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Stevensite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered - questionable
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(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2
Colour:
White, pale yellow, pale brown, pale pink
Lustre:
Waxy, Earthy
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
2.15 - 2.57
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Smectite Group
Name:
Named after Edwin Augustus Stevens (28 July 1795, Castle Point, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA - 8 August 1868, Paris, France), founder of the Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey (USA), in recognition of the high technical expertise achieved by engineering graduates of his college. Stevens was a co-founder of the Union Line Transportation Company in 1823, which began operation in the 1830s with one of the first railroads in the USA.
Type Locality:
ⓘBergen Hill, Bergen County & Hudson County, New Jersey, USA
Isostructural with:
Smectite Group
This page provides mineralogical data about Stevensite.


Unique Identifiers
IMA Formula:
(Ca,Na)xMg3-ySi4O10(OH)2

Classification of Stevensite

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Dana 8th ed.:
71.3.1b.6

71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
3 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 clays
Hey's CIM Ref.:
14.4.14

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
4 : Silicates of Mg

Mineral SymbolsJolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of Stevensite
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
White, pale yellow, pale brown, pale pink
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2½ onMohs scale
Comment:
High hardness may be due to relict pectolite
Tenacity:
Fragile
Cleavage:
Perfect
{001}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Comment:
Usually in clay-sized particles
Density:
2.15 - 2.57 g/cm3 (Measured)    2.07 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
May have relict pectolite

Optical Data of Stevensite
Surface Relief:
Low
Dispersion:
none
Optical Extinction:
May be isotropic
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Comments:
High refractive indices may be due to dehydration or transition to nontronite, etc.

Chemistry of Stevensite
Common Impurities:
Ti,Al,Fe,Mn,Na,K,H2O

Crystallography of Stevensite
General Appearance of Type Material:
radiate, forming arrow-headed masses
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number R4719.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
veins in trap rock
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Calcite

Synonyms of Stevensite

Other Language Names for Stevensite

Relationship of Stevensite to other Species
Other Members of Smectite Group:
Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m
FerrosaponiteCa0.3(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
HectoriteNa0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m
Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m
NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m
PimeliteNi3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2OHex.
Saliotite(Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5Mon. 2/m :B2/m
SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.
SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m
VolkonskoiteCa0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.
Yakhontovite(Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2OMon.
ZincsiliteZn3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O (?)Mon.

