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Pyrophyllite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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From the Greek for "fire" (πῦρ, pyr) and "leaf" (φύλλον, phyllos) for the way it exfoliates when heated.
Type Locality:
ⓘPyshminsk deposit, Berezovsk deposit, Beryozovsky, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
Pyrophyllite-Talc Group.
The Al analogue offerripyrophyllite.

Two polytypes are known, a monoclinic one (2M) and a triclinic one (1A).

Visit gemdat.org forgemological information about Pyrophyllite.



Unique Identifiers

Classification of Pyrophyllite

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Dana 8th ed.:
71.2.1.1

71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
2 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 layers
Hey's CIM Ref.:
15.5

15 : Silicates of Aluminum

Mineral Symbols
Transparency:
Translucent, Opaque
Colour:
White, gray, pale blue, pale green, pale yellow, brownish green
Hardness:
1 - 2 onMohs scale
Tenacity:
Flexible
Cleavage:
Perfect
on {001}
Comment:
inelastic
Density:
2.65 - 2.9 g/cm3 (Measured)    2.81 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Pyrophyllite
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v weak

Chemistry of Pyrophyllite

Chemical AnalysisCottonstone Mountain, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, USA 782
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
- Å()
Comments:
X-ray powder diffraction data available on the polytype pages.

Geological Environment

Synonyms of Pyrophyllite

Other Language Names for Pyrophyllite

Varieties of PyrophylliteChrome-PyrophylliteA Cr-bearing variety of pyrophyllite.

Originally reported from Mitterberg District, Dienten, Salzburg, Austria.GelpyrophylliteThe gel form of pyrophyllite.

Relationship of Pyrophyllite to other Species
Other Members of Pyrophyllite-Talc Group:
FerripyrophylliteFe3+Si2O5(OH)Mon. 2/m
MinnesotaiteFe2+3Si4O10(OH)2Tric.1 :P1
TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2Tric.1 :P1
WillemseiteNi3Si4O10(OH)2Mon.

