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Cronstedtite

A valid IMA mineral species
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Fe2+2Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4
Colour:
Black, dark brown-black, green-black
Lustre:
Waxy, Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
3½
Specific Gravity:
3.34 - 3.35
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Serpentine Subgroup >Kaolinite-Serpentine Group
Name:
Named by Josef Johann Steinmann in 1821 in honor of Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1722-1765), Swedish chemist and mineralogist who discovered nickel, scheelite and coined the term zeolite. Cronstedt's mineralogical books revolutionized mineralogy and he is sometimes regarded as the father of modern mineralogy.
Type Locality:
ⓘPříbram District, Central Bohemian Region, Czech Republic
Several polytypes are known (see Crystallography section). A new non-MDO polytype, 6T2, was discovered in 2013 inPohled, Czech Republic (Hybler et al., 2016).


Unique Identifiers
IMA Formula:
(Fe2+,Fe3+)3(Si,Fe3+)2O5(OH)4

Classification of Cronstedtite

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
D : Phyllosilicates with kaolinite layers composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Dana 8th ed.:
71.1.4.7

71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
1 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 1:1 layers
Hey's CIM Ref.:
14.19.7

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
19 : Silicates of Fe

Mineral Symbols
Transparency:
Translucent, Opaque
Colour:
Black, dark brown-black, green-black
Streak:
Dark olive-green
Hardness:
3½ onMohs scale
Tenacity:
Elastic
Cleavage:
Perfect
on {001}
Fracture:
Micaceous
Density:
3.34 - 3.35 g/cm3 (Measured)    

Optical Data of Cronstedtite
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v moderate
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
In brown and blacks

Chemistry of Cronstedtite
Common Impurities:
Al,Ca

Crystallography of Cronstedtite
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
CalciteLimonite

Synonyms of Cronstedtite

Other Language Names for Cronstedtite

Relationship of Cronstedtite to other Species
Other Members of Serpentine Subgroup:
AmesiteMg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4Tric. 1 :P1
AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4Mon.m :Bm
Berthierine(Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4Mon.m :Bm
Brindleyite(Ni,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4Mon.
CaryopiliteMn2+3Si2O5(OH)4Mon.
ChrysotileMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4Mon.m :Bb
Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4Mon.
GuidottiiteMn2Fe3+(Fe3+SiO5)(OH)4Hex. 6 :P63
KellyiteMn2+2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4Hex. 6 :P63
LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4Trig. 3m :P31m
NépouiteNi3Si2O5(OH)4Orth.
PecoraiteNi3(Si2O5)(OH)4Mon.

Common AssociatesMon. 2/m9.ED.05DickiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4Mon.m :Bb9.ED.05NacriteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4Mon.m :Bb9.ED.05KaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4Tric. 1 :P19.ED.05Odinite(Fe,Mg,Al,Fe,Ti,Mn)2.4((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4Mon.m :Bm9.ED.10HalloysiteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4Mon.m :Bb9.ED.10HisingeriteFe3+2(Si2O5)(OH)4 · 2H2OMon.9.ED.10HydrohalloysiteAl2Si2O5(OH)4 · 2H2OMon.m9.ED.15AntigoriteMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4Mon.m :Bm9.ED.15Brindleyite(Ni,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4Mon.9.ED.15Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4Mon.9.ED.15NépouiteNi3Si2O5(OH)4Orth.9.ED.15PecoraiteNi3(Si2O5)(OH)4Mon.9.ED.15GuidottiiteMn2Fe3+(Fe3+SiO5)(OH)4Hex. 6 :P639.ED.15LizarditeMg3(Si2O5)(OH)4Trig. 3m :P31m9.ED.15Berthierine(Fe2+,Fe3+,Al)3(Si,Al)2O5(OH)4Mon.m :Bm9.ED.15KellyiteMn2+2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4Hex. 6 :P639.ED.15CaryopiliteMn2+3Si2O5(OH)4Mon.9.ED.15 vaChromoamesiteMg2(Al,Cr)(AlSiO5)(OH)49.ED.15AmesiteMg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4Tric. 1 :P19.ED.15Greenalite(Fe2+,Fe3+)2-3Si2O5(OH)4Mon.9.ED.15ManandoniteLi2Al4(Si2AlB)O10(OH)8Orth. 222 :C22219.ED.20ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1Orth.9.ED.20Neotocite(Mn,Fe)SiO3 · H2O (?)Amor.9.ED.20Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2OAmor.9.ED.20ImogoliteAl2SiO3(OH)49.ED.25BismutoferriteFe3+2Bi(SiO4)2(OH)Mon.m :Bm9.ED.25ChapmaniteFe3+2Sb3+(Si2O5)O3(OH)Mon.m :Bm9.ED.30PianliniteAl2Si2O6(OH)2Orth.

