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Pearceite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page kindly sponsored in memory of Anna Maria Diana
Photos of Pearceite (97)Discuss Pearceite
Pearceite GallerySearch Photos of Pearceite
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[Ag6As2S7][Ag9CuS4]
Colour:
Black
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2½ - 3
Specific Gravity:
6.15
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Name:
Named in honor of Dr. Richard Pearce (June 29, 1837 Barripper, Cornwall - May 18, 1927 London), chemist and metallurgist. He spent three decades in the United States, erecting smelters near Denver, Colorado and in Butte, Montana. He was a founding member of the Colorado Scientific Society. He donated many specimens to the British Museum.
Type Locality:
Pearceite-Polybasite series.

Originally pearceite was thought to be an arsenic analogue ofpolybasite.
"Arsenpolybasite" was, however, found to represent two different polytypes of pearceite, pearceite-T2ac and pearceite-M2a2b2c.

Pearceite forms a series withpolybasite-Tac (formerly "antimonpearceite"), which is a polytype ofpolybasite.

The old name pearceite was replaced by pearceite-Tac, antimonpearceite by polybasite-Tac, arsenpolybasite-221 by pearceite-T2ac, and arsenpolybasite-222 by pearceite-M2a2b2c (Bindi et al. 2007).


Unique Identifiers
IMA Formula:
[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(As,Sb)2S7]
First published:
1896

Classification of Pearceite

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
G : Sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites
B : Neso-sulfarsenites, etc. with additional S
3.1.8.1

3 : SULFOSALTS
1 : ø > 4
5.2.5

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
2 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Ag

Mineral SymbolsJolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of Pearceite
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Black
Streak:
Black
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
none
Fracture:
Conchoidal, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
6.15 g/cm3 (Measured)    6.07 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Pearceite
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Anisotropism:
Moderate, typically dark violet.
Dispersion:
relatively strong
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)R2 (%)
400nm34.8%34.3%
420nm34.2%34.2%
440nm33.4%34.1%
460nm32.5%33.8%
480nm31.5%33.2%
500nm30.6%32.8%
520nm29.8%32.5%
540nm29.3%32.3%
560nm29.0%32.0%
580nm29.0%31.7%
600nm29.1%31.2%
620nm29.1%30.7%
640nm28.9%30.2%
660nm28.6%29.8%
680nm28.0%29.3%
700nm27.4%29.1%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 34.8%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in
Colour in reflected light:
White
Internal Reflections:
Very dark red.
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Very weak in air, fair in oil.

Chemistry of Pearceite
Common Impurities:
Zn,Fe,Sb

Crystallography of Pearceite
Click on an icon to view
Pearceite - Tabular {001}
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided bywww.smorf.nl.

Toggle
Edge Lines |Miller Indices |Axes

Transparency
Opaque |Translucent |Transparent

View
Along a-axis |Along b-axis |Along c-axis |Start rotation |Stop rotation

Crystal Structure
General Appearance of Type Material:
Well formed crystals to 3 cm in diameter and 1 cm thick. Most commonly with a hexagonal outline, prominent basal planes (striated) and highly modified edges.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA, 3.4270, 3.4292, 3.4293.
The Natural History Museum, London, England, 84843.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:

Synonyms of Pearceite

Other Language Names for Pearceite

Relationship of Pearceite to other Species
Other Members of Pearceite-Polybasite Group:
ArgentopearceiteAg16As2S11Trig. 32 :P321
Argentopolybasite[Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9AgS4]Trig. 32 :P321
Argentopolybasite-T2acAg16Sb2S11Trig. 32 :P321
Auropearceite [Ag9AuS4][Ag6As2S7]Trig. 32 :P321
Auropolybasite [Ag9AuS4][Ag6Sb2S7]Trig. 32 :P321
Benleonardite[Ag6(Sb,As)2S6Te][Ag9Cu(S,Te)2Te2]Trig.3m(32/m) :P3m1
Cupropearceite[Cu6As2S7][Ag9CuS4]Trig.3m(32/m) :P3m1
Cupropolybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]Trig. 3m :P31m
Fengruiite[Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS2Te2]Trig.3m(32/m) :P3m1
Polybasite[Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]Mon. 2/m :B2/m
Selenopolybasite[(Ag,Cu)6(Sb,As)2(S,Se)7][Ag9Cu(S,Se)2Se2]Trig.3m(32/m) :P3m1
Forms a series with:

