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Cosalite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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One of the more common lead-bismuth sulphides, along withgalenobismutite.

Appears to contain Cu and Ag as apparently essential constituents, according to Clark (1993) ("Hey's Mineral Index") and Zak et al. (1992) and the detailed study of Topa & Makovicky (2010). The latter propose the general formula CuxAgi+sPb8-2s-0.5(x+i)Bi8+sS20; they state: cosalite is "a unique case of solid-solution based on a combined omission-interstitial insertion substitution".


Unique Identifiers

Classification of Cosalite

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
J : Sulfosalts of PbS archetype
B : Galena derivatives, with Pb

Dana 8th ed.:
3.5.9.1

3 : SULFOSALTS
5 : 2.5 < ø < 3
Hey's CIM Ref.:
5.6.24

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
6 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb alone

Mineral Symbols
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Grey
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
2½ - 3 onMohs scale
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
Very rare
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
6.86 - 6.99 g/cm3 (Measured)    7.12 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Cosalite
Common Impurities:
Cu,Fe

Crystallography of Cosalite
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
n.d.

Synonyms of Cosalite

Other Language Names for Cosalite

Varieties of CosaliteArgentocosaliteUnnecessary name for a Ag-bearing cosalite.ArgentocuprocosaliteUnnecessary name for Ag- and Cu-bearing cosalite.Selenium-bearing Cosalite

