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Celestine

A valid IMA mineral species
This page kindly sponsored byRichard Eddy
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Originally namedfasriger schwerspath by Andreas Gotthelf Schütz in 1791. Renamedschwefelsaurer strontianite aus Pennsylvania by Martin Klaproth in 1797. Renamed by Abraham Gottlieb Werner in 1798 in Germanzoelestin from the Greekcœlestis for celestial, in allusion to the faint blue color of the original specimen. Renamed Schützit by Dietrich Ludwig Gustav Karsten in 1800. Although far superior celestine crystals were previously known from Sicily, they were thought to be barium-rich as the element strontium was not discovered until the late 1780s and not formally described until 1792.
Type Locality:
ⓘBell's Mill, Bellwood, Blair County, Pennsylvania, USA
Baryte Group.Baryte-Celestine Series. The strontium analogue ofbaryte,anglesite andhashemite.

By far the most common strontium mineral.

Visit gemdat.org forgemological information about Celestine.



Unique Identifiers
IMA Formula:
Sr(SO4)

Classification of Celestine

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
A : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, without H2O
D : With only large cations
Dana 8th ed.:
28.3.1.2

28 : ANHYDROUS ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
3 : AXO4
Hey's CIM Ref.:
25.4.15

25 : Sulphates
4 : Sulphates of Ca, Sr and Ba

Mineral Symbols
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colourless, shades of light blue, white, reddish, greenish, brownish, greyish; colourless or lightly tinted in transmitted light
Streak:
White
Hardness:
3 - 3½ onMohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {001} perfect; on {210} good; on {010} poor. Also reported on {011}.
Parting:
Twin gliding and translation gliding.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.96 - 3.98 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.98 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Celestine
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
moderate r < v
Optical Extinction:
X = c; Y = b; Z = a.
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Blue-coloured material: shades of indigo- and lavender-blue, bluish green or violet.
Comments:
Absorption: Z > Y > X.

Chemistry of Celestine

Crystallography of Celestine
Click on an icon to view
Celestine no.87 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided bywww.smorf.nl.

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Edge Lines |Miller Indices |Axes

Transparency
Opaque |Translucent |Transparent

View
Along a-axis |Along b-axis |Along c-axis |Start rotation |Stop rotation

Crystal StructureCoahuila, Mexico 10
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
2.972 Å(100)
3.295 Å(98)
2.731 Å(63)
3.177 Å(59)
2.041 Å(57)
2.045 Å(55)
2.674 Å(49)
Comments:
Synthetic.

Geological Environment
General Appearance of Type Material:
Fibrous veinlets.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Technische Universität, Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany, 45 samples (holotype).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Sedimentary rocks.

Synonyms of Celestine

Other Language Names for Celestine

Varieties of CelestineBarytosulfate of StrontianA barium-bearing variety of celestine.CalciocelestineA calcium-bearing variety of Celestine.

Relationship of Celestine to other Species
Other Members of Baryte Group:
AnglesitePbSO4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma
BaryteBaSO4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma
HashemiteBaCr6+O4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma
Forms a series with:
BaryteBaryte-Celestine Series

Common AssociatesTrig. 3m :P31c7.AD.DobrovolskyiteNa4Ca(SO4)3Trig. 3 :R37.AD.CalciolangbeiniteK2Ca2(SO4)3Iso. 23 :P2137.AD.MurphyitePb(Te6+O4)Mon. 2/m :P21/b7.AD.CuprodobrovolskyiteNa4Cu(SO4)3Trig. 3 :R37.AD.KristjániteKNa2H(SO4)2Mon. 2/m7.AD.05Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma7.AD.05ArcaniteK2SO4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)7.AD.10MercalliteKHSO4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pbca7.AD.15MiseniteK8H6(SO4)7Mon.7.AD.20Letovicite(NH4)3H(SO4)2Tric.7.AD.25ThénarditeNa2SO4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Fddd7.AD.25GlauberiteNa2Ca(SO4)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b7.AD.30MetathénarditeNa2SO4Hex. 6/mmm(6/m2/m2/m) :P63/mmc7.AD.30AnhydriteCaSO4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)7.AD.35BaryteBaSO4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma7.AD.35OlsacheritePb2(Se6+O4)(SO4)Orth.7.AD.35AnglesitePbSO4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma7.AD.40KalistrontiteK2Sr(SO4)2Trig.3m(32/m) :R3m7.AD.40PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2Trig.3m(32/m) :R3m7.AD.45IvsiteNa3H(SO4)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b7.AD.55MarkhininiteTlBi(SO4)2Tric.1 :P1

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    • References for CelestineⓘLaman celestine depositwww.mindat.org (n.d.)Kasak (1965)Orris et al. (2002)Tucker et al. (2012)Preliminary Non-Fuel Mineral Resource Assessment of Afghanistan‎. U.S. Geological Survey Report 2007-1214‎ (2007)Orris et al. (2002)
    Algeria
     
    Palache et al. (1951)Singer et al. (2009)
    Angola
     
    Castellano Calvo A et al. (2014)
    Antarctica
     
    Grew et al. (2007)
    Argentina
     
    Brodtkorb (2002)+1 other referenceBouhier et al. (2016)Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)Padrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)Raúl Jorge Tauber LarryZappettini et al. (2014)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Silvia Barredo (1)+1 other referenceMusso et al. (2022)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Silvia Barredo (1) ...[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Silvia Barredo (1)Silvia Barredo (1)Silvia Barredo (1)51 (2)+1 other reference ...+1 other reference ...+1 other referencePetrov (n.d.)USGS MRDS Databasewww.pegmatite.ru (2009)Barrio et al. (2014)Juan Carlos LodovichiM. B. FRANCHINI et al. (8300)+6 other referencesFranchini et al. (2005)
    Australia
     