Common AssociatesTric.1 :P19.EC.BalestraiteKLi2V5+Si4O12Mon. 2 :B29.EC.05TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2Tric.1 :P19.EC.05MinnesotaiteFe2+3Si4O10(OH)2Tric.1 :P19.EC.05WillemseiteNi3Si4O10(OH)2Mon.9.EC.9.EC.VoloshiniteRb(LiAl1.5◻0.5)(Al0.5Si3.5)O10F2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.10FluorluanshiweiiteKLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.10GarmiteCsLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon.9.EC.10GorbunoviteCsLi2(Ti,Fe)Si4O10(F,OH,O)2Mon.9.EC.10FerripyrophylliteFe3+Si2O5(OH)Mon. 2/m9.EC.10ManganiceladoniteK(MgMn3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.10LuanshiweiiteKLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.10PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2Tric.19.EC.15ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.15FerroaluminoceladoniteK(Fe2+Al◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15NanpingiteCsAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.15FerroceladoniteK(Fe2+Fe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15Ganterite(Ba,Na,K)(Al,Mg)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.15KreiteriteCsLi2Fe3+(Si4O10)F2Mon.9.EC.15RoscoeliteKV3+2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.15AluminoceladoniteK(MgAl◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15Tobelite(NH4)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15ChromceladoniteK(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2 :B29.EC.15MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15ChromphylliteKCr2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.15BoromuscoviteKAl2(BSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m9.EC.15UM1988-22-SiO:AlCaFFeHKLiMgKLiMgAl2Si3O10F2Mon.9.EC.15Chernykhite(Ba,Na)(V3+,Al,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.15MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.20MasutomiliteK(LiAlMn2+)[AlSi3O10]F2Mon. 2 :B29.EC.20OxyphlogopiteK(Mg,Ti,Fe)3[(Si,Al)4O10](O,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20Chloroferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(Cl,OH,F)29.EC.20SiderophylliteKFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.20SokolovaiteCsLi2Al(Si4O10)F2Mon.9.EC.20HendricksiteKZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20FluoranniteKFe2+3(Si3Al)O10F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20Suhailite(NH4)Fe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20EphesiteNaLiAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Tric. 1 :P19.EC.20NorrishiteKLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20YangzhumingiteKMg2.5(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20OrloviteKLi2Ti(Si4O10)OFMon. 2 :B29.EC.20TetraferrianniteKFe2+3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20TrilithioniteK(Li1.5Al1.5)(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.20PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.20ShirozuliteKMn2+3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20PreiswerkiteNaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.20FluorophlogopiteKMg3(Si3Al)O10F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20Wonesite(Na,K)(Mg,Fe,Al)6((Al,Si)4O10)2(OH,F)4Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20UM2004-49-SiO:AlCsFHKLi(Cs,K)(Al,Li)2.6((Si,Al)4O10)(F,OH)29.EC.20FluorotetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20AnniteKFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.22PimeliteNi3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2OHex.9.EC.30MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.30Chlorophaeite(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Fe2Si4O13 · 10H2O9.EC.35Kinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Mn2+,Al)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35ClintoniteCaAlMg2(SiAl3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35Oxykinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(O,OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35FluorokinoshitaliteBaMg3(Al2Si2O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.35Anandite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3((Si,Al,Fe)4O10)(S,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.40Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.40Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.40VolkonskoiteCa0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.9.EC.40NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.40Kurumsakite(Zn,Ni,Cu)8Al8V5+2Si5O35 · 27H2O (?)Orth.9.EC.40Yakhontovite(Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2OMon.9.EC.45SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.45HectoriteNa0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.45ZincsiliteZn3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O (?)Mon.9.EC.45HanjiangiteBa2CaV3+Al(H2AlSi3O12)(CO3)2FMon. 2 :B29.EC.45SpadaiteMgSiO2(OH)2 · H2O (?)9.EC.45FerrosaponiteCa0.3(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.9.EC.45SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.9.EC.45SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.9.EC.50VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2OMon. 2/m9.EC.52Tarasovitenear NaKAl11Si13O40(OH)9 · 3H2O9.EC.55ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.55Borocookeite(LiAl4◻)[BSi3O10](OH)8Mon.m :Bb9.EC.55FranklinfurnaceiteCa2Fe3+Mn2+3Mn3+(Zn2Si2O10)(OH)8Mon. 2 :B29.EC.55PennantiteMn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric.9.EC.55VakhrushevaiteMg5Cr(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric.19.EC.55Nimite(Ni,Mg,Al)6((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.55Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8Mon. 2/m9.EC.55Gonyerite(Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8Orth.9.EC.55Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.55Orthochamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)89.EC.55Baileychlore(Zn,Fe2+,Al,Mg)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8Tric.19.EC.55SudoiteMg2Al3(Si3Al)O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.55GlagoleviteNa(Mg,Al)6(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8Tric. 1 :P19.EC.55DonbassiteAl4.33(Si3Al)O10(OH)8Mon. 2 :B29.EC.60DozyiteMg7Al2(Al2Si4O15)(OH)12Mon.9.EC.60Rectorite(Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2OMon.9.EC.60Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2OOrth.9.EC.60AliettiteCa0.2Mg6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 4H2OMon.9.EC.60Karpinskite(Ni,Mg)2Si2O5(OH)2 (?)Mon.9.EC.60LunijianlaiteLi0.7Al6.2(AlSi7O20)(OH,O)10Mon.9.EC.60TosuditeNa0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2OMon. 2 :B29.EC.60HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.60Saliotite(Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.60KulkeiteMg8Al(AlSi7O20)(OH)10Mon.9.EC.60BrinrobertsiteNa0.3Al4(Si4O10)2(OH)4 · 3.5 H2OMon.9.EC.65Macaulayite(Fe,Al)24Si4O43(OH)2Mon.9.EC.70BurckhardtitePb2(Fe3+Te6+)[AlSi3O8]O6Trig.3m(32/m) :P31m9.EC.75Niksergievite(Ba,Ca)2Al3(AlSi3O10)(CO3)(OH)6 · nH2OMon.9.EC.75Ferrisurite(Pb,Ca)2.4Fe3+2(Si4O10)(CO3)1.7(OH)3 · nH2OMon.9.EC.75Surite(Pb,Ca)3(Al,Fe2+,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(CO3)2(OH)2Mon. 2 :P219.EC.80KegelitePb8Al4(Si8O20)(SO4)2(CO3)4(OH)8Mon.