Common AssociatesTrig.3m(32/m) :P3m12.GB.Kenoargentotetrahedrite-(Zn)[Ag6]4+(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12Iso.43m :I43m2.GB.Argentotetrahedrite-(Hg)Ag6(Cu4Hg2)Sb4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Annivite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Bi4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Pošepnýite(Cu+33)(Hg2+4Cu+2)Sb4Se12(Se0.50.5)Iso.43m :I43m2.GB.Tennantite-(Cu)Cu6(Cu4Cu2)As4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Argentopolybasite[Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9AgS4]Trig. 32 :P3212.GB.Tennantite-(Mn)Cu6(Cu4Mn2)As4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Argentotetrahedrite-(Cd)Ag6(Cu4Cd2)Sb4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Stibioústalečite(Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu+2)(Sb2Te2)Se12SeIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Stibiogoldfieldite(Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu+2)(Sb2Te2)S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Argentotetrahedrite-(Zn)Ag6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Tetrahedrite-(Cd)Cu6(Cu4Cd2)Sb4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Arsenogoldfieldite(Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu+2)(As2Te2)S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Arsenoústalečite(Cu4Cu2)(Cu4Cu+2)(As2Te2)Se12SeIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Tennantite-(In)Cu6(Cu4(In3+Cu+))As4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Zvěstovite-(Fe)Ag6(Ag4Fe2+2)As4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Hakite-(Fe)Cu6(Cu4Fe2+2)Sb4Se12SeIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Tennantite-(Cd)Cu6(Cu4Cd2)As4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.XKenorozhdestvenskayaite-(Fe)[Ag6]4+(Ag4Fe2+2)Sb4S12Iso.43m :I43m2.GB.Tetrahedrite-(Cu)Cu6(Cu4Cu2+2)Sb4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Hakite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4Se12SeIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Zvěstovite-(Zn)Ag6(Ag4Zn2)As4S12SIso.2.GB.Hakite-(Cd)Cu6(Cu4Cd2)Sb4Se12SeIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Kenoargentotennantite-(Fe)[Ag6]4+(Cu4Fe2)As4S12Iso.2.GB.Tennantite-(Hg)Cu6(Cu4Hg2)As4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Tetrahedrite-(Mn)Cu6(Cu4Mn2)Sb4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Tennantite-(Ni)Cu6(Cu4Ni2)As4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.Tetrahedrite-(Ni)Cu6(Cu4Ni2)Sb4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Hakite-(Hg)Cu6(Cu4Hg2)Sb4Se12SeIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Rozhdestvenskayaite-(Zn)Ag6(Ag4Zn2)Sb4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Argentotennantite-(Zn)Ag6(Cu4Zn2)As4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Argentotennantite-(Fe)Ag6(Cu4Fe2)As4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Freibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S0-1Iso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Tennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Tennantite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)As4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Tetrahedrite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)Sb4S12SIso.43m :F43m2.GB.05Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Tennantite-(Fe)Cu6(Cu4Fe2+2)As4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Tetrahedrite-(Fe)Cu6(Cu4Fe2+2)Sb4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Tetrahedrite-(Hg)Cu6(Cu4Hg2)Sb4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Kenoargentotetrahedrite-(Fe)[Ag6]4+(Cu4Fe2+2)Sb4S12Iso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Giraudite-(Zn)Cu6(Cu4Zn2)As4Se12SeIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Argentotetrahedrite-(Fe)Ag6(Cu4Fe2)Sb4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05Goldfieldite(Cu42)(Cu4Cu+2)Te4S12SIso.43m :I43m2.GB.05UM1992-21-S:AgFeSbAg6(Ag4Fe2+2)Sb4S12SIso.2.GB.10SelenostephaniteAg5SbSe4Orth. 222 :P2121212.GB.10StephaniteAg5SbS4Orth.mm2 :Cmc212.GB.15UM2003-14-S:AgBiFeTeAg16FeBiTe3S82.GB.15UM1979-17-S:BiCuFe~Cu18Fe4BiS162.GB.15ArgentopearceiteAg16As2S11Trig. 32 :P3212.GB.15Cupropolybasite[Cu6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]Trig. 3m :P31m2.GB.15Fengruiite[Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS2Te2]Trig.3m(32/m) :P3m12.GB.15Auropearceite [Ag9AuS4][Ag6As2S7]Trig. 32 :P3212.GB.15Selenopolybasite[(Ag,Cu)6(Sb,As)2(S,Se)7][Ag9Cu(S,Se)2Se2]Trig.3m(32/m) :P3m12.GB.15Polybasite[Ag6Sb2S7][Ag9CuS4]Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.GB.15Auropolybasite [Ag9AuS4][Ag6Sb2S7]Trig. 32 :P3212.GB.15Cupropearceite[Cu6As2S7][Ag9CuS4]Trig.3m(32/m) :P3m12.GB.20Vorontsovite(Hg5Cu)Σ6TlAs4S12Iso.43m :I43m2.GB.20Ferrovorontsovite(Fe5Cu)Σ6TlAs4S12Iso.43m :I43m2.GB.20Galkhaite(Hg5Cu)CsAs4S12Iso.43m :I43m