    Byrnes (1977)Sutton (1983)Sutton (1983)+1 other referenceMonecke (2002)Williams (1972)Brugger et al. (2006)SA Geodata Database - Mineral Deposit ...Collection of Mark WilloughbyPeter Elliott unpub.Pring et al. (2000)Haynes et al. (1995)Habibi et al. (2025)Museum of Victoria specimen M39943Sutton (1983)Simon (2019)Xue et al. (2014)Bath et al. (2013)Dröllner et al. (2025)Econ Geol (1987)Simpson (1948)Sung (2008)Cameron (1990)
    Austria
     
    Niedermayr et al. (1995)Mörtl (1985)Weninger (1976)Groß (1983)Meixner et al. (1963)Niedermayr et al. (1995)- (n.d.)Niedermayr et al. (1995)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Niedermayr et al. (1995)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Niedermayr et al. (1995)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Niedermayr et al. (1995)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Niedermayr (2009)Meixner (1950)+1 other referenceNiedermayr et al. (1995)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Pichler (2009)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Neschen (n.d.)+1 other referenceNiedermayr et al. (1996)+3 other referencesNiedermayr et al. (1991)+1 other referenceKolitsch et al. (2021)Schwendtner (2004)Schachinger et al. (2015)Götzinger (2008)Marchet (1924)Strasser (1989)W. Stoll collection.+1 other referenceStrasser (1998)Strasser (1989)+1 other referenceStrasser (1989)Miner.Arch.Salzb. (297)Putz (2002)+1 other referenceStrasser (1989)Kolitsch et al. (2008)Strasser (1989)Strasser (2010)DruckstollenPutz et al. (2004)Kolitsch et al. (2015)+1 other referenceKolitsch et al. (2025)Kolitsch et al. (2025)Strasser (1989)R.Poeverlein (2016)Strasser (1989)R.Poeverlein (2016)Gerald Gesselbauer (06.2010)+2 other referencesPostl et al. (1988)+1 other referenceExel (1993)Gerald Gesselbauer (2010)Taucher et al. (2014)Postl et al. (1998)+1 other referenceTaucher et al. (1992)+3 other referencesArthofer et al. (2025)Taucher (1993)Meixner (1952)Neschen (n.d.)Neschen (n.d.)Auer (2025)Spötl (1989)C.Auer (2019)Kolitsch et al. (2019)Kolitsch et al. (2018)Exel (1993)Kolitsch et al. (2009)Meixner (1973)- (1994, July)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Exel (1993)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Exel (1993)Exel (1993)Arlt et al. (1994)Arthofer et al. (2025)+1 other reference- (2013)+2 other referencesZirkl (1995)W.Postl et al. (201 – 236)Exel (1993)Weninger et al. (1969)Peter Arthoferself-collected by Gerhard BrandstetterWALLENTA (1985)Neschen (n.d.)Neschen (n.d.)self-collected by Gerhard BrandstetterNeschen (n.d.)Neschen (n.d.)Exel (1993)Wittern (1994)Haidinger (1848)Niedermayr (1990)+1 other referenceKolitsch et al. (2018)Kolitsch (2014)Kolitsch (2014)Kolitsch (2014)+1 other referenceKolitsch et al. (2018)
    Bahamas
     
    Dix G.R. (2001)Onac B.P. et al. (2001)+1 other reference
    Belgium
     
    Van Tassel (1960)+1 other reference[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Demaiffe et al. (1991)Van Tassel (1960)+2 other referencesde Béthune (1949)+2 other referencesHatert et al. (2002)Van Der Meersche (1996)+1 other referenceNeutkens et al. (2007)Van Tassel (1971)+2 other referencesMélon et al. (1976)+1 other referenceHatert et al. (2002)Blondieau (1997)de Béthune (1939)+2 other references
    Bolivia
     
    Ahlfeld et al. (1964)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Federico Ahlfeld (1967)Federico Ahlfeld (1967)Wilson (2001)- (2005)Bentz et al. (2017)
    Brazil
     
    Guarino et al. (2021)+1 other referenceJENKINS II (1987)Kogarko et al. (2001)
    Bulgaria
     
    Spisanie na Bulgarskoto Geologichesko Druzhestvo (1971)www.mindat.org (n.d.)Sabeva et al. (2017)I. Kostov et al. (1964)Marcus Vau Collection
    Canada
     
    Peatfield (n.d.)Peatfield (n.d.)R.O. Meyer collectionChakhmouradian et al. (2015)Woodside et al. (2000)Chakhmouradian+1 other reference- (2022)Lane (1990)Sabina (2003)Choo (1972)+1 other referenceDon Doell CollectionBoehner (1986)Sabina (1964)Sabina (1994)+2 other referencesGary DyckOsinski et al. (2005)Mason (1976)162-165.+1 other referenceHorváth collectionRocks & Min.:59:206 & 212+1 other referencePalache et al. (1951)Sabina (1983)+1 other referenceSabina (1983)+1 other referenceAmerican Mineralogist 12: 396Sabina (1986)Sabina (1986)Pouliot et al. (1964)Mielke (n.d.)Reiner Mielke 2014Rocks & Minerals: 60: 286+1 other referenceSabina (1986)Andrew Haighton CollectionMielke (n.d.)Reiner Mielke 2014Guillet (1964)+1 other referenceSabina (1987)Walker (1919)+1 other referenceMelanson et al. (1982)+1 other referenceSabina (1987)unpublished BSc. thesis+2 other referencesTraill (1983)Montgomery (n.d.)Am. Min. (1930)Wynne-Edwards (1967)Palache et al. (1951)Sabina (1986)Sabina (1986)Sabina (1986)Jacob Stanaszek CollectionSabina (2007)+1 other reference[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]rruff.info (n.d.)www.geologyontario.mndm.gov.on.ca (n.d.)Sabina (1986)Sabina (1986)Palache et al. (1951)Sabina (2007)+1 other referenceSabina (1991)Sabina (1974)Hicks (1990)179-181.+3 other referencesMartin+1 other referencePeck et al. (2019)Horváth collectionSabina (1983)Grice (1989)+1 other referenceHorváth et al. (1998)Sabina (1983)"Tarassoff Collection"176-178.+2 other referencesSabina (1987)+1 other referenceBelley et al. (2014)Fournier (1993)FOURNIER (1993)Robinson et al. (1992)Robinson et al. (1992)
    Chile
     