Fluorescence of Stevensite

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    • References for StevensiteⓘRedpa quarrywww.crocoite.com (2003)Bottrill et al. (2002)
    Austria
     
    Zirkl (1985)+1 other reference
    Bolivia
     
    Bougeault et al. (2019)
    Canada
     
    GSC collection specimen
    Ethiopia
     
    López-García et al. (2020)
    Germany
     
    Sehrig (2007)
    Hungary
     
    Szakáll: Minerals of Szár Hill
    Italy
     
    Balestra et al. (2020)IVM Magazine - Bulletin of the ...+1 other referenceFabio Tosato et al. (2024)
    Japan
     
    SAKAMOTO et al. (1975)Yamada (2004) ...Otsu et al. (1963) ...
    Morocco
     
    MINERALOGICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL ...+5 other references
    Namibia
     
    Buch et al. (1996)
    Norway
     
    Bancroft et al. (2001)
    Pacific Ocean
     
    Tuomo Törmänen (2005)
    Poland
     
    Harańczyk C. (1974)+1 other reference ... ...
    Romania
     
    www.minerals-of-the-carpathians+2 other references
    Russia
     
    webmineral.ru (2020)Contributions to Mineralogy and ...Sorokhtina et al. (2008)
    Slovakia
     
    Uher et al. (Malé Karpaty, JZ Slovensko)
    South Africa
     
    Cairncross et al. (1995)
    South America Plate
     
    Silva et al. (2025)Schrank et al. (2024)
    Sweden
     
    Holtstam et al. (1999)
    Tajikistan
     
    Badalov et al. (1976)
    UK
     
    Golley et al. (1995)Golley et al. (1995)[Specimen in the Natural History Museum+2 other references ...National Museum of Wales collection
    USA
     
    Anthony et al. (1995)Anthony et al. (1995)Anthony et al. (1995)Howard (1987)Cooper et al. (2003)www.benitoitemine.comAmMin 47:996+3 other referencesAndersonKing et al. (1994)Clays and Clay MineralsCastor et al. (2004)Focus on Fort Lee - A Key and Guide to ...+1 other referenceAmMin 44:342 (1959)Manchester (1931)Manchester (1931)Manchester (1931)Bradley Plotkin CollectionMinerals of Laurel Hill et al. (published privately)Mins. of NYC & Its Environs (1931)+1 other referenceAmer. Museum of Nat. History+1 other referenceAmerican Museum of Nat. History+1 other referenceVitali (1978)+1 other referenceRocks & Min.:13:75-79.Rocks & Min.:13:75-79.Manchester (1931)Clays and Clay Minerals+4 other referencesNorthrop et al. (1996)Jensen (1978)DeRudder & Beck 11th National ...Collected by Steve OkulewiczThe American Mineralogist Vol.44+1 other referenceVandall Kinggsa.confex.com (n.d.)Dietrich (1990)Hawley (1934)
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