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Galaxite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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Mn2+Al2O4
Colour:
Black, red, brown
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
7½
Specific Gravity:
4.03 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Isometric
Member of:
Spinel Subgroup >Oxyspinel Group >Spinel Supergroup
Name:
The type locality (Bald Knob deposit, Alleghany Co., North Carolina, USA) is near Galax (Virginia). The mineral has been named for Galax and for the plant galax urceolata, after which the town is named.
Type Locality:
ⓘBald Knob deposit, Bald Knob, Sparta, Alleghany County, North Carolina, USA
This page provides mineralogical data about Galaxite.


Unique Identifiers
First published:
1932
Type description reference:
Ross, Clarence S., Kerr, Paul F. (1932) The manganese minerals of a vein near Bald Knob, North Carolina.American Mineralogist, 17 (1) 1-18

Classification of Galaxite

4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
B : Metal: Oxygen = 3:4 and similar
B : With only medium-sized cations
Dana 8th ed.:
7.2.1.2

7 : MULTIPLE OXIDES
2 : AB2X4
Hey's CIM Ref.:
7.19.5

7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
19 : Oxides of Mn and Fe

Mineral SymbolsJolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of Galaxite
Colour:
Black, red, brown
Streak:
Brownish red
Hardness:
7½ onMohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
4.03 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Galaxite

Crystallography of Galaxite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Black, rounded to euhedral grains averaging 0.2 millimeters in diameter.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
No designated type material.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
AlleghanyiteCalcite
Reference:
Ross, Clarence S., Kerr, Paul F. (1932) The manganese minerals of a vein near Bald Knob, North Carolina.American Mineralogist, 17 (1) 1-18

Synonyms of Galaxite

Other Language Names for Galaxite

Relationship of Galaxite to other Species
Other Members of Spinel Subgroup:
ChihmingiteNiAl2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
ChromiteFe2+Cr3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
CochromiteCoCr2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
CoulsoniteFe2+V3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
CuprospinelCu2+Fe3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
DellagiustaiteV2+Al2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
Deltalumite(Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4Tet.42m :P4m2
FrankliniteZn2+Fe3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
GahniteZnAl2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
GuiteCo2+Co3+2O4Iso.
HausmanniteMn2+Mn3+2O4Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) :I41/amd
HercyniteFe2+Al2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
HetaeroliteZnMn2O4Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) :I41/amd
JacobsiteMn2+Fe3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
Jacobsite-QMn2+(Fe3+,Mn3+)2O4Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) :I41/amd
Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4Iso. 432 :P4132
MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
MagnesiocoulsoniteMgV2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m)
MagnesioferriteMgFe3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
MagnetiteFe2+Fe3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
ManganochromiteMn2+Cr2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
Nichromite(Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
SpinelMgAl2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
ThermaerogeniteCuAl2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
Titanomaghemite(Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4Iso. 432 :P4332
TrevoriteNi2+Fe3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
UM1994-06-O:AlCoCoAl2O4
VuorelaineniteMn2+V3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m
ZincochromiteZnCr2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m