    De Waele et al. (2017)Lohmeier et al. (2025)Lohmeier et al. (2022)
    China
     
    Liu et al. (2018)Wenxuan Hu (1990)Xiong et al. (2024)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Sichun Zhou et al. (1999) ...Zou et al. (2022)Yan Sun et al. (2013)+1 other referenceYan Sun et al. (2013)Jiajun Liu et al. (2010)Shikun Huang (1983)Shen (n.d.)She et al. (2022)Li Xintong; Xian Yiheng; Fan Jingyi; Zhang Lufan; Guo Jingwen; Gao Zhanyuan; Wen Rui (2019)Xiao et al. (2022)Jian et al. (2015)+1 other referenceKamitani et al. (2007)+1 other referenceHan et al. (2020)Ma et al. (2021)Yesen Fang (1988)Ottens (2012)Qingguo Kuang et al. (2003)Liu et al. (2023)Qiangzhi Li et al. (2003)Zhaolong Li et al. (1981)Zhaolong Li et al. (1981)Yang et al. (2019)Bonnetti et al. (2015)Zhou et al. (1996) ...Yan Sun et al. (2013)Yan Sun et al. (2013)Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes websiteShaoxiu (1991)+1 other reference[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Dianhao Huang et al. (1983)Xiao et al. (2022)+1 other referenceHuang et al. (lead)+4 other referencesZhang et al. (2022)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Jia+1 other referenceXuefeng Yu and Zuozhen Han (2008)Junfeng Yan et al. (1984)Chuangye Zhu et al. (1998)Yu et al. (2022)Yongjun Wang et al. (2012)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Xiaoyu Li (2005)+1 other referenceXiao et al. (2022)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Congde Chen and Guangping Pu (1991)Li et al. (2025)Li et al. (2025)Liu et al. (2024)+1 other referenceSu Sun (1993)LiuWenji Bai et al. (2001)Xiaohong Sun et al. (2010)wrgis.wr.usgs.gov (2004)Huiliang Xiao et al. (2002)He Jurui et al. (2000)He Jurui et al. (2000)He Jurui et al. (2000)+1 other referenceBing Tong (1976)Zhang et al. (2024)Hou et al. (2007)Jiajun Liu et al. (2004)Hou et al. (2007)+1 other referenceHou et al. (2007)Wenjun Gong et al. (2000)+1 other referenceHou et al. (2007)Jiafeng Bai et al. (1985)+7 other referencesLiu et al. (2025)Guanghui Wang et al. (2009)Xiaosong Xu and Jialing Wu (1983)+2 other referencesJiasheng Li et al. (2005)
    Croatia
     
    Siftar et al. (1973)+1 other reference
    Czech Republic
     
    Scharm+7 other referencesI.Vašina (april 2011)Rusek P. (Část 20., květen-červen 1965)PaulišKruťa[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Rusnok P.: Nález vzácného nerostu. ...Matýsek et al. (2014)Rusek P.: Nález vzácného nerostu na ...
    DR Congo
     
    Nasraoui et al. (2000)+1 other reference
    Egypt
     
    Marchesini et al. (2009)+1 other referenceJV Szadeczky Cölestin vom Gebel El ...JV Szadeczky Cölestin vom Gebel El ...+2 other referencesJV Szadeczky Cölestin vom Gebel El ...Nagar et al. (2020)Saad (2023)
    Europe
     
    tin.er.usgs.gov (n.d.)+2 other references
    Finland
     
    Pérez del Villar et al. (386)
    France
     
    Yves Masson collectionAlizert (2010)Oddoux (1995)Oddoux (1995)Yves Masson collection+1 other reference[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]undefinedThese POLATER N. - 1968Belot (1978)Martin (2005)Jean-Luc Portes CollectionMasson (2013)+1 other referenceGrenoble museumBariand et al. (n.d.)+2 other referencesGuichon (2017)De Ascenção Guedes et al. (2012)Yannick Vessely collectionBariand et al. (n.d.)Palache et al. (1951)Wittern et al. (1997)Jean-Marie ClaudeDescouens (1984)+1 other referenceInventaire mineralogique de l'Ariege (Ed. BRGM)Lacroix (1910)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Fourcalt (2001)Fourcalt (2001)Jocelyn Zerillo collectionYves Masson specimensJahn (2005)Self collected S. MAURY 03/2012Self collected S. MauryJean-Luc Portes CollectionDan Topa (unpublished EPMA data)Pierrot et al. (1972)+1 other referenceStephane Maury CollectionYves Masson specimen.Lapis 34 (3)Self colected S. Maury 2015
    Germany
     