Common AssociatesMon. 2/m :P21/b2.JB.ArsenquatrandoriteAg17.6Pb12.8Sb38.1As11.5S96Mon. 2/m :P21/b2.JB.GinelfiteAg2(Ag0.5Fe)TlPb23.5(Sb,As)33.5S76Tric.1 :P12.JB.AndreadiniiteCuHgAg7Pb7Sb24S48Mon. 2/m :P21/b2.JB.ChukotkaiteAgPb7Sb5S15Mon. 2/m :P21/b2.JB.SelenojunoiteCu2Pb3Bi8Se16Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.LechneriteAg10Cu4HgPb33Sb58S128Tric.1 :P12.JB.Cuprosenandorite Ag16Cu8Pb24Sb72S144Orth.mm2 :Pna212.JB.MorleyiteAg2CuPb25Sb24As4S68.5Tric.1 :P12.JB.LazerckeriteAg3.75Pb4.50(Sb7.75Bi4)S24Mon. 2/m :P21/b2.JB.LasmanisiteAg12Pb13Mn11Sb44S96Orth. 222 :P2121212.JB.MontpelvouxiteAgPb16Sb27As18S84Tric.1 :P12.JB.SenandoriteAgPbSb3S6Orth.mm2 :Pmn212.JB.OscarkempffiteAg10Pb4(Sb17Bi9)S48Orth.mm22.JB.05DiaphoriteAg3Pb2Sb3S8Mon. 2/m :P21/b2.JB.15MarriteAgPbAsS3Mon. 2/m :P21/b2.JB.15FreieslebeniteAgPbSbS3Mon. 2/m :P21/b2.JB.20CannizzaritePb48Bi56S132Mon. 2/m :P21/m2.JB.20WittitePb9Bi12(S,Se)27Mon.2.JB.25jRouxeliteCu2HgPb23Sb27S65.5Tric.1 :P12.JB.25iNeyiteAg2Cu6Pb25Bi26S68Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.25aJunoiteCu2Pb3Bi8(S,Se)16Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.25fÁngelaiteCu2AgPbBiS4Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma2.JB.25cNordströmiteCuPb3Bi7(Se4S10)Mon. 2/m :P21/m2.JB.25iCuproneyiteCu7Pb27Bi25S68Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.25gNuffielditeCu1.4Pb2.4Bi2.4Sb0.2S7Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)2.JB.25hWeibullitePb5Bi8Se7S11Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma2.JB.25dProuditeCuPb7.5Bi9.33(S,Se)22Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.25bFelbertaliteCu2Pb6Bi8S19Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.30aJordanitePb14As6S23Mon. 2/m :P21/m2.JB.30aGeocronitePb14Sb6S23Mon. 2/m :P21/m2.JB.30aArsenmarcobaldiitePb12(As3.2Sb2.8)Σ6S21Tric.1 :P12.JB.30bKirkiitePb10Bi3As3S19Mon. 2/m :P21/m2.JB.30cTsugaruitePb28As15S50ClOrth.mm2 :Pnn22.JB.30aMarcobaldiitePb12(Sb3As2Bi)Σ6S21Tric. 1 :P12.JB.35dPellouxite(Cu,Ag)Pb10Sb12S27O(Cl,S)0.6Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.35eChovanitePb15-2xSb14+2xS36Ox (x ~ 0.2)Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.35aZinkenitePb9Sb22S42Hex. 6 :P632.JB.35cPillaitePb9Sb10S23ClO0.5Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.35bScainiitePb14Sb30S54O5Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.35fTubuliteAg2Pb22Sb20S53Mon.m :Pb2.JB.40aFizélyiteAg5Pb14Sb21S48Mon. 2/m2.JB.40aRamdohritePb5.9Fe0.1Mn0.1In0.1Cd0.2Ag2.8Sb10.8S24Mon. 2/m2.JB.40eUstarasitePb(Bi,Sb)6S10 (?)2.JB.40aBursaitePb5Bi4S11 (?)Orth.2.JB.40UM1988-05-S:AgBiCuHgPb(Hg,Ag,Cu,Pb)5Pb5Bi11S272.JB.40UM1988-06-S:AgBiCuHgPb(Pb,Hg)12(Cu,Ag)3(Bi,Sb)10(S,Te)272.JB.40aTerrywallaceiteAgPb(Sb,Bi)3S6Mon. 2/m :P21/b2.JB.40aJasrouxiteAg16Pb4(Sb24As16)S72Tric.1 :P12.JB.40aTarutinoiteAg3Pb7Bi7S19Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.40aOyoniteAg3Mn2Pb4Sb7As4S24Mon. 2/m2.JB.40bHeyrovskýitePb6Bi2S9Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Cccm2.JB.40aQuatrandoriteAgPbSb3S6Mon. 2/m :P21/b2.JB.40aErzwiesiteAg8Pb12Bi16S40Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Cmcm2.JB.40aVikingiteAg5Pb8Bi13S30Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.40aLillianitePb3-2xAgxBi2+xS6Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)2.JB.40bBaiamareiteAg4Pb12Fe4Sb20S48Mon. 2/m2.JB.40aStaročeskéiteAg0.70Pb1.60(Bi1.35Sb1.35)Σ2.70S6Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Cmcm2.JB.40aRoshchiniteAg19Pb10Sb51S96Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma2.JB.40bAschamalmitePb6-3xBi2+xS9Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.40bEskimoiteAg7Pb10Bi15S36Mon.2.JB.40aMenchettiiteAgPb2.40Mn1.60Sb3As2S12Mon. 2/m :P21/b2.JB.40aHolubiteAg3Pb6(Sb8Bi3)S24Mon. 2/m2.JB.40aBrusnitsyniteMn3CuPbAs3Sb2S12Mon. 2/m :P21/b2.JB.40aTreasuriteAg7Pb6Bi15S32Mon.2.JB.40cOurayiteAg3Pb4Bi5S13Orth.2.JB.40aUchucchacuaiteAgMnPb3Sb5S12Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pmmm2.JB.40dSchirmeritePbAgBi3S6 - Pb3Ag1.5Bi3.5S9Orth.2.JB.40aXilingolitePb3Bi2S6Mon.2.JB.40aGustaviteAgPbBi3S6Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)2.JB.55GratonitePb9As4S15Trig. 3m :R3m2.JB.60MarrucciiteHg3Pb16Sb18S46Mon. 2/m :B2/m2.JB.65VurroitePb20Sn2(Bi,As)22S54Cl6Mon. 2/m :B2/b2.JB.65TazieffitePb20Cd2(As,Bi)22S50Cl10Mon. 2/m :B2/b2.JB.70DaliranitePbHgAs2S5Mon.

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    • References for CosaliteⓘAïn BarbarMarignac (1988)
    Argentina
     
    De Brodtkorb (2009)[var: Argentocuprocosalite]Testa et al. (2018)
    Australia
     
    Ashley et al. (1997)Lawrence et al. (1962)+1 other referenceClissold (2007)Sorrell (n.d.)Clissold (2007)Gilligan et al. (1992)Skirrow (1993)Pring et al. (2003)Zaw et al. (1997)Bottrill et al. (2008)Mueller+3 other referencesFerguson (1999)Grguric et al. (2006)Grguric et al. (2006)
    Austria
     