Common AssociatesTric.1 :P19.EC.BalestraiteKLi2V5+Si4O12Mon. 2 :B29.EC.05TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2Tric.1 :P19.EC.05MinnesotaiteFe2+3Si4O10(OH)2Tric.1 :P19.EC.05WillemseiteNi3Si4O10(OH)2Mon.9.EC.9.EC.VoloshiniteRb(LiAl1.5◻0.5)(Al0.5Si3.5)O10F2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.10FluorluanshiweiiteKLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.10GarmiteCsLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon.9.EC.10GorbunoviteCsLi2(Ti,Fe)Si4O10(F,OH,O)2Mon.9.EC.10FerripyrophylliteFe3+Si2O5(OH)Mon. 2/m9.EC.10ManganiceladoniteK(MgMn3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.10LuanshiweiiteKLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.15ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.15FerroaluminoceladoniteK(Fe2+Al◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15NanpingiteCsAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.15FerroceladoniteK(Fe2+Fe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15Ganterite(Ba,Na,K)(Al,Mg)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.15KreiteriteCsLi2Fe3+(Si4O10)F2Mon.9.EC.15RoscoeliteKV3+2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.15AluminoceladoniteK(MgAl◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15Tobelite(NH4)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15ChromceladoniteK(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2 :B29.EC.15MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15ChromphylliteKCr2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.15BoromuscoviteKAl2(BSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m9.EC.15UM1988-22-SiO:AlCaFFeHKLiMgKLiMgAl2Si3O10F2Mon.9.EC.15Chernykhite(Ba,Na)(V3+,Al,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.15MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.20MasutomiliteK(LiAlMn2+)[AlSi3O10]F2Mon. 2 :B29.EC.20OxyphlogopiteK(Mg,Ti,Fe)3[(Si,Al)4O10](O,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20Chloroferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(Cl,OH,F)29.EC.20SiderophylliteKFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.20SokolovaiteCsLi2Al(Si4O10)F2Mon.9.EC.20HendricksiteKZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20FluoranniteKFe2+3(Si3Al)O10F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20Suhailite(NH4)Fe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20EphesiteNaLiAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Tric. 1 :P19.EC.20NorrishiteKLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20YangzhumingiteKMg2.5(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20OrloviteKLi2Ti(Si4O10)OFMon. 2 :B29.EC.20TetraferrianniteKFe2+3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20TrilithioniteK(Li1.5Al1.5)(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.20PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.20ShirozuliteKMn2+3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20PreiswerkiteNaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.20FluorophlogopiteKMg3(Si3Al)O10F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20Wonesite(Na,K)(Mg,Fe,Al)6((Al,Si)4O10)2(OH,F)4Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20UM2004-49-SiO:AlCsFHKLi(Cs,K)(Al,Li)2.6((Si,Al)4O10)(F,OH)29.EC.20FluorotetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20AnniteKFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.22PimeliteNi3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2OHex.9.EC.30MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.30Chlorophaeite(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Fe2Si4O13 · 10H2O9.EC.35Kinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Mn2+,Al)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35ClintoniteCaAlMg2(SiAl3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35Oxykinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(O,OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35FluorokinoshitaliteBaMg3(Al2Si2O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.35Anandite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3((Si,Al,Fe)4O10)(S,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.40Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.40Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.40VolkonskoiteCa0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.9.EC.40NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.40Kurumsakite(Zn,Ni,Cu)8Al8V5+2Si5O35 · 27H2O (?)Orth.9.EC.40Yakhontovite(Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2OMon.9.EC.45SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.45HectoriteNa0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.45ZincsiliteZn3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O (?)Mon.9.EC.45HanjiangiteBa2CaV3+Al(H2AlSi3O12)(CO3)2FMon. 2 :B29.EC.45SpadaiteMgSiO2(OH)2 · H2O (?)9.EC.45FerrosaponiteCa0.3(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.9.EC.45Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.45SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.9.EC.45SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.9.EC.50VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2OMon. 2/m9.EC.52Tarasovitenear NaKAl11Si13O40(OH)9 · 3H2O9.EC.55ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.55Borocookeite(LiAl4◻)[BSi3O10](OH)8Mon.m :Bb9.EC.55FranklinfurnaceiteCa2Fe3+Mn2+3Mn3+(Zn2Si2O10)(OH)8Mon. 2 :B29.EC.55PennantiteMn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric.9.EC.55VakhrushevaiteMg5Cr(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric.19.EC.55Nimite(Ni,Mg,Al)6((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.55Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8Mon. 2/m9.EC.55Gonyerite(Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8Orth.9.EC.55Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.55Orthochamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)89.EC.55Baileychlore(Zn,Fe2+,Al,Mg)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8Tric.19.EC.55SudoiteMg2Al3(Si3Al)O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.55GlagoleviteNa(Mg,Al)6(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8Tric. 1 :P19.EC.55DonbassiteAl4.33(Si3Al)O10(OH)8Mon. 2 :B29.EC.60DozyiteMg7Al2(Al2Si4O15)(OH)12Mon.9.EC.60Rectorite(Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2OMon.9.EC.60Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2OOrth.9.EC.60AliettiteCa0.2Mg6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 4H2OMon.9.EC.60Karpinskite(Ni,Mg)2Si2O5(OH)2 (?)Mon.9.EC.60LunijianlaiteLi0.7Al6.2(AlSi7O20)(OH,O)10Mon.9.EC.60TosuditeNa0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2OMon. 2 :B29.EC.60HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.60Saliotite(Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.60KulkeiteMg8Al(AlSi7O20)(OH)10Mon.9.EC.60BrinrobertsiteNa0.3Al4(Si4O10)2(OH)4 · 3.5 H2OMon.9.EC.65Macaulayite(Fe,Al)24Si4O43(OH)2Mon.9.EC.70BurckhardtitePb2(Fe3+Te6+)[AlSi3O8]O6Trig.3m(32/m) :P31m9.EC.75Niksergievite(Ba,Ca)2Al3(AlSi3O10)(CO3)(OH)6 · nH2OMon.9.EC.75Ferrisurite(Pb,Ca)2.4Fe3+2(Si4O10)(CO3)1.7(OH)3 · nH2OMon.9.EC.75Surite(Pb,Ca)3(Al,Fe2+,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(CO3)2(OH)2Mon. 2 :P219.EC.80KegelitePb8Al4(Si8O20)(SO4)2(CO3)4(OH)8Mon.

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    • References for PyrophylliteⓘBarton PeninsulaGoldschmidt Conference: Journal of Conference Abstracts Volume 5 (2)
    Argentina
     
    Ballivián Justiniano et al. (2016)FRANCHINI (27º26'S-66º16'O)+1 other referencePadrón de Minas de la Provincia de Chubut (2005)MAIZA+2 other referencesSinger et al. (2005)Ryziuk et al. (2016)Eduardo O. Zappettini and Marcelo Dalponte (2009)Singer et al. (2008)Perelló et al. (2023)Sillitoe et al. (2019)
    Armenia
     
    Moritz et al. (2016)Moritz et al. (2016)
    Australia
     
    ...Power (1893)Loughnan et al. (1976)+1 other referenceHertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Hertzberger et al. (1978)Wilde (1988)Betts (n.d.)Page (2011)Narromine 1:250 000 Mine Data Sheets+1 other referenceMonecke (2002)Hurtig et al. (2014)Corral et al. (2019)- (n.d.)+1 other referenceCorral et al. (2019)Corral et al. (2019)Corral et al. (2019)Corral et al. (2019)Corral et al. (2019)Crooks A.F. and Abbot P.J. (2004)Nicolson et al. (2017)Crooks A.F. and Abbot P.J. (2004)Bottrill et al. (2008)Bottrill+1 other referenceRalph Bottrill et al in prep.+1 other referenceR. BottrillBottrill et al. (2008)Bottrill et al. (2008)AGSO Research Newsletter May 2000Huston et al. (2001)Huston (2007)Roberts et al. (2004)
    Austria
     