    Bernd Gassmann collection (EDS-analysed)+1 other referenceBraitsch et al. (1964)Walenta (1992)50. (in German)+2 other referencesHeinz Förch collection (analysed by J. Gröbner)Weiß (1990)Wittern (2001)Wittern (2001)collection H.J. HaasLanger (1993)+1 other referencePalache et al. (1951)Wittern (2001)Weiß (1990)Steinmetz (1948)+1 other referenceStrasser (2010)Weiß (1990)Steinmetz (1948)Weiß (1990)Strasser (2009)+1 other referenceF. Müller: "Bayerns steinreiche Ecke" et al. (Hof)Wittern (2001)+1 other referenceWeiß (1990)Marko Burkhardt Collection (SEM-EDS made by originally founder)Marko Burkhardt Collection (SEM-EDS made by dealer)Stuttgart.+2 other referencesDietrich et al. (2004)Dietrich et al. (2004)Palache et al. (1951)+1 other referenceDreizler (1962)Müller (1962)Füchtbauer et al. (1956)Cabral et al. (2018)Weiß (1990)Haas (n.d.)Weiß (1990)Schnorrer et al. (2011)Braitsch (1959)Hotze (1989)Weiß (1990)Eberhard Riech collectionDreizler (1962)Geologisches JahrbuchWeiß (1990)Weiß (1990)Weiß (1990)Weiß (1990)Weiß (1990)+1 other referenceWeiß (1990)Weiß (1990)Palache et al. (1951)Weiß (1990)+1 other referencefound by Frank de WitWeiß (1990)Lapis 1983 (7/8)Harder (1964)Hentschel (1986)50.+1 other referenceNoll (1984)Wittern (2001)Skrzyńska et al. (2023)Juroszek et al. (Ti 5 Fe)Lapis (5)+1 other referencein the collection of Christof Schäfer+1 other referencein the collection of Christof SchäferHaas (n.d.)+2 other referencesSiemroth et al. (1999)Siemroth et al. (1999)Wittern (2001)Driesner et al. (1993)Palache et al. (1951)Stuber (1891)L. Baumann et al. (Stuttgart)+1 other referenceWittern (2001)Weiß (1990)Wittern (2001)Wittern (2001)Wittern (2001)Hoffmann (2012)www.endeavour-minerals.comWittern (2001)Palache et al. (1951)Wittern (2001)Jäkel (2007)+1 other reference
    Greece
     
    Rieck et al. (2018)Voudouris (2011)Stamatakis (1989)
    Greenland
     
    Petersen et al. (1993)
    Hungary
     
    Tóth et al. (2020)Szakáll et al. (1996)Szakáll et al. (1996)Szakáll & Gatter: Hungarian Mineral ...ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII.Koch (1985)Sándor et al. (2005)Koch (1985)ACTA MIN. PETR. Suppl. Tomus XXXVIII.
    India
     
    Bhushan (2015)+1 other referenceBhushan et al. (2019)Rao et al. (1978)Burtseva et al. (2013)Palache et al. (1951)
    Indonesia
     
    Inguaggiato et al. (2020)Setiawan
    Iran
     
    Maziar Nazari (2005)Ehya et al. (2013)Mahdavi et al. (2016)Ansari et al. (2024)Wilke (1977)
    Ireland
     
    Moreton (2008)
    Israel
     
    Anenburg et al. (2013)Galuskina et al. (2025)Futrzyński et al. (2023)
    Italy
     
    Jervis (1874)Lapis 2004 number 7/8 pp. 37-51Del Caldo et al. (1973)+1 other referenceDe Michele (1974)De Michele (1974)Del Caldo et al. (1973)+1 other referenceDe Michele (1974)Jervis (1874)+1 other referenceZambonini (1904)Matteo Chinellato & Peter Neschen ...Pedroni (1993)+1 other referenceAdorni F. (1997)Adorni et al. (2010)Fabrizio Frattini collectionBarite di Vernasca e di altre località ...Alberto Vaghi collectionJervis (1874)+2 other referencesCaucia et al. (2022)Pucci (2004 b)Palombi et al. (2009)Stoppa et al. (2019)abstr. in Riv. Mineral. Ital. et al. (3-1980)+2 other referencesStoppa et al. (2019)Fiori et al. (2006)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]BARBIERI M. & MASI U. (1978)analysed by Dr. Anthony KampfMaida (2002)Fabio Brignoli collectionPaolo Capitanio collectionMaglia (1988)Vergani (2019)+1 other reference[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Mattias et al. (2008)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Pierpaolo Mattias-Mauro Guerra Le ...[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Pedroni G. (1987)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]"Le miniere nelle Marche. Miniere e ...Bagli et al. (1997)Bagli et al. (1997)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Le Miniere nelle Marche II Parte ...Bruno Marello collection+1 other referenceCiriotti et al. (2024)Barresi (2005)+2 other referencesOrlandi et al. (2005)Colomba (1897-98)- (n.d.)+1 other referencePiccoli et al. (2007)Gelosa et al. (1999)Pongiluppi D.Mottura S. (1871)+6 other referencesMason (1976)+1 other referencePalache et al. (1951)Del Caldo et al. (1973)Jervis (1881)Jervis (1881)various added photosJervis (1881)+1 other referencePalache et al. (1951)Jervis (1881)+4 other referencesJervis (1881)+2 other referencesDel Caldo et al. (1973)+1 other referenceDel Caldo et al. (1973)+1 other referenceDe Michele (1974)Del Caldo et al. (1973)+1 other referenceDel Caldo et al. (1973)+1 other referenceDel Caldo et al. (1973)Palache et al. (1951)+1 other referencePagano (2012)+1 other referenceJervis (1881)D'Angeli et al. (2018)Pagano (2012)+2 other referencesWilson et al. (2012)+1 other referenceDel Caldo et al. (1973)Jervis (1881)Del Caldo et al. (1973)Del Caldo et al. (1973)+1 other referenceJervis (1881)+1 other referenceJervis (1881)+2 other referencesDel Caldo et al. (1973)Appiani (2016)+1 other referenceWilson et al. (2012)Friedel (1890)+1 other reference- (n.d.)Del Caldo et al. (1973)Del Caldo et al. (1973)Del Caldo et al. (1973)Jervis (1881)Betts (n.d.)Lasaulx (von)+3 other referencesDel Caldo et al. (1973)Del Caldo et al. (1973)Del Caldo et al. (1973)Exel (1987)De Michele (1974)De Michele (1974)+2 other referencesExel (1987)Exel (1987)Niedermayr (2007)Morteani et al. (1996)Folie et al. (2010)Brizzi G. et al. (GR)Bazzoni C. et al.Brizzi G.Stéphane Cuchet (2025)Bonifazi (2020)Orlandi et al. (1996)+1 other referenceOrlandi et al. (1980)+2 other referencesBiagioni et al. (2019)Domenico Preite collectionOrlandi et al. (2009)+2 other referencesFranzini et al. (1982)+1 other referenceFranzini et al. (1982)+3 other referencesOrlandi et al. (1980)+1 other referenceOrlandi et al. (1994)+1 other referenceOrlandi (1974)+2 other referencesMorino (2017)Orlandi et al. (2009)Orlandi et al. (2000)+1 other referenceOrlandi et al. (2009)Orlandi et al. (2000)Orlandi (2005)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Saline di Volterra+8 other referencesOrlandi (2005)Betti et al. (2000)Meli R.Meli (2000)Sabelli et al. (1984)+1 other referenceR. Meli (2001)Manasse (1908)+1 other referenceD'Angeli et al. (2018)Mattioli et al. (2008)+1 other referenceBoscardin et al. (2011)Boscardin et al. (1975)Boscardin et al. (2011)Boscardin et al. (2011)+1 other referenceBoscardin et al. (2011)Boscardin et al. (2011)Tisato et al. (2012)+1 other referencePizzolaro M. (1989)"Minerali del Vicentino - La natrolite" ...+1 other referenceF.Zorzi (2014)M.Boscardin. V. Frisone Studi e Ricerche - Associazione Amici del Museo Museo Civico "G. Zannato " Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza)Studi e Ricerche - Associazione Amici del Museo - Museo Civico "G.Zannato" Montecchio Maggiore (VI)
    Japan
     