Other Information
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  • References for PearceiteLa Argentina veinPUTZ+1 other referencePUTZ+1 other referenceMárquez-Zavalía et al. (2016)De Brodtkorb (2009)Brodtkorb (2002)Brotkorb (2002)ROBL+1 other referenceBrodtkorb (2002)Perelló et al. (2023)Gallard-Esquivel et al. (2018)Mugas Lobos et al. (2020)Vidal et al. (2016)Permuy Vidal et al. (2016)Luna et al. (2016)
    Australia
     
    Quan et al. (2025)Metallogenic Study and Mineral Deposit Data Sheets: Warwick-Tweed Heads Metallogenic Map (SH/56-2, SH/56-3)Henley et al. (2001)Bottomer (1986)Bottomer (1986)Quan et al. (2025)Quan et al. (2025)Henley et al. (2001)Henley et al. (2001)+1 other referenceHenley et al. (2001)Henley et al. (2001)David (2013)Pringle and Elliot 1998+1 other referenceEdwards (1953)+1 other referenceDownes (2007)Sahlström et al. (2017)
    Austria
     
    Auer (1998)- (1994, July)Kolitsch (2017)58.+1 other reference
    Bailiwick of Guernsey
     
    R. A. Ixer Mining et al. (2)+1 other reference
    Bolivia
     
    USGS Bulletin # 1975Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009)
    Brazil
     
    Portella et al. (2016)
    Bulgaria
     
    Mladenova et al. (1997)Dobrev et al. (2002)Dimitrova et al. (2007)
    Burkina Faso
     
    Econ Geol (2003)
    Canada
     
    Hood et al. (1991)Peatfield (n.d.)D. C. Harris (1973)Lang (1952)Lang (1952)Boyle et al. (1966)+1 other referenceCan Mineral February 1985 v. 23 no. 1 ...+1 other reference159-161.+1 other referencePetruk (1971)Traill (1983)Petruk (1971)+2 other referencesPetruk (1971)+2 other references
    Chile
     
    WARREN (2005)Camus et al. (1991)Cook (1979)The Stratabound Tuff-hosted Elisa de ...+1 other referenceEcon Geol (1987)Crespo et al. (2020)
    China
     
