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Zinnwaldite

A solid-solution series between two end-member minerals
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Named after its discovery locality at Zinnwald, on the border between Germany and the Czech Republic. Zinnwald was named for its tin deposits.
Series Formula:
KFe22+Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 toKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2
A series betweenSiderophyllite andPolylithionite

Mica Group.

No longer a species - a series of trioctahedral micas on, or close to, thesiderophyllite-polylithionite join; dark micas containing lithium (Rieder et al., 1998).

-1M, -2M, and -3T polytypes are known.

The original zinnwaldite material came from Cínovec / Zinnwald (Cinvald), Erzgebirge; Krusné Hory Mts, Saxony & Ústí Region (Bohemia; Böhmen; Boehmen), Germany & Czech Republic.



Unique Identifiers

Classification of Zinnwaldite
17.2.9

17 : Silicates Containing other Anions
2 : Silicates with fluoride

Mineral SymbolsJolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of Zinnwaldite
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent

Crystal Structure
Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Synonyms of Zinnwaldite

Other Language Names for Zinnwaldite

Relationship of Zinnwaldite to other Species
Other Members of Trioctahedral mica:
AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m
BalestraiteKLi2V5+Si4O12Mon. 2 :B2
BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
EphesiteNaLiAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Tric. 1 :P1
GarmiteCsLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon.
HendricksiteKZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m
KreiteriteCsLi2Fe3+(Si4O10)F2Mon.
Masutomilite(K,Rb)(Li,Mn3+,Al)3(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2 :B2
NorrishiteKLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2Mon. 2/m :B2/m
OrloviteKLi2Ti(Si4O10)OFMon. 2 :B2
PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b
Polylithionite-Trilithionite Series
PreiswerkiteNaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b
ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m
ShirozuliteKMn2+3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m
SokolovaiteCsLi2Al(Si4O10)F2Mon.
Suhailite(NH4)Fe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m
TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m
TrilithioniteK(Li1.5Al1.5)(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b
Wonesite(Na,K)(Mg,Fe,Al)6((Al,Si)4O10)2(OH,F)4Mon. 2/m :B2/m

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    • References for ZinnwalditeⓘEbelekanKesraoui et al. (2002)Bouabsa et al. (2010)Kesraoui et al. (2002)+1 other reference
    Argentina
     
    Rocks & Min. (2007)[Polylithionite]Colombo et al. (2011)Morello et al. (2016)AVILA+2 other referencesFOGLIATA[Polylithionite]Lira et al. (2023)[Polylithionite]López de Azarevich et al. (2021)[Polylithionite]Demartis et al. (2011)
    Australia
     
    Henley et al. (2001)Henley et al. (2001)Henley et al. (2001)R Botttrill[Siderophyllite]EverardBottrill (unpub.)[Polylithionite]Eagle (2009)- (Perth 2007)+2 other referencesHesperian Press+2 other references- (Perth 2007)+2 other referencesJacobson et al. (2007)Report of the Department of Mines for ...+2 other referencesJacobson et al. (2007)Simpson Mineral Collection of the ...+1 other referenceMarshall et al. (2016)- (2002)Marshall et al. (2016)Pegmaites of Western Australia+2 other referencesPegamatites of Western Australia+2 other referencesHesperian Press+2 other referencesHesperian Press+2 other references- (Perth 2007)+2 other referencesJacobson et al. (2007)Hesperian Press+2 other referencesHesperian Press+2 other referencesHesperian Press+2 other referencesHesperian Press+2 other referencesPegamtites of Western Australia+2 other references
    Botswana
     