    Matsubara (1992)Mukai (1957)
    Jordan
     
    [var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Pitty et al. (2010)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Sokol+9 other references[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Khoury et al. (1985)
    Kazakhstan
     
    Pekov et al. (1993)+1 other referenceJeremolenko (2002)Smith et al. (1995)Blyalova et al. (2025)Evseev (1995)Fersman Mineralogical Museum collection- (n.d.)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]- (2005)Pekov et al. (2024)
    Kyrgyzstan
     
    Kolesar et al. (1993)Kolesar et al. (1993)Frondel (1958)+1 other referenceSmolyaninova et al. (1970)
    Latvia
     
    Dmitry Vorobjov's collectionEdgars Endzelins collectionPersonally collected by Edgars ...Dmitry Vorobjov's collectionDmitry Vorobjov's collectionDmitry Vorobjov's collectionDmitry Vorobjov's collection- (n.d.)
    Libya
     
    Rocks & Minerals. 14:338p.Zaruba B. (National Museum Prague, Czech republic)Rock H. Currier specimen # 1098 (Amoseas petroleum co.)Moore (2009)Tančić et al. (2024)Dr. Ludger Krahn specimenDave Bunk- (n.d.)
    Madagascar
     
    Ackermand et al. (2006)Ackermand et al. (2006)Lacroix (1915)Behier (1960)Behier (1960)Humbert et al. (1982)+4 other referencesMorteani et al. (2006)
    Malawi
     
    Garson (1962)+3 other references
    Mauritania
     
    Marsh et al. (2015)
    Mexico
     
    Moore (1998)Megaw (2023)Panczner (1987)Stone+1 other referenceGonzález-Sánchez et al. (2017)Tritlla+1 other referenceTritlla+4 other referenceswww.igme.es (n.d.)Panczner (1987)+1 other referenceTritlla+1 other referenceTritlla+1 other referencePalache et al. (1951)Philip Krieger (1933)OriglieriLavinsky (n.d.)Joan Rosell. RosellMineralsHoffmann (1968)+1 other referenceHoffmann (1968)+1 other referencePi et al. (2014)+1 other referenceMason (1976)Gaines et al. (1997)Betts (n.d.)Panczner (1987)Miranda-Gasca et al. (1998)+1 other referenceGarrett (1998)Porras-Toribio et al. (2022)
    Mongolia
     
    Savina et al. (2020)Kynický et al. (2005)+1 other referenceDostal et al. (2023)Gerel+1 other referenceBaskina et al. (1978)+2 other referencesU.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report ...+3 other referencesPeretyazhko et al. (2017)Peretyazhko et al. (2018)
    Morocco
     
    Bouabdellah et al. (2022)Jahn et al. (2003)Bayle (2000)Woolley (2001)Jeremine et al. (1947)+9 other referencesAlain Guillet collectionFavreau et al. (2006)MINERALOGICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL ...+5 other referencesRddad et al. (2016)
    Mozambique
     
    Slobodník+6 other references
    Myanmar
     
    Lin et al. (2023)
    Namibia
     
    Xu et al. (2025)Sitnikova et al. (2021)+1 other referenceanalysed - EDS & general appearance+1 other referenceHeinz Mahlzahn (2014)
    Netherlands
     
    Habers (1982)
    New Zealand
     
    ...
    Norway
     
    Zozulya et al. (2020)Neumann (1985)Vogt (1935)+1 other referenceJim EnganZozulya et al. (2018)Boundy et al. (2002)Boundy et al. (2002)
    Oman
     
    Shukolyukov et al. (2002)Russell et al. (2002)Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2003)Meteoritical Bulletin et al. (2003)- (2004, July)
    Pakistan
     
    Malkani (2011)
    Papua New Guinea
     
    Blackwell et al. (2014)Sykora et al. (2018)
    Poland
     
    Jirásek+7 other referencesJasionowski et al. (2014)UnknownPelczar A. 1973: Minetta i wogezyt w ...[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Bolewski A. (1931)Prochazka K.Lis et al. (1986)Kucha (2021)Kucha (2021)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Duczmal-Czernikiewicz et al. (2021)Bzowska G. et al. (in Polish)Kwiatkowski S. (2005)Dziedzic et al. (1983)+15 other referencesPańczyk et al. (2015)Hohenegger L. 1847: Notitzen aus der ...Muszyński M. et al. (Myszków area)+1 other referencea specimen in Henryk Teisseyre Geological Museum in Wrocław (Institute of Geological Sciences, Wrocław Universityu)Roemer (1870)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Huber et al. (1980)+1 other referenceNeschen (n.d.)Die Schwefellagerstätte in Czarkowy. ...+2 other references
    Portugal
     
