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Polydymite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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From the Greek πολνς, many, and διδνμος, twin, because it was observed in twinned forms.
Type Locality:
ⓘGrüneau Mine (Grüne Au Mine; Grünau Mine), Schutzbach, Daaden-Herdorf, Altenkirchen, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany
Linnaeite Group, and theThiospinel Group.Linnaeite-Polydymite Series.

Comparesiegenite,violarite.


Unique Identifiers
First published:
1876
Type description reference:
Laspeyres, H. (1876) Chemische Untersuchungen von Nickelerzen; 1. Polydymit, ein neues Nickelerz. Journal für Praktische Chemie: 122: 397-413.

Classification of Polydymite

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
D : Metal Sulfides, M: S = 3 :4 and 2:3
A : M:S = 3:4
Dana 8th ed.:
2.10.1.7

2 : SULFIDES
10 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 3:4
Hey's CIM Ref.:
3.11.4

3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
11 : Sulphides etc. of Ni

Mineral Symbols
Colour:
Violet gray, copper red, light gray, or steel gray
Streak:
Black gray
Hardness:
4½ - 5½ onMohs scale

Optical Data of Polydymite
Common Impurities:
Fe,Co

Crystallography of PolydymiteDry Nickel mine, Bindura, South Rhodesia, Rhodesia 1991
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
2.87 Å(100)
1.678 Å(80)
2.37 Å(60)
1.825 Å(50)
0.994 Å(50)
1.060 Å(40)
3.36 Å(30)

Geological Environment
Reference:
Laspeyres, H. (1876) Chemische Untersuchungen von Nickelerzen; 1. Polydymit, ein neues Nickelerz. Journal für Praktische Chemie: 122: 397-413.

Synonyms of Polydymite

Other Language Names for Polydymite

Varieties of Polydymite

Relationship of Polydymite to other Species
Other Members of Linnaeite Subgroup:
CadmoinditeCdIn2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
Cuprorhodsite(Cu1+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh3+2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
DaubréeliteFe2+Cr3+2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
GreigiteFe2+Fe3+2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
GrimmiteNiCo2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
InditeFeIn2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
JoegoldsteiniteMnCr2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
KalininiteZnCr2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
LinnaeiteCo2+Co3+2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
SiegeniteCoNi2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
Tarkianite(Cu,Fe)(Re,Mo)4S8Iso.43m :F43m
ViolariteFe2+Ni3+2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
XingzhongitePb2+Ir3+2S4Iso.
Forms a series with:
LinnaeiteLinnaeite-Polydymite Series
ViolaritePolydymite-Violarite Series

Common AssociatesMon. 2/m :B2/b2.DA.ZaykoviteRh3Se4Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.DA.EzochiiteCu+(Rh3+Pt4+)S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.GrimmiteNiCo2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.ZolenskyiteFeCr2S4Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.DA.05ShiranuiiteCu+(Rh3+Rh4+)S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05FletcheriteCuNi2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05Florensovite(Cu,Zn)Cr1.5Sb0.5S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m)2.DA.05SiegeniteCoNi2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05CadmoinditeCdIn2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05KalininiteZnCr2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05ViolariteFe2+Ni3+2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05NickeltyrrelliteCuNi2Se4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05LinnaeiteCo2+Co3+2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05CarrolliteCuCo2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05Cuproiridsite(Cu,Fe)Ir2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05Cuprorhodsite(Cu1+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh3+2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05BerndlehmanniteCu(CrV)S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05TrüstedtiteNi3Se4Iso.2.DA.05DaubréeliteFe2+Cr3+2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05CuprokalininiteCuCr2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05GreigiteFe2+Fe3+2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05JoegoldsteiniteMnCr2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05BornhardtiteCo2+Co3+2Se4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05TyrrelliteCu(Co,Ni)2Se4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05InditeFeIn2S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m2.DA.05XingzhongitePb2+Ir3+2S4Iso.2.DA.05MalaniteCu1+(Ir3+Pt4+)S4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m)2.DA.10RhodostanniteCu1+(Fe2+0.5Sn4+1.5)S4Tet. 4/m :I41/a2.DA.10ToyohaiteAg1+(Fe2+0.5Sn4+1.5)S4Tet. 4/m :I41/a2.DA.15BrezinaiteCr3S4Mon. 2/m2.DA.15Heideite(Fe,Cr)1.15(Ti,Fe)2S4Mon. 2/m2.DA.20KonderiteCu3Pb(Rh,Pt,Ir)8S16Hex. 6/m :P6/m2.DA.20InaglyiteCu3Pb(Ir,Pt)8S16Hex.2.DA.25KingstoniteRh3S4Mon. 2/m :B2/m

Other Information
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  • Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project
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    • References for PolydymiteⓘJetty PeninsulaAndronikov et al. (2021)
    Australia
     
    Bottrill et al. (2002)A. R. SeymonNaldrett (2004)Ostwald (1978)Thorne (n.d.)Nickel+3 other referencesMarston (1984)+2 other referencesOstwald (1978)J. Just and C.E. FeatherMarston (1984)October 1981+3 other referencesDouglas GB et al. (1993)Marston (1984)Grguric (2003)
    Austria
     
    Auer (2021)Kolitsch et al. (2018)Kolitsch (2015)Kolitsch (2021)Kolitsch et al. (2023)Kolitsch et al. (2018)Kolitsch (2023)Exel (1993)R.Poeverlein (2016)Strasser (1989)C.Auer (2016)Strasser (1989)Kolitsch et al. (2020)
    Brazil
     
