInt J Econ & Environ Geology Vol 1 (1)+1 other referenceGongalsky et al. (2019)Cox et al. (2003)Yakhontova+6 other referencesGongalsky et al. (2024)Kasatkin et al. (2014)Pavel M. Kartashov's dataEremin et al. (2014)
    Saudi Arabia
     
    Bakhsh (2018)Bakhsh (2018)Economic Geology (1996)Kirmizakis et al. (2025)Luce et al. (1976)+1 other reference
    Serbia
     
    Slobodan A. Radosavljević et al. (2013)Radosavljević-Mihajlović et al. (2017)Cissarz et al. (1957)Albrecht von Quadt et al. (2007)+1 other referenceMinistry of Mining and Energy (2002)Antonijević Ivan (2011)Wang et al. (2025)Ministry of Mining and Energy (2002)Albrecht von Quadt et al. (2007)+1 other referenceDrovenik (1958)Albrecht von Quadt et al. (2007)Aleksandar Pacevski (2007)Ministry of Mining and Energy (2002)
    Slovakia
     
    Martin Števko-unpublishedKoděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Pauliš+5 other referencesKoděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Jeleň et al. (2006)Koděra (1986)+2 other referencesKoděra (1986)Pršek et al. (2001)Pršek et al. (2001)Koděra (1986)Luptáková et al. (2003)Maťo et al. (stredné Slovensko)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Miškovic J. (1990)Grecula (1995)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Števko M. (2022)Koděra (1986)Kodě+1 other referenceKoděra (1986)Vlasáč et al. (2024)Grecula (1995)Háber et al. (SGR)Pauliš et al. (2002)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Grecula (1995)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Drnzíková L. (1969)Grecula (1995)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Peterec D. (1990)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Sejkora et al. (2024)Grecula (1995)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Pauliš et al. (2002)Grecula (1995)Grecula (1995)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Pauliš et al. (2002)Koděra (1986)Zorkovský B. et al. (1965)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Ďuda et al. (1996)Julia Herrmann et al. (2018)Sottnik et al. (1998)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Ferenc Š. et al. (2022)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)PaulišDuda et. all.Ďuďa R. (2001)Mikuš M.Števko M. (2025)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Rojkovič I. (1998)
    Slovenia
     
    Albrecht von Quadt et al. (2007)Scopolia - Journal of the Slovenian ...Terzić (1972)Žorž et al. (2002)
    Solomon Islands
     
    Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)
    South Africa
     
    Tischler et al. (1981)Cairncross et al. (1995)The mineral resources of the union of ...Cairncross et al. (2008)Heinrich (1970)+2 other referencesDu Plessis (2019)Cairncross et al. (1995)Malcolm Southwood (2002)McCall (2016)Oberthür et al. (2021)Cairncross (1991)+1 other referenceCairncross et al. (1995)Cairncross et al. (1995)Atanasova et al. (2016)Holwell et al. (2006)+1 other referenceCairncross et al. (1995)McCall (2016)Cairncross et al. (1992)+1 other referenceSchwarz-Schampera U (2014)+1 other referenceSwiegers (1948)+1 other referenceCairncross et al. (1995)Günther (2013)Meulenbeld et al. (2014)Cairncross et al. (1995)SAMS (South African Micromount Society)Reeks (2007)Kinloch et al. (1990)+1 other referenceAndreoli et al. (1997)+2 other referencesCairncross et al. (1995)+1 other referenceEcon Geol (1981)Cairncross (2004)+1 other referenceCawthorn et al. (1993)Ronaldson (1905)Stein et al. (2000)Cairncross (2004)Söhnge (1950)+1 other referenceCairncross (2004)Ronaldson (1905)Ronaldson (1905)Cairncross et al. (1995)Cairncross et al. (1995)
    South Korea
     
    Park et al. (1986)Park (1993)Lee et al. (1989)Youn et al. (1988)Yang et al. (1986)Kim et al. (1991)CHOI et al. (1985)+1 other reference
    Spain
     