    Phili et al. (2024)
    Brazil
     
    [Polylithionite]Ronchi et al. (2019)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)+1 other reference[Polylithionite]Sighnolfi et al. (2008)+2 other references[Siderophyllite]Alves Santos et al. (2021)[Siderophyllite]Leandro et al. (2022)[Siderophyllite]M. Abrahao Moura et al. et al. (2)- (2002)[Siderophyllite]Raimbault (1993)+1 other reference[Polylithionite]Lopes et al. (2024)Quéméneur et al. (1999)Quéméneur et al. (1999)[Polylithionite]Lagache et al. (1997)[Siderophyllite]Barros Neto et al. (2020)Dias (2012)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]Debowski et al. (2022)[Siderophyllite]Siachoque+2 other references
    Cambodia
     
    [Polylithionite]Piilonen et al. (2023)
    Cameroon
     
    Koch (E41)+4 other references
    Canada
     
    www.davidkjoyceminerals.comPhillips (1978)Bannatyne (1985)Bannatyne (1985)[Polylithionite]Cerny et al. 2012+1 other referenceParrish (1977)Taylor (1992)[Polylithionite]Feng et al. (2015)[Polylithionite]Feng et al. (2015)[Polylithionite]Feng et al. (2015)[Polylithionite]Northern Mineral Showings DatabaseWalker et al. (1924)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]O'Reilly et al. (1982)Hay (2000)Tindle et al. (2002)+1 other referenceBlackburn C. et al (2002)[Siderophyllite]Tindle et al. (2005)Tindle et al. (2002)[Polylithionite]PERRAULT (1966)+2 other references[Polylithionite]Horváth et al. (1998)[Polylithionite]Horváth et al. (1998)Winchell (1942)[Polylithionite]Miller (1990)+4 other references
    China
     
    [Siderophyllite]Zhang et al. (2022)[Siderophyllite]Chen Diyun et al. (1997)Fengjun Nie et al. (2004)[Siderophyllite]Dezi Wang et al. (1995)Zhu et al. (2001)Zhu et al. (2001)Zhu et al. (2001)[Siderophyllite]Guo et al. (2022)[Polylithionite]Fan G. et al. (2013)[Polylithionite]Qu et al. (2023)[Polylithionite]Qu et al. (2023)+1 other referenceGuangming Yang et al. (1985)Zhifang Zeng et al. (2008)Diao et al. (2022)[Siderophyllite]Wu et al. (2022)Ganfu Shen and Jinsha Xu (2006)Gu Xiongfei et al. (1976)+1 other referenceYuzhou Li (1990)Xiangli Chen et al. (2003)Jianming Fu et al. (2007)Xingyu Liao (2000)+3 other referencesJingbin Wang (1990)Jia et al. (2024)+1 other referenceZhang et al. (2022)[Siderophyllite]Chen et al. (2023)+1 other referenceXiaojun Yuan et al. (2004)+1 other referenceYingchen Ren et al. (1986)Yunhuai Lin and Shiyang Chen (1985)Dongquan Hu et al. (2011)Zhenghui Chen et al. (2006)+3 other referencesFangquan Du (1986)+1 other referenceJilu Mu (1986)[Siderophyllite]Chen Diyun et al. (1997)[Siderophyllite]Changshi Liu et al. (1994)+1 other referenceFaning Wang (1990)Xianchang Luo (1983)Jianxiang Xu et al. (2007)Shigui Zhang (1977)+1 other referenceDingtang Huang (2003)Dingtang Huang (2003)+1 other referenceDingtang Huang (2003)Belkasmi et al. (2000)Desong Lin (1993)[Siderophyllite]Ma et al. (2022)[Siderophyllite]Liu et al. (2022)[Polylithionite]Yuzhuang Sun et al. (2010)Chenghua Zhang and Guodong Ji (1983)[Siderophyllite]Zeng et al. (2023)Rucheng Wang et al. (2018)Kang et al. (2024)[Siderophyllite]Yuping Su et al. (2007)Zhi et al. (2021)[Polylithionite]www.smartminerals.com (2004)Ouyang et al. (2024)Ouyang et al. (2024)Feibao Wu and Zongyu Li (1986)
    Czech Republic
     