    Fengshan Liu and Guohui Zhang (1996)+2 other referencesQianwen Cao and Yaowu Ren (1990)Wang et al. (2014)Erchen Gong (2008)Dequan Shuai et al. (1985)Congqiang Liu (1987)Zhengqin Li (1991)[Pearceite-T2ac]Mingjun Yang and Gonghua Tan (1991)[Pearceite-T2ac]Zeng et al. (2000)Banxiao Ruan et al. (2013)Wang et al. (2023)Zhicheng Lu et al. (2002)Han et al. (2024)Jinghong Cai (2007)Ran Lu et al. (2012)Laicheng Miao et al. (2005)[Pearceite-T2ac]Liyan Zhang and Jigang Tang (1996)Hai Zhao et al. (2008)Shuhua Wang (1992)Sun+6 other referencesZhao et al. (2021)Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006)Yongrui Zhao and Yunqing Zhen (2006)Chaoyang Li et al. (2003)Zhang et al. (2024)+1 other referenceWeining Zhou (1994)Zhiping Li (1998)Renlai Zheng and Congzhi Xie (1984)
    Czech Republic
     
    Kohout et al. (1995)[Pearceite-T2ac]Jakub PlasilDudaFengl (1.)Scharm+7 other referencesFojt[Pearceite-T2ac]Hyrsl et al. (2009)Sejkora (1994)
    Europe
     
    tin.er.usgs.gov (n.d.)+3 other references
    Fiji
     
    Ahmad et al. (1987)
    Finland
     
    Hector et al. (2023)
    France
     
    Pélisson (1989)Pélisson (1989)Pélisson (1989)French BRGM dataWittern et al. (1997)Chauris (2014)R. PierrotTh. Brunsperger@orange.frWittern+1 other referenceThis mine worked the same vein as Gabe ...+2 other referencesP. Roth analysisWittern et al. (1997)Wittern et al. (1997)Wittern et al. (1997)Maurizot et al. (2020)Brousse (1982)P. Cantinolle et al.Lheur (2023)Inventaire Mineralogique de la France ...De Ascenção Guedes et al. (2002)Wahbi et al. (1973)Bernadi (2004)Mari et al. (1979)R. PierrotR. PierrotDietrich J.E. et al. (1999)Georges FAVREAU collection & EDX ...
    Germany
     
    Rehren (1986)+1 other referenceMandler (1991)[Pearceite-T2ac]Walenta (1992)[Pearceite-T2ac][Pearceite-T2ac][Pearceite-T2ac]Walenta (1992)Carsten Slotta sampleundefined+2 other references[Pearceite-T2ac]Burisch et al. (2017)Aufschluss 69/ (7+8)+1 other referenceLapis (4)Wittern (2001)Hajek (2010)[Pearceite-T2ac]Frondel (1963)Witzke (2012)
    Greece
     
    Panagiotis Voudouris & Paul Spry (2008)Voudouris et al. (2005)Wind et al. (2023)Papavasiliou et al. (2016)+1 other reference
    Greenland
     
    Sørensen (2001)+1 other reference
    India
     
    Mukherjee et al. (1998)
    Indonesia
     
    Simon et al. (1997)Syafrizal+6 other references[Pearceite-T2ac]Simon et al. (1997)
    Iran
     
    Altenberger et al. (2022)DALIRAN et al. (2005)
    Ireland
     
    de Haller+3 other references
    Italy
     
    - (n.d.)Maida (2002)- (n.d.)Vergani et al. (2021)Orlandi P. & Silvani A. (1994)Fiori (1998)+1 other referenceVenerandi Pirri (2002)[Pearceite-T2ac]Menchetti S. (Alpi Apuane)Ferialdi et al. (2003)
    Japan
     
    ONO et al. (1995)ISHIZUKA et al. (1998)Matsueda (2000)SATO et al. (1981)SUGAKI et al. (1986)[Pearceite-T2ac]NAKAYAMA (1986)YUNINGSIH et al. (2018)+1 other referenceShimizu et al. (1998)+1 other referenceFURUNO et al. (1992)Hamada et al. (2022)Galena et al. (216)+1 other referenceMatsubara: Mineral Species of Japan (5th ed.)Akasaka (2007)Akasaka et al. (2007, August)+1 other reference- (n.d.)
    Kazakhstan
     
