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Ilsemannite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered - questionable
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Mo3O8 · nH2O
Colour:
Black, blue-black, or blue; turns blue on exposure
Crystal System:
Amorphous
Name:
After Johann Christoph Ilsemann (1727-1822), a former Mining Commissioner at Clausthal, Harz, who published an early study of molybdenite (1787).
Type Locality:
ⓘBad Bleiberg, Villach-Land District, Carinthia, Austria
Note that there are numerous different and very complex heterovalent molybdenum oxide molecules forming amorphous blue substances. Most likely the "ilsemannites" at different localities, formed under different conditions, are not the same compound and may even be mixtures of several different compounds. Consequently "ilsemannite" does not really deserve mineral species status and may eventually turn out to be several different species when technology advances to when we can better characterize very thin amorphous films.

Ilsemannite was once thought to be responsible for the blue colour of "blue waters" of the Idaho Springs area, known to Indians, but it was later shown that rather more complex, up-to-200-metal-atoms compounds may be the cause.

See also the visually similarmourite.


Unique Identifiers
IMA Formula:
Mo3O8 · nH2O (?)
First published:
1871
Type description reference:
Höfer, H. (1871) Ilsemannit, ein natürliches Molybdänsalz. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie: 1871: 566-570.

Classification of Ilsemannite

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
F : Hydroxides (without V or U)
J : Hydroxides with H2O +- (OH); corner-sharing octahedra
Dana 8th ed.:
4.6.3.1

4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
6 : Miscellaneous
Hey's CIM Ref.:
7.15.4

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
15 : Oxides of Mo and W

Mineral Symbols

Crystallography of Ilsemannite
Reference:
Höfer, H. (1871) Ilsemannit, ein natürliches Molybdänsalz. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Palaontologie: 1871: 566-570.

Synonyms of Ilsemannite

Other Language Names for Ilsemannite

Common AssociatesTric.1 :P14.FJ.05SidwilliteMoO3 · 2H2OMon. 2/m4.FJ.05MeymaciteWO3 · 2H2OAmor.4.FJ.10TungstiteWO3 · H2OOrth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)4.FJ.15HydrotungstiteWO3 · 2H2OMon. 2/m :P2/m

Other Information
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    • References for IlsemanniteⓘFilo del Sol minePerelló et al. (2023)
    Australia
     
    Hurtig et al. (2014)Bottrill et al. (2008)
    Austria (TL)
     
    Am Min 36 (1951)+1 other referenceKostelka (1956)Gerhard NiedermayrExel (1993)Hanneberg et al. (2009)+1 other reference
    Brazil
     
    Waber et al. (1992)+1 other reference
    Chile
     
    Lohmeier et al. (2025)Lohmeier et al. (2022)
    China
     
    Min et al. (2002)Dahlkamp (2009)Guangyin Shen (2011)Liu et al. (2022)Dahlkamp (2009)Dahlkamp (2009)Dahlkamp (2009)
    Czech Republic
     
    Jirásek (2001)Scharm+7 other referencesSejkora+1 other reference
    Gabon
     
    Geffroy et al. (1960)
    Germany
     
    Walenta (1992)Hegemann (1949)+1 other referenceMöhn et al. (07/2020)Wittern (2001)Wittern (2001)Jahn (1999)Kolitsch et al. (1997)+1 other referenceWittern (2001)Witzke et al. (1998)
    Guatemala
     
    Stoiber et al. (1974)+1 other reference
    Indonesia
     
    - (E. Nitta, M. Kimata, M. Hoshino, T. Echigo, S. Hamasaki, H. Shinohara, N. Nishida, T. Hatta, M. Shimizu )Imants Kavalieros (1994)
    Japan
     
    F. Africano et al. (2002)F. Africano et al. (2002)Field observationsF. Africano et al. (2002)+1 other reference
    Mexico
     
    Panczner (1987)Lapis 2001 (1)
    Romania
     
    Szakáll (2002)
    Russia
     
    Yu. Engalychev (2019)- (E. Nitta, M. Kimata, M. Hoshino, T. Echigo, S. Hamasaki, H. Shinohara, N. Nishida, T. Hatta, M. Shimizu )+2 other referencesVergasova et al. (1977)+1 other referenceKiseleva et al. (2008)Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
    Slovenia
     
    Rečnik (2010)Terzic ()
    South Africa
     
    Cairncross et al. (1995)
    Switzerland
     
    EDX & XRD (amorphous)
    Tajikistan
     
    D.I.Belakovskiy dataPavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)+2 other references
    UK
     
    Raymond (1959)+1 other reference
    USA
     
    Witkind (1963)+1 other referenceGraeme (1981)Anthony et al. (1995)Bollin et al. (1958)+1 other referenceBollin & Kerr (1958)+1 other referenceScarborough (1981)Anthony et al. (1995)Anthony et al. (1995)Scarborough (1981)Gornitz (2004)Scarborough (1981)Petersen et al. (1959)+1 other referencePalache et al. (1951)+1 other referencePage et al. (1956)+2 other referencesTroxel et al. (1962)+2 other referencesTroxel et al. (1962)+2 other referencesCook (1922)+3 other references- (2005)Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Dings et al. (1957)Dings et al. (1957)Eckel et al. (1997)- (2005)- (2005)Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)- (2005)Page et al. (1956)+3 other referencesEckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Carnein et al. (2005)Castor et al. (2004)NBMG Bull 78 Geology and Mineral ...+2 other referencesNBMG Bull 78 Geology and Mineral ...+2 other referencesSchilling (1979)+1 other reference- (2005)Castor et al. (2004)Castor et al. (2004)Schilling (1979)+1 other referenceCastor et al. (2004)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)Castor et al. (2004)Schilling (1979)Schilling (1979)+1 other reference- (2005)Ken Coleman CollectionNBMG Bull 70 Geology and Mineral ...+2 other referencesSchilling (1979)+1 other referenceNorthrop et al. (1996)Ramon S. DeMark+4 other referencesNMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology ...NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology ...NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology ...NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology ...- (2005)NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology ...NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology ...NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology ...- (2005)NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology ...NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology ...NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology ...NMBMMR Memoir 15 Geology and Technology ...- (2005)Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology NBMG ...Smith et al. (2000)Roberts et al. (1965)Roberts et al. (1965)Smith et al. (2000)Smith (1991)+1 other referenceSmith (1991)- (2005)- (2005)MINERALS OF THE KARNES URANIUM ...- (2005)Luetcke (n.d.)Young et al. (1960)Bullock (1981)Collection of Philip BluemnerPage et al. (1956)+2 other referencesBullock (1981)Bullock (1981)Bullock (1981)Mccaskey+1 other referenceBullock (1981)Bullock (1981)Bullock (1981)Bullock (1981)- (2005)USGS Bull 1125Olds et al. (2023)Bullock (1981)+1 other referenceUSGS TEI #514+3 other references- (2005)- (2005)Bullock (1981)- (2005)Hausel et al. (2001)- (2005)www.excaliburmineral.com+5 other references- (2005)- (2005)
    Uzbekistan
     
    Ishbobaev et al. (2023)
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