    Mansur et al. (2022)
    Bulgaria
     
    Anthony et al. (1990)
    Canada
     
    Manor et al. (2014)Seiler et al. (2023)Lang (1952)+1 other referenceLang (1952)Kidd et al. (1935)Lang (1952)Nova Scotia Mineral Occurrence Database ...MDI41I06NW00012Short et al. (1930)+1 other referenceAmes et al. (2003)Ames et al. (2003)Ames et al. (2003)Ames et al. (2003)Kjarsgaard et al. (2010, June)Péntek et al. (2013)157-158.+1 other referenceAmes et al. (2017)R.J. Traill 1983+1 other referenceEcon Geology (1993)Seguin (1973)Yukon Geological SurveyHarris et al. (1984)+1 other reference
    Chile
     
    González-Jiménez et al. (2016)
    China
     
    Jiajun Liu et al. (2000)+1 other referenceFeng et al. (2022)Coveney et al. (1993)+1 other referenceNansheng Chen (1996)Zuxiang Yu et al. (1974)+1 other referenceJianmin Zheng et al. (2007)赵玉锁 et al. (2014)Youyu Li et al. (1994)Li et al. (2022)Jingwen Mao et al. (2002)+1 other referenceRunsheng Han et al. (2000)Zhang Benren et al. (1986)+1 other referenceGorshkov et al. (2006)Lizhu Li et al. (2006)Li Chaoyang (1996)Jiajun Liu et al. (2000)+1 other referenceChengjiang Zhang and Youliang Chen (2010)Zhuangzhi Qian et al. (2009)Yuechen Li et al. (2006)+1 other referenceZhu et al. (2016)Li et al. (2018)+2 other referencesNansheng Chen (1996)
    Costa Rica
     
    Schwarzenbach et al. (2014)
    Czech Republic
     
    Anthony et al. (1990)Anthony et al. (1990)
    DR Congo
     
    Gauthier et al. (1989)
    Ethiopia
     
    Pavel M. Kartashov analytical data (2013)
    Finland
     
    Iljina (1994)Simon et al. (1997)Häkli et al. (1965)Jupperi Aarre 1997. The magnetite ...
    Germany
     
    Walenta (1992)Staude et al. (2012)Schnorrer-Köhler (1990)Der Aufschluss 2000 (2)Wittern (2001)Reppke (1993)Reppke (1993)Reppke (1993)Reppke (1993)Reppke (1993)Reppke (1993)Reppke (1993)Reppke (1993)Reppke (1993)Wittern (2001)+1 other referenceMin Mag 43 (1980)+2 other referencesSchnorrer et al. (2000)Weiß (1990)Weiß (1990)Reppke (1993)
    Greece
     
    Voudouris et al. (2018)Kolitsch et al. (2015)+1 other referenceKolitsch et al. (2015)+1 other reference
    Greenland
     
    Petersen et al. (1993)Bishop et al. (1980)
    Hungary
     
    WDS: Norbert Zajzon
    Iran
     
    Bagheri
    Italy
     
    Bedognè (2011)Boscardin et al. (2013)Caboni et al. (2018)Manuella (2011)
    Japan
     
    Afifi et al. (1988)Rocks & Min.: 22:223.Yamada (2004)K. Nishikubo et al. (2005)
    Kosovo
     
    Kluza et al. (2024)Mederski et al. (2021)+1 other referenceKluza et al. (2024)
    Mali
     
    Lawrence et al. (2013)
    Mongolia
     
    Borisenko et al. (1999)
    Morocco
     
    Lhou et al. (2015)
    Namibia
     
    Drüppel et al. (2006)Drüppel+2 other referencesvon Seckendorff et al. (2000)
    North Macedonia
     
    Kolitsch et al. (2018)
    Poland
     
    Wojtulek et al. (2016)Wojtulek et al. (2016)Karwowski et al. (2003)
    Romania
     
    Cook et al. (2002)+2 other referencesHîrtopanu P. et al. (2004)
    Russia
     
    Zabotina M et al. (2014)Plotinskaya et al. (2010)Spiridonov et al. (2008)+1 other referenceSluzhenikin et al. (2015)Kiseleva et al. (2024)Groshev+6 other referencesYury L. Voytekhovsky (2008)Chashchin et al. (2021)Barkov et al. (2004)Murzin et al. (1999)Murzin et al. (1999)Lebedev et al. (2019)Cox et al. (2003)
    Saudi Arabia
     
    Nehlig et al. (1999)
    Slovakia
     
    Ferenc et al. (2016)+1 other referenceKoděra (1986)Ďuďa et al. (1996)
    South Africa
     
    Cairncross et al. (1995)Junge et al. (2014)Cloete et al. (2001)
    South Korea
     
    Song et al. (1995)Song et al. (1995)
    Spain
     
    Oen et al. (1980)Oen et al. (1980)Viñals et al. (2006)Joan Abella i Creus (2008)
    Turkey
     
    Akbulut et al. (2010)
    USA
     
    Rocks & Min.: 16:413+3 other referencesMineralogical Society of America - ...Garvin et al. (2005)Garvin et al. (2005)Fairbanks (1923)Sherwood et al. (1998)Lieber (1992)+1 other referenceRocks & Min. Mar. 1998Min News 5:3 p6Rocks & Min.: 64:22&26.+1 other referenceCavender et al. (2016)Lieber (1992)Leach et al. (1995)Lieber (1992)Castor et al. (2004)+1 other referenceSchilling (1979)+2 other referencesSmith and Barnes (2011)Smith and Barnes (2011)+1 other reference
    Zimbabwe
     
    Clutten et al. (1981)+1 other referenceMineralogical Society of America - ...Clutten et al. (1981)
    162173 Ryugu
     
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