    G. Niedermayr: Carinthia II 187./107.:172 (1997)Niedermayr et al. (1995)www.univie.ac.at (2020)Fechner et al. (1985)Strasser (1989)Strasser (1989)Strasser (1989)Strasser (1989)Strasser (1989)Strasser (1989)A. Steiner (2006)Meixner (1968)Strasser (1989)Exel (1993)Strasser (1989)Pelikan (1895)unpublishedPostl (1994)
    Azerbaijan
     
    İsmayıl et al. (2021)Mansurov et al. (2018)
    Belgium
     
    Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Mélon et al. (1976)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2014)Hatert et al. (2002)Mélon et al. (1976)+1 other referenceHatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)+1 other referenceHatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Anten (1912)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Buttgenbach (1947)+1 other referenceDejonghe et al. (1993)Hatert et al. (2002)Michel Blondieau.+2 other referencesMélon et al. (1976)+1 other referenceHatert et al. (2002)Mélon et al. (1976)+2 other referencesHatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Mélon et al. (1976)+1 other referenceBlondieau (2005)
    Bolivia
     
    Alfonso et al. (2025)Cacho et al. (2019)Torres et al. (2019)+1 other referenceSillitoe et al. (1998)Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998)Spencer (1907)Sillitoe et al. (1998)Federico Ahlfeld and Jorge Munoz Reyes: Las Especies Minerales de Bolivia (Banco Minero de Bolivia, 1955)
    Brazil
     
    Cassedanne et al. (1980)MR v 20.6 pg 465Waber et al. (1992)+1 other referenceRafael Hernandes Corrêa-Silva ...R Corrêa-Silva collectionCassedanne (1989)Chris D. Parkinson et al.
    Bulgaria
     
    Hikov et al. (2011)Marchev et al. (2002)Singer et al. (2008)Moritz et al. (2004)Singer et al. (2008)+2 other referencesJana Kuncheva et al. (2022)Hikov (2004)+1 other referenceHIKOV et al. (APS)+1 other referenceDamyanov et al. (2001)Georgieva+2 other references
    Canada
     
    Peatfield (n.d.)albite alunite andalusite andesine ...Macdonald et al. (1996)Singer et al. (2008)personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield (see comments in description)Mauthner et al. (2006)Woodside (n.d.)Duuring et al. (2009)Voegeli (2022)Febbo et al. (2019)Macdonald et al. (1996)+1 other reference- (n.d.)+2 other referencesJ. T. Shearer (2002)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2005)personal correspondence with Giles Peatfield (see comments in description)BC Mining Reports 1970+1 other reference450-453+4 other referencesSparkes et al. (2016)Dube et al. (1998)+2 other referencesSinger et al. (2008)Grant (2009)Berger et al. (2009)Tourigny et al. (1993)+3 other referencesTaner et al. (1993)Grema et al. (2024)McDonald et al. (NTS 105 D/3, 6)
    Chile
     
    Economic Geology+2 other referencesOndruš et al. (2006)Ossandón C. et al. (2001)Singer et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)Vidal et al. (2022)Econ Geol (1976)Thompson et al. (2004)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Lohmeier et al. (2025)Lohmeier et al. (2022)Singer et al. (2008)Deyell et al. (2005)+1 other referenceEscolme et al. (2020)HENLEY et al. (2011)+1 other referenceDeyell et al. (2005)Singer et al. (2008)Gómez-Gajardo et al. (2024)Econ Geol (1985)Asadzadeh et al. (2025)Singer et al. (2008)- (2003)- (2003)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)Singer et al. (2008)
    China
     
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    Egypt
     
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    Eswatini
     
    Cairncross (2004)
    Europe
     
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    Kazakhstan
     
    Filimonov et al (2005)+1 other referenceDill (1999)Akhmetova et al. (2025)
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    Madagascar
     
    Behier (1963)
    Malaysia
     
    Caisheng Zhao et al. (2004)
    Mexico
     
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    Middle East
     
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    Mongolia
     
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    Nicaragua
     
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    Singer et al. (2008)Percival et al. (1994)Altherr et al. (2017)Serafimovski et al. (2003)
    Norway
     
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    Papua New Guinea
     
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    Poland
     
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    Romania
     
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    Serbia
     
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    D. Pienaar. (2014)Cairncross photo ID 729104Cairncross et al. (1995)Econ Geol (1994)Jolley et al. (2004)Cairncross photo ID 729116De Jager (2015)Fuchs et al. (2017)Montinaro et al. (2015)Cairncross et al. (1995)+1 other referenceCairncross et al. (1995)Schoch et al. (1985)Cairncross et al. (1995)Cairncross et al. (1995)+1 other reference
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