Fluorescence of Cronstedtite

Other Information
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    • References for CronstedtiteⓘGrove Mountains 020005 meteoriteShen et al. (2022)Shen et al. (2022)Shen et al. (2022)Lee et al. (2019)
    Argentina
     
    Howard et al. (2015)
    Armenia
     
    Nazarov et al. ( 1994)
    Australia
     
    Michael Zolensky & James L. Gooding (1987)+1 other referenceGole (1982)
    Austria
     
    Niedermayr et al. (2007)Löffler et al. (2011)Paar et al. (1993)
    Bolivia
     
    Müller et al. (1979)Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998)+1 other referenceWilson (2001)+2 other referencesSmith et al. (2001)+1 other reference
    Costa Rica
     
    Garvie (2021)
    Czech Republic
     
    Hybler et al. (2017)C. Lemanski (7076CL)Am Min 47 (1962)[Bull.N.M.Praha 2002Novák+1 other referenceHybler et al. (2021)Hybler et al. (2016)+1 other referenceHybler et al. (2016)
    Denmark
     
    Henning Haack et al. (2012)
    DR Congo
     
    Howard et al. (2015)
    France
     
    Wittern et al. (1997)Marrocchi et al. (2014)+3 other referencesForner et al. (1997)+1 other reference
    Germany
     
    F. Müller: "Bayerns steinreiche Ecke" (1984)Lapis 15 (7/8)Wittern (2001)
    Greece
     
    Rieck et al. (2020)Rieck et al. (2020)
    Hungary
     
    Szakáll et al. (1996)+1 other reference
    India
     
    Metzler et al. (1992)
    Italy
     
    Gianluca Armellino et al. (2024)Carbone et al. (2002)- (n.d.)Campostrini (2001)Piccoli et al. (2007)Ara D. et al. (2013)Stara et al. (1991)
    Kazakhstan
     
    Jeremolenko (2002)
    Mexico
     
    Martin Števko-unpublished data (confirmed by PXRD and EMPA-WDS)+1 other referencePanczner (1987)Hybler et al. (2024)
    Morocco
     
    Hybler et al. (2021)
    Northwest Africa Meteorites
     
    Jacquet et al. (2016)
    Norway
     
    Andersen et al. (1996)+1 other reference
    Oman
     
    Ivanova et al. (2003, March)
    Peru
     
    Hyrsl et al. (2003)
    Romania
     
    Huber et al. (1996)A specimen in the British Museum-Rock ...
    Russia
     
    Sachkov et al. (2018)
    Slovakia
     
    Koděra (1986)Hybler et al. (2017)Varček et al. (1990)
    South Africa
     
    Thomas J. Zega & Peter R. Buseck (2003)+1 other reference
    Spain
     
    Joan Abella i Creus (Joanabellacreus@gmail.com)Calvo (1996)
    UK
     
    Clark (1993)+1 other referenceKogure et al. (2002)Hogg (1825)+2 other referencesGolley et al. (1995)- (2010)
    Ukraine
     
    Ian D. R. MacKinnon (1980)
    USA
     
    Kauffman et al. (1946)+2 other referencesKauffman et al. (1946)+1 other referenceZolensky (2014)Hoadley (1918)+1 other referenceSchooner (circa 1985)Theodore E Bunch & S. Chang (1980)+1 other referenceLi+3 other referencesCastor et al. (2004)Michael C Michayluk CollectionHoward et al. (2015)
    Yemen
     
    Zolensky et al. (2003)
    Zambia
     
    MacIntyre (2019)
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