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Gadolinite-(Y)

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
Often slightly radioactive due to minor U and/or Th contents; therefore often metamict.
Colour:
Black, greenish-black, brown
Lustre:
Vitreous, Greasy
Hardness:
6½ - 7
Specific Gravity:
4.36 - 4.77
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Gadolinite Subgroup >Gadolinite Group >Gadolinite Supergroup
Name:
Named in honor of Johan Gadolin (5 June 1760, Turku, Finland - 15 August 1852, Mynämäki, Finland), chemist, physicist, and mineralogist. He discovered what would be the element yttrium, the first rare earth discovered. The "-(Y)" suffix was added in 1987 and is for to the predominance of yttrium as the REE in the composition.
Type Locality:
ⓘYtterby, Resarö, Vaxholm, Stockholm County, Sweden
The yttrium analogue ofgadolinite-(Ce) andGadolinite-(Nd).
Difficult to distinguish fromhingganite-(Y).


Unique Identifiers
IMA status notes:
Renamed by the IMA
IMA Formula:
Y2Fe2+Be2O2(SiO4)2
First published:
1788

Classification of Gadolinite-(Y)

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
J : Nesosilicates with BO3 triangles and/or B[4], Be[4] tetrahedra, cornersharing with SiO4
Dana 8th ed.:
54.2.1b.3

54 : NESOSILICATES Borosilicates and Some Beryllosilicates
2 : Borosilicates and Some Beryllosilicates with B in [4] coordination
Hey's CIM Ref.:
14.3.23

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
3 : Silicates of Be

Mineral Symbols
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Black, greenish-black, brown
Streak:
Grayish green
Hardness:
6½ - 7 onMohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Splintery, Conchoidal
Density:
4.36 - 4.77 g/cm3 (Measured)    4.41 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Gadolinite-(Y)
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v distinct

Chemistry of Gadolinite-(Y)

Crystallography of Gadolinite-(Y)
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
No designated type material.

Synonyms of Gadolinite-(Y)

Other Language Names for Gadolinite-(Y)

Varieties of Gadolinite-(Y)

Relationship of Gadolinite-(Y) to other Species
Other Members of Gadolinite Subgroup:
Calcybeborosilite-(Y)(Y,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)(B,Be)2[SiO4]2(OH,O)2Mon.
Gadolinite-(Ce)(Ce,La,Nd,Y)2Fe2+Be2Si2O10Mon. 2/m
Gadolinite-(Nd)Nd2Fe2+Be2O2(SiO4)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b
Hingganite-(Ce)(Ce,REE)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b
Hingganite-(Nd)Nd2◻Be2Si2O8(OH)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b
Hingganite-(Y)(Y,REE,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b
Hingganite-(Yb)(Yb,Y,REE)2◻Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b
Minasgeraisite-(Y)(Ca2Y2)◻2(Be2B2)[SiO4]4(OH)4Tric. 1 :P1
Unnamed (OH-analogue of Gadolinite-(Y))(Y,Ca)2(Fe,◻)Be2Si2O8(OH,O)2Mon. 2/m