    Durisova (1988)Durisova (1988)Breiter et al. (December 1997)- (1998)[Siderophyllite]Rieder et al. (1970)Ivo VašinaJanečka et al. (stav ke dni 1.7.1966)[Polylithionite]Welser+1 other reference[Polylithionite]Scarlett Urbanová (2021)Gramblička (n.d.)Vrtiška et al. (2020)Breiter et al. (2024)Stemprok et al. (2014)Krejčí Kotlánová et al. (2024)[Siderophyllite]Rieder et al. (1970)Rieder et al. (1970)Krejčí Kotlánová et al. (2024)Krejčí Kotlánová et al. (2024)[Siderophyllite]Rieder et al. (1970)[Polylithionite]Rob Lavinsky (ex. Josef Vajdak specimen)Novák et al. (1996)Staněk[Polylithionite]Rieder et al. (1970)[Polylithionite]Scarlett Urbanová (2021)Nemec (1982)[Polylithionite]Škoda et al. (2012)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]Schreyer et al. (1993)[Siderophyllite]Staněk (1997)[Polylithionite]Novotný et al. (2019)[Polylithionite]Flégr et al. (2017)[Polylithionite]Novák+4 other references[Polylithionite]Flégr et al. (2017)[Polylithionite]Novák+2 other references[Polylithionite]P. Pauliš (2001)[Polylithionite]P. Pauliš (2001)
    DR Congo
     
    De Bondt (n.d.)Pohl et al. (2013)
    Egypt
     
    [Siderophyllite]MinMag 63:821-836Alekseev et al. (2023)Küster (2009)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]Sami et al. (2017)+2 other references[Siderophyllite]Abdalla (2006)Alekseev et al. (2023)[Polylithionite]Abd El-Naby (2009)[Polylithionite]Mahdy et al. (2024)
    Eswatini
     
    [Polylithionite]Grew et al. (2018)
    Europe
     
    [Polylithionite]Rieder et al. (1970)
    Finland
     
    Geologian tutkimuskeskus et al. (ed.)[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)[Siderophyllite]Haapala Ilmari 1977 Petrography and ...[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)
    Finland/Russia
     
    [Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)[Siderophyllite]Haapala et al. (2005)[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)
    France
     
    Monnier et al. (2021)Mourey Y. (1985)[Siderophyllite]Cluzel et al. (2024)Patureau (2008)[Siderophyllite]Eur. J. Mineral.[Siderophyllite]Eur. J. Mineral.
    Germany
     
    70.+1 other referenceWalenta (1992)Aufschluss 1972 (10)Walenta (1992)Weiß (1990)Weiß (1990)Weiß (1990)Lapis (7/8)Lapis 2002 (11)Hochleitner (1985)Hanneberg et al. (2009)+1 other referenceHirschmann (1987)Weiß (1990)Palache et al. (1951)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]Rieder et al. (1970)[Polylithionite]René (2019)[Siderophyllite]Rieder et al. (1970)Wittern (2001)Lapis 30 (7/8)www.minmax.net[Siderophyllite]Baumann et al. (2000)[Siderophyllite]Lauf (2006)
    Greece
     
    [Siderophyllite]Kevrekidis et al. (2024)
    Greenland
     
    [Polylithionite]Bøggild (1953)+1 other reference[Polylithionite]McDonald et al. (2001)+1 other reference[Polylithionite]Petersen (2001)[Polylithionite]Lorenzen (1881)+2 other references[Polylithionite]B. Otter collection[Polylithionite]Petersen (2001)[Polylithionite]Julian Gray (2002)Ussing (1912)[Polylithionite]Friis et al. (2004)[Polylithionite]Metcalf-Johansen (1977)[Polylithionite]Friis et al. (2004)[Polylithionite]Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)[Polylithionite]Cole (2003)[Polylithionite]Bøggild (1953)[Polylithionite]Otter (2016)Petersen et al. (1993)
    India
     
    Singh et al. (1991)[Siderophyllite]Dessai et al. (1990)[Siderophyllite]Roy et al. (2022)
    Ireland
     