    Navarro et al. (2009)Georges FAVREAU collection & EDX ...BERTRAN-OLLER et al. (2012)Favreau (n.d.)Sierra Lopez et al. (1968)CARMONA RUIZ et al. (2025)www.foro-minerales.com (2020)Calvo (2003)+1 other referenceCarmona Ruiz+2 other referencesCalabrés+2 other referencesCARMONA RUIZ et al. (2025)Calvo (2003)Calvo (2003)Valente et al. (2013)Garcia (1996)Calvo (1999)Minerales y Minas de EspañaLillo Ramos (1992)Romero Silva (2003)Oen et al. (1980)Romero Silva (2003)Oen et al. (1980)Menor-Salván+1 other referenceGarcia Gil et al. (1988)Tertiary basins of Spain By P. F. ...+1 other referenceCalvo (2008)Calvo (2008)Mesa et al. (2002)+1 other referenceCepedal et al. (2021)Gutiérrez et al. (2000)+1 other referenceA. Paniagua et al.Gabriel Garcia Rodríguez et al. (zona occidental de Asturias)Crespí et al. (1998)Los MInerales de España (1910)Mangas J. et al. (1994)Sáinz de Baranda et al. (2004)www.foro-minerales.com (2022)+1 other referenceHenwood (1871)Calvo (2003)+1 other referenceMartínez i Cantó (2015)Miguel Calvo Rebollar (2003)Calvo Rebollar et al. (2024)Mangas et al. (1988)Mineralogistes de Catalunya (2/3)Pedro Mingueza et al. (2022)Mata i Perelló (1990)+2 other referencesAufschluss 1975 (6)Econ Geol (1992)Joan Abella i Creus (2008) ...Jimenez R. et al. (2004)Ref: Jiménez R. et al. (2004)Jimenez R. et al. (2004)Tornos et al. (2024)www.foro-minerales.com (n.d.)www.foro-minerales.com (n.d.)Tornos et al. (2006)www.foro-minerales.com (n.d.)Salván et al. (2024)Weibel (1954)Weibel (1954)+1 other referenceViñals et al. (2011)Calvo (2003)Castroviejo (1990)Calvo (2003)Calvo Rebollar (2003)Calvo et al. (1991)Calvo et al. (1991)+1 other referenceMineralogía de la concesión San Rafaelissuu.com (n.d.)+1 other referenceissuu.com (n.d.)+1 other reference
    Sudan
     
    Jie Li et al. (2011)Fuganti et al. (1991)Fuganti et al. (1991)
    Sweden
     
    Öhman et al. (2000)Hisinger (1826)Kieft et al. (1984)Kramm et al. (1988)Shaikh-Persson-Sundberg-Wik: SGU Rep. ...Shaikh-Persson-Sundberg-Wik: SGU Rep. ...Shaikh-Persson-Sundberg-Wik: SGU Rep. ...Shaikh+1 other referenceShaikh+1 other referenceShaikh-Persson-Sundberg-Wik: SGU Rep. ...Swedish Nat.Musuem. Hjalmar Sjögren ...Wilke (1976)Knipfer et al. (Mo)+2 other referencesGeijer (1918)Wilke (1976)Valentin Alain (2014)Tegengren (1924)+1 other referenceBjärnborg (2009)Gatedal (1997)Torbjörn Lorin collection+1 other referenceGatedal (n.d.)Andersson et al. (2022)- (1998)Collection of Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet i Stockholm (The Natural History Museum)Langhof et al. (1998)Bjernulf (2011)GFF 65Sjögren (1882)+4 other referencesNatural History Museum (Hisingers mineralsamling)+1 other referencePersson (1999)Holtstam et al. (1999)Nysten (2014)Gatedal et al. (2003)Jonsson et al. (2013)Gatedal (2003)georange.se (n.d.)Öhman et al. (2004)Andersson et al. (2024)Added without referenceCollection of Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet i Stockholm (The Natural History Museum)Holtstam+7 other references
    Switzerland
     
    Beda Hofmann (1986)Bächtiger (1963)Stalder et al. (1998)Meisser (1999)Stalder et al. (1998)Amstutz C. (1950)Amstutz C. (1950)Amstutz C. (1949)+2 other referencesAmstutz C. (1950)de Quervain (1963)+1 other referencede Quervain (1963)+1 other referencede Quervain (1963)+1 other referenceFriedländer (1930)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Cadisch J. (1937)Personally collected by Günter FrenzHügi et al. (1967)Ansermet (2012)Ansermet (2012)Ansermet (2012)
    Syria
     
    Sharkov et al. (1997)
    Taiwan
     
    Simmons et al. (2005)Singer et al. (2008)
    Tajikistan
     
    Badalov et al. (1975)Badalov et al. (1975)Badalov et al. (1975)+1 other referenceBadalov et al. (1975)Lur'ye et al. (1971)
    Tanzania
     
    Evans et al. (2012)Hassan et al. (2024)+1 other referenceNkuliGallagher (1941)
    Thailand
     
    - (1998)Proceedings of the International Conference on Geology Geotechnology and Mineral Resources of Indochina (22 - 25 November 1995)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)
    Tonga
     
    Wendt (2013)Schwarz-Schampera et al. (2007)
    Turkey
     
    Singer et al. (2008)SOYLU et al. (1999)Yigit (2012)+1 other referenceAluç et al. (2025)Yilmaz et al. (2010)+1 other referenceÇiçek et al. (2017)Akbulut et al. (2010)Akinci (2009)Kines (1969)+1 other referenceKalender et al. (2004)Yıldırım et al. (2016)ÇAĞATAY et al. (1990)ÇAĞATAY et al. (1990)Beih. z. Eur. J. Mineral 18 (2006)Demir et al. (2008)Akinci (2009)Yilmaz et al. (2007)Aluç et al. (2020)Singer et al. (2008)Bozkir et al. (2010)+1 other referenceArik (2012)Çağatay et al. (1989)www.odysseyresources.com (2003)Akinci (2009)Akçay et al. (1998)Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences (Turkish J. Earth Sci.)Kilic et al. (2024)Singer et al. (2008)+1 other reference
    UK
     