Common AssociatesMon. 2/m :P21/b9.AJ.Arrheniusite-(Ce)CaMg[(Ce7Y3)Ca5](SiO4)4(Si2B3AsO18)(BO3)F11Trig. 3m :R3m9.AJ.05Ominelite(Fe2+,Mg)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)9.AJ.05Grandidierite(Mg,Fe2+)(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)(BO3)O2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)9.AJ.10DumortieriteAl(Al2O)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)9.AJ.10Nioboholtite(Nb0.6◻0.4)Al6BSi3O18Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pbcm9.AJ.10Titanoholtite(Ti0.75◻0.25)Al6BSi3O18Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pbcm9.AJ.10Holtite(Ta0.6◻0.4)Al6BSi3O18(O,OH)2.25Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma9.AJ.10MagnesiodumortieriteMg(Al2OH)(Al2O)2(SiO4)3(BO3)Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)9.AJ.15GarrelsiteBa3NaSi2B7O16(OH)4Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.AJ.20Muromontitenear Be2FeY2Si3O129.AJ.20Gadolinite-(Nd)Nd2Fe2+Be2O2(SiO4)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AJ.20DatoliteCaB(SiO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AJ.20Melanocerite-(Ce)(Ce,Ca)5(SiO4,BO4)3(OH,O)Hex.9.AJ.20Gadolinite-(Ce)(Ce,La,Nd,Y)2Fe2+Be2Si2O10Mon. 2/m9.AJ.20Unnamed (OH-analogue of Gadolinite-(Y))(Y,Ca)2(Fe,◻)Be2Si2O8(OH,O)2Mon. 2/m9.AJ.20Hingganite-(Ce)(Ce,REE)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AJ.20Hingganite-(Y)(Y,REE,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AJ.20Hingganite-(Yb)(Yb,Y,REE)2◻Be2[SiO4]2(OH)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AJ.20HomiliteCa2(Fe2+,Mg)B2Si2O10Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AJ.20Minasgeraisite-(Y)(Ca2Y2)◻2(Be2B2)[SiO4]4(OH)4Tric. 1 :P19.AJ.20Calcybeborosilite-(Y)(Y,Ca)2(◻,Fe2+)(B,Be)2[SiO4]2(OH,O)2Mon.9.AJ.25Stillwellite-(La)LaBSiO5Trig. 32 :P32219.AJ.25Stillwellite-(Ce)(Ce,La,Ca)BSiO5Trig. 3 :P319.AJ.30Cappelenite-(Y)Ba(Y,Ce)6Si3B6O24F2Trig. 3 :P39.AJ.35Laptevite-(Ce)Ca6(Fe2+,Mn2+)Y3REE7(SiO4)3(PO4)(B3Si3O18)(BO3)F11Trig. 3m :R3m9.AJ.35Proshchenkoite-(Y)Ca(Y,REE,Ca,Na,Mn)15Fe2+(P,Si)Si6B3O34F14Trig. 3m :R3m9.AJ.35Okanoganite-(Y)(Na,Ca)3(Y,Ce)12Si6B2O27F14Trig. 3m :R3m9.AJ.35Hundholmenite-(Y)(Y,REE,Ca,Na)15(Al,Fe3+)(CaxAs3+1-x)(Si,As5+)Si6B3(O,F)48Trig. 3m :R3m9.AJ.35Vicanite-(Ce)(Ca,Ce,La,Th)15As5+(As3+0.5,Na0.5)Fe3+Si6B4O40F7Trig. 3m :R3m9.AJ.40JadariteLiNaSiB3O7(OH)Mon. 2/m

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    • References for Gadolinite-(Y)ⓘSan Fenancio MineR. J. Tauber Larry (2013)
    Australia
     
    Simpson (1928)+1 other reference
    Austria
     
    Bojar (2024)Strasser (1989)Strasser (1989)collection of Martin SlamaStephan Wolfsried collectionC.Auer (2021)M. Moro collection (SEM-EDS probed by UNIMI, 2006)
    Canada
     
    Camacho et al. (2014)Camacho et al. (2014)Canadian Mineralogist 45ontariominerals.comMiller (1990)+6 other references
    China
     
    Yueqing Yang et al. (1987)Jingzhan Zhu et al. (2013)Rucheng Wang et al. (2003)Shi et al. (2024)Yunhuai Lin and Shiyang Chen (1985)+1 other referenceShi et al. (2024)
    Finland
     
    Hytönen (1999)Vorma et al. (1966)Jyrki Autio Collection. EDS Joy Désor ...J. Dyer sample P. Kartashov dataMäkitie et al. (2007)
    France
     
    Gatel (1990)
    Germany
     
    Habel (2003)+1 other referenceIn Collection of Martin Slama
    Hungary
     
    WDS: Viera Kollárová
    Italy
     
    Piccoli et al. (2007)[var: Calciogadolinite-(Y)]King (n.d.)Camara et al. (2008)Guastoni A.+1 other referenceTurconi B. (1985)+2 other referencesEnrico Bonacina photoPezzotta et al. (1999)Matteo Chineletto+2 other referencesPiccoli et al. (2007)Piccoli et al. (2007)Piccoli et al. (2007)Piccoli et al. (2007)Grill (1935)Albertini (1983)Calanchi (1979)Franco Vanini & Paolo Bosio findsPiccoli et al. (2007)Piccoli et al. (2007)+1 other referenceMattioli (1985)Tacconi (1903)+5 other referencesPezzotta (2005)Turconi B. (1982)+2 other referencesRivista Mineralogica Italiana (1)Guastoni et al. (2019)Guastoni et al. (2019)Albertini (1986)+2 other referencesCuchet et al. (2016)Cuchet et al. (2016)+1 other referenceCuchet et al. (2016)Rivista Mineralogica ItalianaAstolfi M. et al. (1999)M. Moro collection (SEM-EDS probed by UNIMI, 2006)Folie et al. (2010)Vecchi et al. (2013)Pezzotta F. (2010)Pezzotta F. et al. (Y)
    Japan
     