    [Siderophyllite]Barros et al. (2022)[Polylithionite]Barros et al. (2022)[Siderophyllite]Barros et al. (2022)
    Italy
     
    [Siderophyllite]Pezzotta et al. (1999)Pezzotta (2005)- (as a monograph)+2 other references- (as a monograph)+2 other references[Siderophyllite]Pezzotta et al. (1999)Guastoni et al. (2004)Bonino Franco Luca's CollectionPiccoli et al. (2007)[Siderophyllite]Grill (1935)[Siderophyllite]Albertini (1983)Gallitelli P. (1938)+4 other referencesPezzotta (2005)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]Albertini (2000)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]Guastoni et al. (2019)[Siderophyllite]Guastoni et al. (2019)Stara et al. (1996)[Siderophyllite]Ferretti et al. (2008)
    Japan
     
    [Polylithionite]Imaoka et al. (2024)[Polylithionite] ...Yamada (2004)Masutomi Museum specimens+2 other referencesPetrov (n.d.)Harada (1976)Z. Harada (1954)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]Shirose (2021)Am.Min. 62:594 (1977)
    Kazakhstan
     
    [Polylithionite]Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)[Siderophyllite]Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)[Siderophyllite]Evseev (1995)
    Kyrgyzstan
     
    [Polylithionite]Pautov et al. (2013)
    Madagascar
     
    Behier (1963)Behier (1960)Ranorosoa (1986)Wilson (1989)Behier (1963)
    Malawi
     
    [Polylithionite]Petersen et al. (1994)
    Malaysia
     
    Teh (1981)Jackson et al. (1985)
    Mongolia
     
    [Polylithionite]Econ Geol (1995)+2 other references[Polylithionite]Kovalenko et al. (1995)+2 other references[Polylithionite]Econ Geol (1995)[Polylithionite]Hawthorne et al. (1986)Dostal et al. (2024)Tumenbayar et al. (2000)
    Morocco
     
    [Polylithionite]Khadem Allah (1993)
    Mozambique
     
    Figueiredo et al. (2008)[Polylithionite]Gomes et al. (2022)[Polylithionite]Thomas et al. (2010)[Polylithionite]Neiva (2014)
    Myanmar
     
    Hong Wang et al. (2013)
    Namibia
     
    www.prodg.cc/johnston/erongo.htmAshworth (2014)Cairncross et al. (2006)[Polylithionite]www.koeln.netsurf.de (1999)+5 other references
    Niger
     
    [Siderophyllite]J. Fabriès and G. Rocci
    Nigeria
     
    Imeokparia (1983)
    North Korea
     
    Shibata (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969)+1 other referenceKondo (1940)Shibata (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969)+1 other reference
    Norway
     
    [Siderophyllite]Müller et al. (2006)[Siderophyllite]Müller et al. (2006)[Siderophyllite]Rosing-Schow et al. (2017)[Siderophyllite]Müller et al. (2017)[Siderophyllite]Rosing-Schow et al. (2017)[Siderophyllite]Rosing-Schow et al. (2017)Frigstad (1999)Larsen (1981)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]Wilhelmsen (2020)[Siderophyllite]Wilhelmsen (2020)[Polylithionite]Rosing-Schow et al. (2017)Larsen et al. (1982)[Siderophyllite]De La Cruz et al. (2021)[Siderophyllite]De La Cruz et al. (2021)[Polylithionite]Larsen et al. (2005)[Polylithionite]Larsen et al. (2010)[Polylithionite]Larsen et al. (1991)[Polylithionite]Larsen et al. (2010)[Polylithionite]Berge (n.d.)[Polylithionite]Berge (n.d.)[Polylithionite]Berge (n.d.)[Polylithionite]Raade et al. (1980)[Polylithionite]Larsen et al. (2010)[Polylithionite]Larsen et al. (2010)[Polylithionite]Åsheim (1994)[Polylithionite]Larsen et al. (2010)[Polylithionite]Knut Edvard Larsen collection # MM-324 (Visual id only)[Polylithionite]Larsen et al. (2010)[Polylithionite]Larsen et al. (2010)[Polylithionite]Raade et al. (1980)+1 other reference[Polylithionite]Larsen et al. (2010)+1 other reference[Polylithionite]Larsen et al. (2013)[Polylithionite]Raade et al. (1980)
    Pakistan
     