    Semmons (1885)Henwood (1843)+2 other referencesHenwood (1843)+2 other referencesReid et al. (1907)Collins (1871)Henwood (1843)+1 other referenceWeiss et al. (2007)Dines (1956)Virginia Maine collectionMineralogical Magazine 1958 31 : 979-980Virginia Maine collectionPhillips (1823)+4 other referencesPhillips (1823)+5 other referencesHenwood (1843)Lapis 11 (2)Virginia Maine collectionDale Foster / Crofty Consultancy - ...Henwood (1843)+3 other referencesHenwood (1843)+4 other referencesHenwood (1843)Dines (1956)Bernie MillingtonRocks & Min.: 17:127+1 other referenceHall (1868)+1 other referenceEmbrey et al. (1987)Dines (1956)Smyth et al. (1864)+3 other referencesHenwood (1843)+3 other referencesLapis 11 (2)Phillips (1823)+3 other referencesCollins (1871)LeBoutillier et al. 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(1864)+3 other referencesHenwood (1843)Henwood (1871)+2 other referencesDines (1956)Dines (1994)Hall (1868)+1 other referenceHenwood (1843)+1 other referenceHall (1868)+1 other referenceDines (1956)Carne (1822)Davy (1818)Henwood (1843)Kissin et al. (1989)Henwood (1843)+3 other referencesReid et al. (1906)Henwood (1843)+1 other referenceRob Bowell (Cardiff University analysis)Smyth et al. (1864)Collins (1871)Smyth et al. (1864)+1 other referenceHall (1868)+1 other referenceHenwood (1843)+3 other referencesAnsermet (2007)Rollinson et al. (2017)Embrey et al. (1987)Hill et al. (1906)Henwood (1843)Hall (1868)Henwood (1843)+1 other referenceHenwood (1843)+3 other referencesSmyth et al. (1864)+3 other referencesDines (1956)Dines (1994)Virginia Maine collectionSmyth et al. (1864)+3 other referencesVirginia Maine collectionVirginia Maine collectionRobin Selley and Roger Eslick (2004)Phillips (1823)+2 other referencesPhillips (1823)Collins 1878Smyth et al. (1864)Reid et al. (1907)P HaasS. Rust collection.Hall (1868)Dines (1956)Henwood (1843)+2 other referencesHall (1868)+1 other referenceHenwood (1843)+3 other referencesCarne (1822)+4 other referencesRocks & Min.: 60 (1)+3 other referencesHenwood (1843)P HaasElton et al. (1995)collected by Richard de NulHenwood (1843)+2 other referencesHall (1868)+1 other referenceDines (1956)Reid et al. (1907)De Bondt (n.d.)Golley et al. (1995)Ex .C Smith collection. Geevor ...Reid et al. (1907)Henwood (1843)+3 other referencesCarne (1822)+3 other referencesGolley et al. (1995)Collected by Mike Merry.Smyth et al. (1864)+2 other referencesAndrew Hodgson collection.LeBoutillier et al. (2003)Smyth et al. (1864)Elton (1998)+1 other referenceHenwood (1843)+1 other referenceDines (1956)Hall (1868)+1 other referenceDominy et al. (1996)Payton et al. (1993)- (2008)Day (1999)Thimmaiah (1956)+3 other referencesKingsbury et al. (xxxx)+2 other referencesKingsbury et al. 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(1864)+1 other referenceRender (n.d.)Render (n.d.)Burr (1996)Day (1999)Render (n.d.)Steve Rust collectionSteve Rust collectionRender (n.d.)Ford (2000)Render (n.d.)Render (n.d.)Mineralogical Magazine: 63: 13-16.Rutley (1902)Green (1988)+1 other reference[J.Russell Soc 1998:23]Render (n.d.)Render (n.d.)S Rust collectionRutley (1902)Meikle (1989)Power et al. (2000)Render (n.d.)Färber (n.d.)Render (n.d.)Chapman et al. (2023)Chapman+3 other referencesLivingstonee-rocks.com (n.d.)Day (1999)Day (1999)Jones (1987)Day (1999)+1 other referenceDay (1999)Henwood (1843)SutphinNational Museum of Wales databaseDay (1999)Henwood (1843)Render (n.d.)Render (n.d.)National Museum of Wales database+1 other referenceRender (n.d.)Render (n.d.)Render (n.d.)Render (n.d.)Render (n.d.)
    Ukraine
     
    Kvasnytsya et al. (2001)Karpenko V. (New Data on Minerals)Dvoichenko (1914)Alexander I. Tischenko (1996)w Hancewiczach na Polesiu:' Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego Nr 14. Warszawa (in Polish)+4 other referencesDobrovolskaya T.I. (2004)Emetz et al. (2005)Liventseva (n.d.)+1 other referenceBondarenko+2 other references
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