    Nunes (n.d.)
    Qatar
     
    DILL et al. (2005)
    Romania
     
    Onac et al. (1995)Nicolescu Stefan (1996)Bielz (1889)
    Russia
     
    Rozhdestvina et al. (2010)Belakovskiy (2003)Doroshkevich et al. (2007)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Bulnaev et al. (2007)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Bulnaev (2001)+1 other referenceNishanbaev et al. (2016)Joan Rosell-Riba (2025)Garrett (1998)Seltmann et al. (2010)Anastasiya SERGEEVA (2023)+1 other referenceПлутахинаTamara Yu. Yakich * et al. (2024)+1 other reference[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]И.И. et al. (2023)Sharygin+9 other references[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Bolonin et al. (2009)Pekin et al. (2010)+1 other referencePekin et al. (2010)+1 other referencePekin et al. (2010)+1 other referencePekin et al. (2010)+1 other referenceArzamastsev et al. (2006) ...Prokopyev+4 other referencesРубан et al. (Authigenic Minerals in Peat Deposit of South-Eastern Corner of Vasyugan Swamp, Western Siberia)Kalinina (2015)Bea et al. (2001)[World of Stones 12:49]Naumov et al. (2008)Sharygin et al. (2008)+1 other referenceSokolovaPekov et al. (2025)maurice.strahlen.org (2004)acquired Vladimir Pluteshko+1 other referenceSharygin et al. (2014)Evseev et al. (2004)Samoylov et al. (1909)+2 other referencesDoroshkevich et al. (2016)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Nikiforov et al. (2006)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Nikiforov et al. (2006)Shadchin et al. (2024)Abrosimova et al. (2015)Korytov et al. (2005, May)Int J Econ & Environ Geology Vol 1 (1)Redin et al. (2015)Redin et al. (2015)
    San Marino
     
    web.educazione.sm (n.d.)+1 other reference
    Slovakia
     
    Koděra (1986)Ďuďa R. et al. (1993)Lipovský M.Koděra (1986)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Ďuďa (1993)Szakáll et al. (2014)Zacharov M. & Peterec D.Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Koděra (1986)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Duda et. all.Ďuďa R. (2001)Martin Števko-unpublished
    Slovenia
     
    RMZ - Materials and Geoenvironment (2005)
    South Africa
     
    Braithwaite et al. (1994)+3 other referencesUSGS Open-File Report 02–156–A+2 other referencesR. Liferovich -L. Horváth p.c. 2004Cairncross (2004)Jordi Fabre photoCairncross et al. (1995)+1 other referenceCairncross et al. (1995)+3 other referencesCairncross et al. (2013)Cairncross et al. (1995)+1 other referenceCairncross et al. (1995)+1 other reference
    Spain
     
    Georges FAVREAU collection & EDX ...Calvo Rebollar (2016)Calvo Rebollar (2014)Calvo Rebollar (2014)Calvo Rebollar (2014)Calvo Rebollar (2016)Arana et al. (1977)+1 other referenceGarcía-Veigas et al. (2015)Carlos Pareja.Calvo Rebollar (2014)Pete TescioneCalvo Rebollar (2014)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Vizcayno et al. (1995)Calvo (2008)Calvo et al. (1999)Onac et al. (2014)+1 other referenceCalvo (2018)Ковальчук et al. (2014)J. Mangas & F. J. Pérez Torrado et al. (1997)J. Mangas & F. J. Pérez Torrado et al. (1997)Calvo (2003)Calvo Rebollar (2014)Calvo Rebollar (2014)Calvo Rebollar (2014)Calvo Rebollar (2014)Calvo Rebollar (2014)Fernández Macarro et al. (1988)Fernández Macarro et al. (1988)Calvo Rebollar (2014)Bareche (2005)Cruset+4 other referencesCol. Agustin Agudo Espinosa.Mata i Perelló (1990)Josep Sanchez Lafuente i Mariol ...Bareche (2005)Calvo Rebollar (2014)Personal photo of Joan Rosell. Published article in: Mineralogistes de Catalunya / Revista de Minerales magazine (2001)Calvo Rebollar (2014)Col. Agustin Agudo Espinosa.Rui Nunes specimenCalvo Rebollar (2014)Rewitzer et al. (2018)SEM-EDS analysed by Chollet Pascal at ...Calvo Rebollar (2014)FMF Forumwww.foro-minerales.com (n.d.)Calvo Rebollar (2014)Calvo Rebollar (2014)Felipe García Miñarro's CollectionCalvo Rebollar (2014)Juan Miguel CasanovaCasanova HonrubiaCasanova HonrubiaCasanova HonrubiaCasanova HonrubiaCalvo Rebollar (2014)Queralt et al. (1997)Casanova HonrubiaCalvo Rebollar (2014)
    Sweden
     
    Wilke (1997)Kresten (1990)
    Switzerland
     
    [var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Stalder et al. (1998)Natalia Efimenko et al. (2014)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Bracke (n.d.)+1 other referenceStalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Soom (1981)+1 other referenceWeibel et al. (1990)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Stalder et al. (1998)Kipfer (1984)+1 other reference[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Stalder et al. (1998)Kenngott (1866)Bracke (n.d.)+2 other referencesWeibel et al. (1990)+1 other referenceAnsermet (2012)Ansermet (2012)Stalder et al. (1998)+1 other referenceParker et al. (1973)Ansermet (2004)+1 other referenceStalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)EDXS measurement
    Tajikistan
     
    www.pegmatite.ruEvseev (1995)L. Kruszewski collectionwww.pegmatite.ru (2009)
    Tanzania
     
    Mitchell et al. (2021)Mitchell et al. (2022)ZAITSEV et al. (2006)
    Tunisia
     
    Fermor 2011: Ore Deposits in an ...+2 other referencesJemmali et al. (2011)Decrée et al. (2008)Excaliber MineralsKeith F Compton collectionTermier (1902)Fermor 2011: Ore Deposits in an ...+1 other referenceMlayah et al. (2009)Hatira et al. (1990)Mlayah et al. (2009)Termier (1902)Souissi et al. (1997)Palache et al. (1951)Jemmali et al. (2022)G Brandstetter collectionBejaoui et al. (2014)+3 other referencesSouissi et al. (Zaghouan District, North-Eastern Tunisia)+1 other referenceSouissi et al. (1997)Souissi et al. (1997)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Somrani et al. (2025)
    Turkey
     