Common AssociatesOrth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma4.BB.ThermaerogeniteCuAl2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.ChukocheniteLiAl5O8Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Imma4.BB.Elgoresyite(Mg5Si2)O9Mon. 2/m :B2/m4.BB.JianmuiteZrTi4+Ti3+5Al3O16Tet.4 :I44.BB.DellagiustaiteV2+Al2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.GarpenbergiteMn6◻AsSbO10(OH)2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)4.BB.MagnéliiteTi3+2Ti4+2O7Tric.1 :P14.BB.05Qandilite(Mg,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+,Al)O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05ChromiteFe2+Cr3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05Filipstadite(Fe3+0.5Sb5+0.5)Mn2O4Iso.4.BB.05JacobsiteMn2+Fe3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05WernerkrauseiteCa(Fe3+,Mn3+)2Mn4+O6Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma4.BB.05HarmuniteCaFe2O4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pbcm4.BB.05ZincochromiteZnCr2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05Deltalumite(Al0.67◻0.33)Al2O4Tet.42m :P4m24.BB.05FrankliniteZn2+Fe3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05CochromiteCoCr2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05Nichromite(Ni,Co,Fe)(Cr,Fe,Al)2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05HercyniteFe2+Al2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05GahniteZnAl2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05GuiteCo2+Co3+2O4Iso.4.BB.05CoulsoniteFe2+V3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05VuorelaineniteMn2+V3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05SpinelMgAl2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05CuprospinelCu2+Fe3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05ManganochromiteMn2+Cr2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05MagnesiocoulsoniteMgV2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m)4.BB.05TrevoriteNi2+Fe3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05MagnesiochromiteMgCr2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05MagnesioferriteMgFe3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05MagnetiteFe2+Fe3+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.05UlvöspinelTiFe2+2O4Iso.m3m(4/m32/m) :Fd3m4.BB.10HausmanniteMn2+Mn3+2O4Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) :I41/amd4.BB.10HetaeroliteZnMn2O4Tet. 4/mmm(4/m2/m2/m) :I41/amd4.BB.10Manganostibite(Mn,Fe)7SbAsO12Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)4.BB.15Titanomaghemite(Ti4+0.5◻0.5)Fe3+2O4Iso. 432 :P43324.BB.15Maghemite(Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4Iso. 432 :P41324.BB.20Tegengrenite(Mn3+0.5Sb5+0.5)Mg2O4Trig. 3 :R34.BB.25XieiteFe2+Cr2O4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)4.BB.30CarmeltaziteZrAl2Ti4O11Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma4.BB.35FeiiteFe2+2(Fe2+Ti4+)O5Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Cmcm4.BB.40MaohokiteMgFe2O4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma4.BB.45Tschaunerite (Fe2+)(Fe2+Ti4+)O4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Cmcm

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    • References for GalaxiteⓘKirchdachspitzeKolitsch et al. (2021)Kolitsch et al. (2017)
    France
     
    Chopin (1978)Chopin (1978)
    Germany
     
    Wittern (2001)
    Ghana
     
    Mücke et al. (1999)
    Japan
     
    Mayumi Yoshinaga (1963)+2 other references加藤昭 (1980)+1 other referenceDonald E. Lee (1955)FUKUOKA et al. (1977)+1 other referenceFUKUOKA et al. (1977)FUKUOKA et al. (1977)+1 other referenceFUKUOKA et al. (1977)+2 other referencesKobayashi H (1977)+1 other referenceFukuoka (1981)Katsu Kaneko (1956)+1 other reference- (n.d.)Ohe Rikosha specimens (with sonolite)Fukuoka (1981)Fuzimoto (2006)Katsu Kaneko (1956)+2 other references加藤昭 (1980)Akira Kato (undated manuscript)+2 other referencesH. Yoshimura (1952)Fukuoka (1981)Lee (1955)Fumitoshi HIROWATARI (1961)+2 other referencesH. Momoi (1964)Mayumi Yoshinaga (1963)Fukuoka (1981)
    Namibia
     
    Dunn (1991)
    Romania
     
    Hirtopanu et al. (2015)minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu (2008)Hîrtopanu (1997)+1 other reference
    Russia
     
    Brusnitsyn (2000)Brusnitsyn A.I. (2000)- (1996)
    Spain
     
    Dill et al. (2023)Dill et al. (2023)
    Sweden
     
    Gatedal (n.d.)Gatedal (n.d.)+2 other referencesGatedal (n.d.)+1 other referenceMoore (1978)Knut Edvard Larsen collection (Ex Harald Folvik collection)
    Switzerland
     
    Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 44 (2006)+1 other referenceStalder et al. (1998)
    Thailand
     
    RRUFF Specimen ID: R120116
    United Arab Emirates
     
    Gnos et al. (1995)
    USA
     
    Flohr et al. (1992)Schooner (circa 1980s)Ross et al. (1932)+1 other referenceForsyth Gem and Mineral ClubDietrich (1990)Beard et al. (2002)Dietrich (1990)
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