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Bieberite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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After the discovery locality, Bieber, Hessen, Germany.
Type Locality:
ⓘ"Im Lochborn" Copper mine, Bieber, Biebergemünd, Main-Kinzig-Kreis, Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany
Melanterite Group.

A secondary mineral formed by the oxidation of sulfide and arsenide ores containing cobalt. Often a post-mining product.

May dehydrate tomoorhouseite.


Unique Identifiers
IMA Formula:
Co(SO4) · 7H2O

Classification of Bieberite

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
C : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O
B : With only medium-sized cations
Dana 8th ed.:
29.6.10.4

29 : HYDRATED ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
6 : AXO4·xH2O
Hey's CIM Ref.:
25.12.1

25 : Sulphates
12 : Sulphates of Co and Ni

Mineral SymbolsJolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of Bieberite
Transparency:
Translucent, Opaque
Comment:
Luster/texture becomes mealy upon dehydration to the hexahydrate.
Colour:
Red-pink, flesh-red; colourless to pale rose in transmitted light.
Hardness:
2 onMohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {001} perfect; on {110} fair.
Density:
1.96 g/cm3 (Measured)    1.83 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Bieberite
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none

Chemistry of Bieberite

Crystallography of Bieberite
Click on an icon to view
Bieberite no.1 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided bywww.smorf.nl.

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Edge Lines |Miller Indices |Axes

Transparency
Opaque |Translucent |Transparent

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Crystal Structure

Synonyms of Bieberite

Other Language Names for Bieberite

Relationship of Bieberite to other Species
Other Members of Melanterite Group:
Alpersite(Mg,Cu)(SO4) · 7H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b
BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b
MallarditeMnSO4 · 7H2OMon. 2/m :P2/m
MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b
Zincmelanterite(Zn,Cu,Fe)SO4 · 7H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b

Common AssociatesMon. 2/m :P21/m7.CB.02VoudourisiteCdSO4 · H2OMon. 2/m :P21/m7.CB.05SzmikiteMnSO4 · H2OMon. 2/m :B2/b7.CB.05SzomolnokiteFeSO4 · H2OMon. 2/m :B2/b7.CB.05CobaltkieseriteCoSO4 · H2OMon. 2/m :B2/b7.CB.05DwornikiteNi(SO4) · H2OMon. 2/m :B2/b7.CB.05KieseriteMgSO4 · H2OMon. 2/m :B2/b7.CB.05Poitevinite(Cu,Fe)SO4 · H2OTric.1 :P17.CB.05GunningiteZnSO4 · H2OMon. 2/m :B2/b7.CB.07SanderiteMgSO4 · 2H2OOrth. 222 :P2121217.CB.10BonattiteCuSO4 · 3H2OMon.m :Bb7.CB.12BelogubiteCuZn(SO4)2 · 10H2OTric.1 :P17.CB.15DrobeciteCdSO4 · 4H2OMon. 2/m :P21/m7.CB.15Aplowite(Co,Mn,Ni)SO4 · 4H2OMon. 2/m7.CB.15CranswickiteMgSO4 · 4H2OMon.m :Bb7.CB.15RozeniteFeSO4 · 4H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.15StarkeyiteMgSO4 · 4H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.15IlesiteMn2+(SO4) · 4H2OMon. 2/m7.CB.15BoyleiteZnSO4 · 4H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.20SiderotilFeSO4 · 5H2OTric.7.CB.20JôkokuiteMnSO4 · 5H2OTric.1 :P17.CB.20PentahydriteMgSO4 · 5H2OTric.1 :P17.CB.20ChalcanthiteCuSO4 · 5H2OTric.1 :P17.CB.25ChvaleticeiteMn(SO4) · 6H2OMon. 2/m :B2/b7.CB.25NickelhexahydriteNi(SO4) · 6H2OMon. 2/m :B2/b7.CB.25HexahydriteMgSO4 · 6H2OMon. 2/m :P2/m7.CB.25BianchiteZn(SO4) · 6H2OMon. 2/m :P2/m7.CB.25MoorhouseiteCo(SO4) · 6H2OMon. 2/m :B2/b7.CB.25FerrohexahydriteFeSO4 · 6H2OMon. 2/m :B2/b7.CB.30RetgersiteNiSO4 · 6H2OTet. 422 :P412127.CB.35Zincmelanterite(Zn,Cu,Fe)SO4 · 7H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.35MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.35Alpersite(Mg,Cu)(SO4) · 7H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.35BoothiteCuSO4 · 7H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.35MallarditeMnSO4 · 7H2OMon. 2/m :P2/m7.CB.40EpsomiteMgSO4 · 7H2OOrth. 222 :P2121217.CB.40GoslariteZnSO4 · 7H2OOrth. 222 :P2121217.CB.40MorenositeNiSO4 · 7H2OOrth. 222 :P2121217.CB.45Meta-alunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 12H2OOrth.7.CB.45AlunogenAl2(SO4)3 · 17H2OTric.1 :P17.CB.50AluminocoquimbiteAl2Fe2(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2OTrig.3m(32/m) :P31c7.CB.50Lazaridisite3CdSO4 · 8H2OMon. 2/m :B2/b7.CB.52PararaisaiteCuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.55ParacoquimbiteFe4(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2OTrig.3 :R37.CB.55Rhomboclase(H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2OOrth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma7.CB.55RaisaiteCuMg[Te6+O4(OH)2] · 6H2OMon. 2/m :B2/b7.CB.55CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2OTrig.3m(32/m) :P31c7.CB.57CaichengyuniteFe2+3Al2(SO4)6 · 30H2OMon.7.CB.60KorneliteFe2(SO4)3 · 7H2OMon. 2/m :P21/m7.CB.65QuenstedtiteFe2(SO4)3 · 11H2OTric.1 :P17.CB.70LauseniteFe2(SO4)3 · 5H2OMon. 2/m :P21/m7.CB.75RömeriteFe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2OTric.1 :P17.CB.75LishizheniteZnFe2(SO4)4 · 14H2OTric.1 :P17.CB.80RansomiteCuFe2(SO4)4 · 6H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.85Dietrichite(Zn,Fe2+,Mn2+)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.85HalotrichiteFeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 2 :P27.CB.85ApjohniteMn2+Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.85Redingtonite(Fe2+,Mg,Ni)(Cr,Al)2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 27.CB.85PickeringiteMgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.85BíliniteFe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.85Wupatkiite(Co,Mg,Ni)Al2(SO4)4 · 22H2OMon. 2/m :P21/b7.CB.90MeridianiiteMgSO4 · 11H2OTric.1 :P1