    Helvaci+2 other referencesHelvaci et al. (2000)+1 other referenceGüngör Yeşilova et al. (2023)García-Veigas et al. (2010)+2 other referencesHelvaci et al. (2000)+1 other referenceAmerican Mineralogist+4 other referencesCollection of NHMErik Vercammen field observations (1988)
    Turkmenistan
     
    Fersman Mineralogical Museum collection+1 other referencewebmineral.ru (2020)Evseev (1995)Evseev (1995)Vladimir A. Maltsev (1993)+2 other references
    UK
     
    Hall (1868)Hall (1868)Hall (1868)+1 other referenceHall (1868)+1 other referenceHall (1868)Render (n.d.)Render (n.d.)Render (n.d.)Render (n.d.)+1 other referenceRender (n.d.)Render (n.d.)Render (n.d.)Day (1999)Render (n.d.)Hall (1868)Proc Bristol Naturalist society 1973 ...[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Stanley C. J. et al. (1996)Palache et al. (1951)Render (n.d.)Mason (1976)Day (1999)Hall (1868)BMS CollectionDay (1999)Render (n.d.)Hall (1868)Rutley (1902)Smith et al. (2014)Smith et al. (2014)Kemp et al. (2016)Render (n.d.)Article in WSM&LC JournalHall (1868)Day (1999)Render (n.d.)Hall (1868)Render (n.d.)Render (n.d.)Ford (2000)Ford et al. (1993)+1 other referenceRender (n.d.)Specimen in Alan Goldstein collectionGreg et al. (1858)Palache et al. (1951)LivingstoneDay (1999)Garfield et al. (2008)+1 other referenceGarfield et al. (2008)+1 other referenceGarfield et al. (2008)+1 other referenceGarfield et al. (2008)+1 other reference
    Ukraine
     
    Andreychouk et al. (2017)Geologiya SSSR. Poleznye iskopaemye (The geology of USSR. Commercial mineral)Geologiya SSSR. Poleznye iskopaemye (The geology of USSR. Commercial mineral)Dvoichenko P.A. The minerals of Crimea (1914)Dvoichenko P.A. The minerals of Crimea (1914)Sokol et al. (2018)Dvoichenko P.A. The minerals of Crimea (1914)Geologiya SSSR. Poleznye iskopaemye (The geology of USSR. Commercial mineral)Geologiya SSSR. Poleznye iskopaemye (The geology of USSR. Commercial mineral)Alexander I. Tischenko (1996)Belous et al. (1984)Шаталов (2016)Simone Conti Collection
    USA
     