    [Polylithionite]Jose Zendrera Collection[Polylithionite]imported from Shigar District+1 other reference
    Peru
     
    collections of Rock Currier+1 other reference
    Poland
     
    Pieczka et al. (2018)Körber et al. (2005)
    Portugal
     
    Neiva et al. (2000)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]Breiter et al. (2023)Maijer 1965Rui Nunes' collection - visit with ...[Siderophyllite]
    Romania
     
    [Siderophyllite]Papp et al. (2005)
    Russia
     
    Bulnaev (2006)[Polylithionite]Bailey (1980)[Siderophyllite]Cherednichenko (2023)[Siderophyllite]Alekseev et al. (2017)[Siderophyllite]Shunso Ishihara et al. (1997)+3 other references[Siderophyllite]Shunso Ishihara et al. (1997)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]Bortnikov et al. (2008)[Siderophyllite]Goryachev (2001)[Polylithionite][World of Stones 95:5-6[Polylithionite]Pekov et al. (2004)[Polylithionite]Pekov (2000)[Polylithionite]Pekov (1998)[Polylithionite]Voloshin A.V. et al. (1986)Pekov et al. (2008)[Polylithionite]Pekov (2003)[Polylithionite]Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)+1 other reference[Polylithionite]Semenov E.I. (1972)[Polylithionite]Pekov et al. (2010)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]Grant et al. (2001)Shunso Ishihara et al. (1997)+3 other references[Siderophyllite]Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)[Polylithionite][World of Stones 12:49][Siderophyllite]Trunilina et al. (2021)[Polylithionite]Trunilina et al. (2024)[Siderophyllite]Trunilina et al. (2024)[Polylithionite]Trunilina et al. (2024)[Siderophyllite]Sokol et al. (2010)information from people[Siderophyllite]webcenter.ru (2002)[Siderophyllite]Sokol et al. (2010)Kuznetsova (2009)Bailey (1980)[Polylithionite]Seltmann et al. (2010)[Polylithionite]Kapustin et al. (1965)[Polylithionite]Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)[Polylithionite]Thomas et al. (2009)- (n.d.)[Polylithionite]Sharygin et al. (2014)[Siderophyllite]Thomas et al. (2009)Stupak et al. (2008)[Siderophyllite]Kasatkin et al. (2014)
    Rwanda
     
    [Siderophyllite]Royal Museum for Central Africa[Siderophyllite]Bertossa (1968)+1 other reference
    Saudi Arabia
     
    du Bray+2 other references
    Slovakia
     
    Koděra (1986)Petrik et al. (2011)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)
    South Africa
     
    Cairncross et al. (1995)Cairncross et al. (1995)Cairncross et al. (1995)Cairncross et al. (1995)
    South Korea
     
    Shibata (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969)+1 other referenceShibata (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969)+1 other referenceShibata (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969)+1 other referenceShibata (in: Geology and Mineral Resources of the Far East, University of Tokyo Press, 1969)+1 other referenceHarada et al. (1944)
    Spain
     
    Alejandro Sánchez JiménezAlejandro Sánchez Jiménez[Polylithionite]Dill et al. (2023)Dill et al. (2023)[Polylithionite]Dill et al. (2023)[Polylithionite]Dill et al. (2023)J.A.CENDONAm Min 90:1887-1899[Polylithionite]Tánago et al. (2012)Garate-Olave I et al. (2014)Borrajo et al. (2024)Borrajo et al. (2024)
    Sweden
     
    [Siderophyllite]Jan-Anders Perdahl (2003)[Polylithionite]Sandström (2008)[Siderophyllite]
    Switzerland
     