    Глоба В.А. Месторождение Манка - новый геолого-промышленный тип месторождений золота. // Изв. НАН РК et al. (403)[Pearceite-T2ac]Pekov et al. (1997)Baibatsha et al. (2015)+1 other reference- (2005)
    Kosovo
     
    Mederski et al. (2021)
    Mexico
     
    Panczner (1987)Sotelo (2016)Sotelo (2016)Querol+1 other referenceDana 7.+2 other referencesEcon Geol (1992)Färber (n.d.)Panczner (1987)CamprubiCano et al. (2024)Cano et al. (2024)Cano et al. (2024)Panczner (1987)Chutas et al. (2004)
    Morocco
     
    Samira et al. (2015)+1 other referenceBarral et al. (2009)+1 other referenceFabre (n.d.)Petruk (1975)+1 other reference
    Namibia
     
    Kampunzu et al. (2009)
    New Zealand
     
    Boyle (1979)Fyfe (2014)Fyfe (2014)
    North Macedonia
     
    Serafimovski et al. (2015)Serafimovski et al. (2003)+2 other referencesSerafimovski et al. (2006)Serafimovski et al. (2005)Petrunov et al. (2001)
    Norway
     
    Neumann (1944)
    Pacific Ocean
     
    Zierenberg et al. (1990)Choi et al. (2023)
    Papua New Guinea
     
    Semple et al. (1998)
    Peru
     
    CHAUVET (2019)Greffié et al. (2002)+1 other referenceChauvet et al. (2006)Gamarra-Urrunaga et al. (2013)+1 other referenceChauvet et al. (2006)Crowley et al. (1997)Lewis (1964)[Pearceite-T2ac]Hyrsl et al. (2003)
    Portugal
     
    Bowles (1987)Martins (2018)
    Romania
     
    www.gl.rhbnc.ac.uk (2003)Săbău et al. (2016)Bailly et al. (1998)Damian+6 other referencesDamian+6 other references
    Russia
     
    Vikentyev et al. (2025)Vinokurov et al. (2010)+2 other referencesPlotinskaya et al. (2015)+1 other referencePlotinskaya et al. (2014)[Pearceite-T2ac]Novoselov et al. (2010)Nagornaya et al. (2012)+1 other referenceChitalin et al. (2023)Chitalin et al. (2023)Nikolaev et al. (2016)[Pearceite-T2ac]Nikolaev et al. (2016)Nikolaev et al. (2016)Kalko et al. (2014)Глухов et al. (2021)+2 other referencesAndreeva et al. (2013)Bortnikov et al. (2023)Bortnikov et al. (2023)Bortnikov et al. (2023)Okrugin et al. (an Example of Mutnovsky Geothermal Area, Southern Kamchatka)[Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180]+2 other referencesKravtsova et al. (2003)Kravtsova et al. (2003)Fats’yanov et al. (2010, November)Thorne (n.d.)Volkov et al. (2023)Volkov et al. (2021)Tauson et al. (2017)Savva et al. (2007)Vikentyev (2015)Ankusheva et al. (2017)+1 other referenceSejkora et al. (2021)Kiseleva et al. (2008)
    Slovakia
     
    Berkh et al. (2014)Jeleň et al. (2006)Duda+1 other referenceVlasáč et al. (2021)Majzlan (2009)+1 other referenceKoděra (1986)Berkh et al. (2014)Ferenc Š. et al. (2014)+2 other referencesVlasáč et al. (2025)Vlasáč et al. (2024)Števko et al. (2018)Vlasáč et al. (2021)Ďuďa R. (2001)
    South Korea
     
    [Pearceite-T2ac]Park et al. (1988)Kim et al. (2009)
    Spain
     
    Dr. Cesar Menor-Salvan. Centro de Astrobiologia (INTA-CSIC)Anthony et al. (1990)Econ Geol (1992)Menor et al. (2010)
    Switzerland
     
    [Pearceite-T2ac]Stalder et al. (1998)Guastoni et al. (2009)+1 other referenceAnsermet (2012)Ansermet (2012)
    USA
     
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