    Ransom (1974)- (1968)Cook et al. (1982)Dean (1995)- (2008)Anthony et al. (1995)Hanson et al. (2008)Anthony et al. (1995)Galbraith (1959)Keith (1978)+1 other referenceMRDS database Dep. ID file #10027194MRDS database Dep. ID file #10027195MRDS database Dep. ID file #10027197Keith (1978)+1 other referenceMRDS database Dep. ID file #10027199MRDS file #10027552.MRDS file #10060160.Phalen (1914)+3 other referencesUniv. AZ Bull. 41 (1916-17)+4 other referencesButler (1929)+6 other referencesMichael Cline CollectionLasky et al. (1949)+1 other referenceAnthony et al. (1995)Anthony et al. (1995)Smith et al. (1996)H. Barwood - unpublished (2010)Rocks & Min.: 63:111.Rocks & Min.:63:110+1 other referenceRocks & Minerals (1988)+1 other referenceHoward (1987)+1 other referenceSmith (1988)Hewett et al. (1936)+2 other referencesCalifornia Division of Mines and Geology+5 other referenceswww.mineralsocal.org (1999)Pemberton (1983)+1 other referencea spectroscopic exploration. Economic ...+1 other referenceErd et al. (1970)+2 other referencesChandler (1996)Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology ...+2 other referencesErd et al. (1970)+2 other referencesErd et al. (1970)+1 other referenceMartin et al. (2020)DeVito (1989)Murdoch (1962)+6 other references[micromounts@yahoogroups.com]Tucker (1926)+1 other reference- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)Tucker et al. (1943)+5 other referencesField trip informationR.M. Housley and R.E. Reynolds (2002)Knopf (1918b)+5 other referencesKnopf (1918b)+3 other referencesDr. Housley R.Gale (1951)+4 other referencesPalache et al. (1951)Knopf (1918b)+3 other referencesUSGS Bulletin 2160+1 other reference[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Olson et al. (1954)+2 other references- (2005)Mallery (1916)+4 other referencesMurdoch et al. (1940)+4 other references- (2005)Ver Planck et al. (1950)+5 other referencesHanks (1889)+3 other referencesPhalen (1914)+1 other referenceMarty et al. (2010)+1 other referenceHousley R.Collected and EDS analyzed by Bob ...American MineralogistMoore (1935)+2 other referencesLivingston et al. (2005, December)Ver Planck et al. (1950)+3 other referencesThorne (n.d.)Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Holmes et al. (1983)Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Armbrustmacher (1988)Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Kampf et al. (2012)Eckel et al. (1997)2009 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ...+1 other referenceThorne (n.d.)King (n.d.)Carnein et al. (2005)Econ Geol (1985)Carnein et al. (2005)Frank K. Mazdab collectionU.S. Geological Survey Professional ...+1 other referenceLindgren et al. (1906)2009 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ...Lovering et al. (1950)Lovering et al. (1950)Eckel et al. (1997)Ryerson (1972)+2 other referencesJohn BurnhamMoritz (n.d.)Former Chris Sloane collectionUSGS Circular 1059 pp129-137USGS Circular 1059 pp129-137USGS Circular 1059 pp129-137Tank (1972)+2 other referencesGarcia et al. (2020)Mahaffey et al. (2022)Goldstein (1997)Goldstein (1997)Min News (1993)Rocks & Min.: 63:210-226+1 other referenceRocks & Min.:63:216 & 218.Erd et al. (1960)Rocks & Min.: 61:147.+1 other referenceRocks & Min.:61:148+1 other referencewww.indiana.eduErd et al. (1960)Rocks & Min.:61:150+1 other referenceErd et al. (1960)Smith et al. (2002)Smith et al. (2002)Smith et al. (2002)Smith et al. (2002)Smith et al. (2002)Smith et al. (2002)Zeitner (1956)collected by Scott J. WilliamsCarpenter (1941)+1 other referenceZeitner (1956)Ransom (1974)Anderson+1 other referenceRocks and Minerals Magazine Vol. 69 No. 4 (jul/aug 1994)+1 other referenceGoldstein (2006)Goldstein (2006)T. Kennedy collectionGoldstein (2006)T. Kennedy collectionGoldstein (2006)Goldstein (2006)+1 other referenceGoldstein (2006)Goldstein (2006)Goldstein (2006)AmMin 30:639Goldstein (1997)+1 other referenceCollected by A.G.Alan Goldstein collection.Goldstein (2006)Goldstein (2006)Goldstein (2006)Goldstein (2006)Alfredo Petrov collection (with an old micromount label attribution to a "Mrs. Fox")Goldstein (2006)Goldstein (2006)Goldstein (2006)John RakovanGoldstein (2006)Goldstein (2006)Goldstein (2006)Goldstein (2006)R&M 69:3 pp 156-162R&M 69:3 pp 156-162R&M 69:3 pp 156-162R&M 69:3 pp 156-162Smith (1994)G. Scott Braley CollectionRWMW CollectionPalache et al. (1951)+1 other referenceMorris (1983)Heinrich et al. (2004)Travis Olds collectionHeinrich et al. (2004)Yalmer Primeau collectionMorris (1983)Heinrich et al. (2004)Morris (1983)Heinrich et al. (2004)Rocks & Min.: 58: 108.Heinrich et al. (2004)Economic Geology of the Sand and ...Rocks & Minerals: 58: 108.+1 other referenceHeinrich et al. 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(1996)Northrop et al. (1996)Northrop et al. (1996)Northrop et al. (1996)Northrop et al. (1996)Carol A. Hill (1993)R&M 71:1 p66-68Tankersley et al. (2016)Northrop et al. (1996)Northrop et al. (1996)Northrop et al. (1996)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Northrop et al. (1996)Northrop et al. (1996)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Northrop et al. (1996)Kelly et al. (1999)Jensen (1978)King (n.d.)Dennis PrezynaNew York State Museum Bull. 223 et al. (July-August 1919)New York State Museum Bull. 223 et al. (July-August 1919)New York State Museum Bull. 223 et al. (July-August 1919)New York State Museum Bull. 223 et al. (July-August 1919)New York State Museum Bull. 223 et al. (July-August 1919)Thibault (1935)+3 other referencesJensen (1978)Jensen (1942)AmMin 11:165Beck (1842)New York State Museum Bull. 223 et al. (July-August 1919)Donald Lapham - Personal CollectionRocks & Min.: 18:136-137.Labuz (1968)Labuz (1968)Am. Jour. Sci. (1911)Jensen (1978)+1 other referenceYale Peabody MuseumChamberlain et al. (2013)Donald LaphamNew York State Museum Bull. 223 et al. (July-August 1919)+1 other referenceNew York State Museum Bull. 223 et al. (July-August 1919)Jensen (1978)Rocks & Min. V.71Engel (1962)Robinson et al. (2007)Robinson et al. (2007)Engel (1962)Palache et al. (1951)+1 other referenceNew York State Museum mineral collection+2 other referencesNew York State Museum mineral collection+1 other referenceRansom (1974)Carlson (2015)www.rockmanjoe.com/Georgetown.html.Joseph Vasichko collection (2002)Carlson (2015)Botoman et al. (1976)+1 other referenceCarlson (2015)Carlson (1991)Carlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Mason (1976)Morrison (1935)+1 other referenceRocks & Min.: 8:145.+3 other referencesCarlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Carlson (2015)Palache et al. 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(1)+1 other referenceRansom (1974)Ransom (1974)Paris (2011)Ransom (1974)Paris (2011)Paris (2011)Paris (2011)Paris (2011)Ransom (1974)- (2005)Smith (1991)Rocks & Minerals: 66 (3)Smith (1991)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)Smith (1991)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)Smith (1991)Specimens were collected in the 1970's ...Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)+1 other referenceSmith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)- (2005)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Price (1983)Analysis by Don Slater showed Ba-Rich ...Smith (1991)- (2005)- (2005)Smith (1991)- (2005)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Mason (1976)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)Rocks & Minerals: 66 (3)+1 other referenceSmith (1991)Smith (1991)Smith (1991)www.usgs.gov (2017)Girard (1964)Smith (1991)+1 other reference- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)Smith (1991)- (2005)Smith (1991)R. 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No 2:Landes (1929)+1 other referenceCannon (1975)Zeitner (1968)Ransom (1974)Zeitner (1968)Williams+3 other referencesZeitner (1968)Nicolay & Stone (1967)Cordua (1998)Carlson (1998)Cordua (1998)Hobbs (1895)Cordua (1998)Cordua (1998)William Cordua collectionOsterwald (1952)
    Uzbekistan
     
    Uklonskiy et al. (1964)+1 other referenceСайитов et al. (2023)Mirzaev et al. (2004)Anthony et al. (1990)
    Vietnam
     
    THUY et al. (2017)[var: Barium-bearing Celestine]Gupta et al. (2005)
    Yemen
     
    Mattash et al. (2008)+1 other reference
    The Moon
     
    Mokhov et al. (2006)+2 other referencesMokhov A.V. et al. (2018)
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