    [Siderophyllite]Weiβ et al. (2007)www.mineralienatlas.de (n.d.)[Siderophyllite]C. Lemanski (re-entry of lost Mindat data)
    Tajikistan
     
    [Polylithionite]Grew et al. (1994)+6 other referencesPavlova et al. (2009)- (1998)
    UK
     
    Golley et al. (1995)Hey M H et al. (1938)Barstow (1982)+2 other referencesBarstow (1982)+1 other reference[Specimen in the Natural History Museum[Siderophyllite]Rieder et al. (1970)[Siderophyllite]Nockolds et al. (1939)M.Wirth and BMS collectionsHall et al. (1972)
    Ukraine
     
    Esipchuk K. (2001)[Siderophyllite]Liventseva (n.d.)Dumańska-Słowik et al. (2013)
    USA
     
    - (2008)[Siderophyllite]AmMin 29:373- (2008)Econ Geol (1988)Econ Geol (1986)[Polylithionite]Anthony et al. (1995)[Polylithionite]Anthony et al. (1995)Jahns (1952)+1 other referenceWilson (1949)+2 other references[Siderophyllite]Henry Barwood - unpublished (2010)[Polylithionite]Karl Estes (1998)+1 other referenceHoward (2007)[Polylithionite]H. Barwood - unpublished (2010)Pemberton (1983)+1 other reference[Polylithionite-1M]David Lowe personally analyzed sample ...illus.+1 other referenceJahns et al. (1951)Jahns et al. (1951)Jahns et al. (1951)[Polylithionite]American MineralogistEckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)[Polylithionite]Brigatti et al. (2000)Richard Fretterd and Jean Cowman (2016)[Polylithionite]AmMin 85:1275-1286 (2000)Eckel et al. (1997)[Polylithionite]American MineralogistRocks & Minerals 76:298-325Eckel et al. (1997)AMERICAN MINERALOGIST 50:96-104+1 other referenceBob CobbanBob Cobban+1 other referenceEckel et al. (1997)[Polylithionite]Walstrom (n.d.)[Polylithionite]Eckel et al. (1997)[Polylithionite]Brigatti et al. (2000)[Polylithionite]Brigatti et al. (2000)Joseph Dorris (2015)+1 other reference[Polylithionite]Brigatti et al. (2000)Schooner (circa 1985)W.C. van Laer: the Sawtooth batholithW.C. van LaerW.C. van LaerW.C. van LaerRocks & Min. 70:246+3 other referencesKing et al. (1994)+1 other referenceBernstein (1980)[Siderophyllite]Hitchen (1)Hagni (1984)+1 other referenceBiennial Report of the State Geologist Transmitted to the General Assembly. (1919)Rocks & Min.: 21:500-501.[Siderophyllite]McCallum (1996)Mandarino (2000)[Siderophyllite]Rocks & Minerals 80:4 pp242-261+1 other referenceRocks & Min 80:249NMSRocks & Minerals Vol.65 No.4+1 other referenceMorrill+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]Earl Verbeek[Polylithionite]4th Annual New Mexico Mineral Symposium (1985)[Polylithionite]Laszlo Horvath collectionWilson et al. (1978)[Siderophyllite]Speer et al. (1981)Gems & Minerals 395 (August, 1970)[Siderophyllite]Speer et al. (1981)Smith et al. (2000)USGS Prof Paper 297B+1 other referenceLemke et al. (1952)[Siderophyllite]Dietrich (1990)[Polylithionite]Micro Probe Volume VI Number 8+1 other referenceFalster et al. (1996)[Siderophyllite]Falster (1987)Rocks & Min.: 62: 190-193.Buchholz et al. (2017)
    Zimbabwe
     
    [Siderophyllite]Klemm et al. (2000)Ackermann et al. (1968)geology.csupomona.edu (2001)+1 other reference[Siderophyllite]Vetter et al. (1999)
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