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    • References for BieberiteⓘLeogangPalache et al. (1951)+1 other referenceR.Poeverlein (2016)Strasser (1989)Niedermayr et al. (2009)
    Chile
     
    Palache et al. (1951)
    Costa Rica
     
    Ulloa et al. (2018)
    Czech Republic
     
    Lapis 2002 (7/8)
    DR Congo
     
    Lhoest (1992)
    France
     
    www.zampano.com (n.d.)+1 other referenceFiche BSS BRGM n° 11183X4002/GTDe Ascenção Guedes et al. (2002)Gourault C. (1997)
    Germany
     
    Walenta (1992)Walenta (1992)Palache et al. (1951)+1 other referenceWeiß (1990)Weiß (1990)Der Aufschluss 2000 (2)Palache et al. (1951)Graf (1982)Weiß (1990)Weiß (1990)Weiß (1990)Weiß (1990)Dana 7:II:506.Betts (n.d.)Christophe Boutry collectionWittern (2001)
    Greece
     
    Skarpelis et al. (2009)
    Italy
     
    Carbone et al. (2002)Exel (1987)C.L. Garavelli (1957)
    Japan
     
    The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed)The Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed)
    Portugal
     
    Antonio Jesus Pimentel specimens+1 other referenceAlves (n.d.)
    Russia
     
    E. Shcherbakova et al. : "The rarest ...Kasatkin et al. (2014)
    Slovakia
     
    Kodě+1 other reference
    Spain
     
    Joan Viñals. Barcelona University. ...
    Switzerland
     
    Stalder et al. (1998)
    UK
     
    Golley et al. (1995)
    USA
     
    Bollin et al. (1958)+2 other referencesAnthony et al. (1995)Gornitz (2004)MRDS file #10027310.+1 other referenceGilluly (1946)+1 other referenceJ.F. CooperWoodhouse (1957a)+3 other referencesLandon (1927)+4 other referencesConroy (2023)Rocks & Minerals: 21: 750-753.+1 other referenceLapham et al. (1965)Thompson et al. (1955)Analyzed by SEM EDS and in the ...Bullock (1981)
    Zimbabwe
     
    Vetter et al. (1999)+1 other reference
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