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Brackebuschite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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Pb2Mn3+(VO4)2(OH)
Colour:
Dark brown to black; reddish brown in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
4 - 5
Specific Gravity:
6.05
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named by A. Döring in 1880 in honour of German mineralogist and geologist Ludwig Brackebusch (March 4, 1849, Northeim, Germany - June 2, 1906 Hannover, Germany), Professor of Mineralogy, University of Córdoba (1875-1888), Córdoba, Argentina, and author of several papers on Argentine minerals. He returned to Germany in 1888 and worked as a consulting geologist.
Type Locality:
Brackebuschite Group. The Pb analogue oftokyoite, Mn analogue ofcalderónite, and Pb-Mn analogue ofgamagarite. Chemically similar tokrettnichite,paseroite, andpyrobelonite.

A rare secondary mineral occurring in the oxidized zones of hydrothermal Pb-Zn deposits.

Crystal structure details (Lafuente & Downs, 2016): (1)ccp set of O and Pb atoms; (2) chains of edge-sharing MnO6 octahedra, surrounded by 2 unique VO4 tetrahedra; (3)1[MnO4/2O2/1] chain connected sharing vertex with one vanadate group; (4) second vanadate group sharing two vertices with two octahedra, thus forming Mn2V ring; (5)1[Mn(VO4)2OH] chains, parallel to and twisted along [010]; (6) PbO8 and PbO11 polyhedra joining the previous chains; (7) one Pb and two Mn cations are bridged by OH group, which participates in a hydrogen bond with vanadate group of the adjacent chain.


Unique Identifiers

Classification of Brackebuschite

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
G : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH, etc.):RO4 = 0.5:1
40.2.8.1

40 : HYDRATED NORMAL PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
2 : AB2(XO4)2·xH2O
21.4.18

21 : Vanadates (and vanadates with arsenate or phosphate)
4 : Vanadates of U, Mn, Fe or Ni

Mineral Symbols
Transparency:
Translucent, Opaque
Colour:
Dark brown to black; reddish brown in transmitted light.
Streak:
Yellow
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
6.05 g/cm3 (Measured)    6.11 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Brackebuschite
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v strong
Optical Extinction:
X^a = 20°; Y=b
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X = Nearly colourless
Y = Dark reddish brown
Z = Reddish brown

Chemistry of Brackebuschite

Crystallography of BrackebuschiteTres de Mayo, Santa Cruz County, Arizona, USA 1986
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
4.95 Å(80)
3.25 Å(100)
3.08 Å(50)
2.98 Å(60)
2.76 Å(80)
2.13 Å(40)
1.720 Å(60)

Geological Environment
General Appearance of Type Material:
Dark brown elongated crystals
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
The Natural History Museum, London, England: #55819. Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA: #96255.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidized hydrothermal veins in a Pb-Zn deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Other Language Names for Brackebuschite

Relationship of Brackebuschite to other Species
Other Members of Brackebuschite Supergroup:
AldomarinoiteSr2Mn3+(AsO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m
ArsenbrackebuschitePb2Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P2/m
ArsentsumebitePb2Cu(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m
BearthiteCa2Al(PO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m
BushmakinitePb2Al(PO4)(VO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m
CalderónitePb2Fe3+(VO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m
CanosioiteBa2Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m
FeinglositePb2Zn(AsO4)2 · H2OMon. 2/m
FerribushmakinitePb2Fe3+(PO4)(VO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m
GamagariteBa2Fe3+(VO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m
GoedkeniteSr2Al(PO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m
GrandaiteSr2Al(AsO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m
LombardoiteBa2Mn3+(AsO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m
TokyoiteBa2Mn3+(VO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m
TsumebitePb2Cu(PO4)(SO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m
Unnamed (possible ordered As-analogue of Tokyoite)Ba2Mn[(As,V)O4]2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m

Common AssociatesMon. 2/m :P21/m8.BG.DongchuanitePb4ZnZn2(PO4)4(OH)2Tric.1 :P18.BG.CuprodongchuanitePb4CuZn2(PO4)4(OH)2Tric.1 :P18.BG.CanosioiteBa2Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m8.BG.05FeinglositePb2Zn(AsO4)2 · H2OMon. 2/m8.BG.05TokyoiteBa2Mn3+(VO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m8.BG.05LombardoiteBa2Mn3+(AsO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m8.BG.05BearthiteCa2Al(PO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m8.BG.05Unnamed (possible ordered As-analogue of Tokyoite)Ba2Mn[(As,V)O4]2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m8.BG.05GamagariteBa2Fe3+(VO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m8.BG.05ArsentsumebitePb2Cu(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m8.BG.05UM1994-19-PO:CuHMoPbPb2Cu(PO4)(MoO4,AsO4,CrO4,GaO4)(OH)8.BG.05FerribushmakinitePb2Fe3+(PO4)(VO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m8.BG.05ArsenbrackebuschitePb2Fe3+(AsO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P2/m8.BG.05GoedkeniteSr2Al(PO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m8.BG.05TsumebitePb2Cu(PO4)(SO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m8.BG.05BushmakinitePb2Al(PO4)(VO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m8.BG.05CalderónitePb2Fe3+(VO4)2(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m8.BG.10MélonjosephiteCaFe2+Fe3+(PO4)2(OH)Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pbam8.BG.15TancoiteLiNa2Al(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pbca8.BG.20DmisokoloviteK3Cu5AlO2(AsO4)4Mon. 2/m :B2/b8.BG.25ShchurovskyiteK2CaCu6O2(AsO4)4Mon. 2 :B28.BG.30WrightiteK2Al2O(AsO4)2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pmma8.BG.35PolyarsiteNa7CaMgCu2(AsO4)4F2ClMon. 2/m

Fluorescence of Brackebuschite

Other Information
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  • References for BrackebuschiteEl Guaico mining districtSureda (1978)Palache et al. (1951)+3 other references
    Australia
     
    Simpson Mineral Collection of the ...+7 other references
    Austria
     
    Auer (2020)
    China
     
    Guangming Yang (1980)
    DR Congo
     
    Mineralogical Society of America - ...
    Gabon
     
    Bariand et al. (1963)
    Germany
     
    Brugger et al. (2001)Gröbner et al. (2011)
    South Africa
     
    Costin et al. (2014)
    Spain
     
    Calvo Rebollar (2015)Carmona Ruiz+2 other references
    USA
     
    Ron Layton self collectedGalbraith (1959)Anthony et al. (1995)Rruff project. Raman and XRD analyzed.+1 other referenceAnthony et al. (1995)rruff.geo.arizona.edu (2006)
     
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