    Nishio-Hamane et al. (2013)Nishio-Hamane et al. (2024)John Rakovan (2015)Matsubara et al. (2014)+2 other referencesMichiba et al. (2013)Okada (2011)[var: Calciogadolinite-(Y)]Nagashima & Nagashima (1960)Nakatsugawa Mineral Museum (Gifu Prefecture, Japan)
    Kazakhstan
     
    Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
    Malawi
     
    Guastoni et al. (2009)
    Mongolia
     
    Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)[var: Calciogadolinite-(Y)]Kartashov P.M. et al. (Mongolian Altai)[var: Calciogadolinite-(Y)]Kovalenko et al. (2004)
    Norway
     
    Frigstad (1968)Frigstad (1968)Müller et al. (2012)Müller et al. (2012)Frigstad (1968)Private CollectionScheerer (1844)+1 other referenceSchetelig (1922)Schetelig (1922)Schetelig (1922)Adamson (1942)Adamson (1942)Schetelig (1922)Schetelig (1922)Schetelig (1922)Neumann (1985)Stensrud (2009)Stensrud (2009)Neumann et al. (1960)Sascha Gemballa collection & photo (photo id-837386)Revheim (2004)Stensrud (2009)Stensrud (2009)- (n.d.)+1 other referenceTom Aurebekk Udø collection & photo+1 other referenceCorneliussen (2012)Schetelig (1922)Frigstad (1968)Schetelig (1922)Schetelig (1913)Frigstad (1968)Müller et al. (2012)Schetelig (1922)Schetelig (1922)Husdal (2023)Husdal (2008)Husdal (2008)Nilssen (1973)Husdal et al. (2016)Neumann et al. (1976)Schetelig (1922)Schetelig (1922)Schetelig (1922)Larsen et al. (2016)Bergstøl et al. (1988)+1 other referenceOftedal (1943)+2 other referencesSteffenssen (2018)Larsen et al. (2017)Larsen et al. (2017)Wilhelmsen (2020)
    Pakistan
     
    Herb Obodda
    Poland
     
    SZUSZKIEWICZ et al. (2013)+1 other referenceLis et al. (1986)Lis et al. (1986)Matyszczak (2018)Lis et al. (1986)Matyszczak (2018)Lis et al. (1986)Kozłowski et al. (2007)Lis et al. (1986)Szopa et al. (2017)Mochnacka et al. (2015)+1 other referenceChabros E.
    Portugal
     
    Samples collected by Luigi Chiappino ...+1 other reference
    Russia
     
    ...Pekov (1998)Savel'eva V.B. Karmanov N.S. (2008)+1 other referenceVoloshin et al. (2005)+3 other referencesA.V. Voloshin analytical dataPavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)Voloshin A.V. et al. (1986)Kalashnikov et al. (2016)webmineral.ru (2021)Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)Pekov et al. (2008)Zozulya et al. (2022)Kalashnikov et al. (2016)Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)Kapustin Yu.L. (1989)Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)P.M. Karashov data
    South Africa
     
    Cairncross et al. (1995)Cairncross et al. (1995)Cairncross et al. (1995)
    South Korea
     
    Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)
    Spain
     
    Garcia G. et al. (2004)Tánago et al. (2012)
    Sweden
     
    Kjellman et al. (1999)HintzeZittel (1860)Zittel (1860)Andersson et al. (2024)Andersson et al. (2024)Berlin (1845)+1 other referencePavel M. Kartashov analytical data (2002)+2 other referencesAndersson et al. (2024)Holtstam et al. (2007)Holtstam et al. (2007)Andersson et al. (2024)Holtstam et al. (2007)Andersson et al. (2024)Andersson et al. (2024)
    Switzerland
     
    Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Kipfer et al. (1979)+1 other referenceDollinger et al. (1999)Stalder et al. (1998)van der Burgt et al. (2005)M. Praeger (2005)Stalder et al. (1998)+1 other referenceCuchet et al. (2005)Cuchet et al. (2014)Stalder et al. (1998)
    Tajikistan
     
    Mirakov M.A. et al. (2018)Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)Pekov (1998)
    UK
     
    Norman R. Moles and Andrew G. Tindle (2011)S.Rust Collection
    USA
     
    Rocks & Min.: 21:505.Thomas (1953)+1 other referenceBideaux et al. (1960)+1 other referenceEckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Rocks & Min.: 64: 471.Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Hanson et al. (2013)Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Eckel et al. (1997)Slack (2007)Smith (2005)+1 other referenceLeonard S.Wiener and Sigrid BallewYale Peabody Museum+2 other referencesMicro Probe Volume VI Number 8+2 other referencesRocks & Minerals 79:6 pp409-411
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