    Cook et al. (2007)Walter et al. (2005)Paar et al. (1998)Pichler (2009)Pichler (2009)Niedermayr et al. (1995)+1 other referenceNiedermayr et al. (1995)+1 other referenceNiedermayr et al. (1995)Strasser (1989)C.Auer (2020)Kolitsch (2010)PUTZ (2010)Alois Lechner collection (SXRD-analysis by Uwe Kolitsch)+1 other referencePaar et al. (1993)Putz (2003)Exel (1993)Paar (1979)Strasser (1989)Niedermayr et al. (2001)Strasser (1989)+1 other referenceSteiner&Melcher (2020)Thalhammer et al. (1989)Topa et al. (2001)+2 other referencesAnthony et al. (1990)Lewandowski et al. (2006)Kolitsch et al. (2009)+1 other referenceBRANDSTÄTTER (1996)+1 other reference
    Azerbaijan
     
    - (2005)
    Bolivia
     
    Franco (2018)Jiménez-Franco et al. (2018)Ahlfeld (1955)Alfredo Petrov specimenSalomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998)Cook (1977)+1 other reference
    Brazil
     
    Oberthür et al. (2008)
    Bulgaria
     
    Cook et al. (2002)Cook et al. (2002)Cook et al. (2002)Kerestedjian (1997)Dimitrova (2006)DobrevDobrev[MinRec 22 p.439]Bonev (1993)+1 other referenceCook et al. (2002)
    Canada
     
    Dana 7:I:446.Dana 7:I:446+2 other referencesPeatfield (n.d.)+1 other referenceRhys (1993)+1 other reference- (Eloise vein and Blue Quartz vein)+1 other reference- (n.d.)- (n.d.)Piésold (2014-03-14)+1 other reference153-155.+3 other referencesParrish (1977)+1 other referenceHarris et al. (1984)[var: Argentocuprocosalite]MacMillan (2014)T.L.Walker (1921)T.L.Walker (1921)Karup-Møller (1977)+1 other referenceSabina (1974)Harron (1976)+1 other referenceCharles Normand (2016)
    China
     
    Yunsheng Ren et al. (2005)Yunsheng Ren et al. (2007)Zhenru Zhang et al. (1987)Wenfeng Zhu et al. (2009)Yu et al. (2020)Yu Wang et al. (1991)Zhijie Liu et al. (2009)Wang et al. (2024)Tang et al. (2022)Yihong Sun and Xiangmei Ren (1986)Bosheng Zhou et al. (2002)+1 other referenceChen et al. (2022)Wang et al. (2024)Dequan Zhang et al. (1991)Zhao et al. (2023)Yingchen Ren et al. (1986)+3 other referencesShaofeng Wang (1991)[var: Argentocosalite]Minqing Cheng and Cunchang Wang (1989)+1 other referenceShangquan Wu (1986)Liyan Zhang (1985)Feng et al. (2023)Enkui Cao (1991)Yuzhi Zhang (1983)+2 other referencesDianhao Huang and Shihua Hu (2000)+2 other referencesLiu et al. (2024)American Mineralogist 85+1 other referenceLiu et al. (2024)Feibao Wu and Zongyu Li (1986)Zhou et al. (2016)+1 other referenceHeming Gao (1994)ZHANG et al. (2014)+1 other reference
    Czech Republic
     
    Pažout et al. (2017)Pažout et al. (2017)+1 other referenceLapis 2000 (4)LitochlebAnthony et al. (1990)Trdlička et al. (Silesia, Czechoslovakia)
    DR Congo
     
    Deliens (1996)+1 other reference
    Fiji
     
    Scherbarth et al. (2006)
    Finland
     
    suoperä
    France
     
    Ducluzaux (2022)De Ascençao Guedes (2003)Delfour (2007)Chauris (2014)Chauris (2014)R. PierrotR. PierrotR. PierrotBari (1982)Wittern+1 other referenceThis mine worked the same vein as Gabe ...+2 other referencesRuhlmann (1978)Wittern et al. (1997)Wittern et al. (1997)Wittern et al. (1997)Queneau (n.d.)Forner et al. (1997)Lheur (2023)Guitard (2010)Pierrot et al. (1976)Moëlo et al. (1987)R. PierrotR. PierrotR. PierrotR. Pierrot
    Georgia
     
    Kekelia et al. (2008)
    Germany
     
    Habel (2009)Nickel et al. (1985)Weiß (1990)Witzke (1993)+1 other referenceWitzke et al. (2007)Kolitsch et al. (1997)+1 other reference
    Greece
     
    Gröbner et al. (2002)Gröbner et al. (2002)Uwe KolitschVoudouris et al. (2013)Hawthorne et al. (1986)+2 other referencesFornadel et al. (2011)Fornadel et al. (2011)Vavelidis et al. (1997)Fornadel et al. (2011)
    Greenland
     
    Karup-Møller S. (1973)+1 other reference
    Hungary
     
    ELTE+1 other referenceSándor et al. (2005)Szakáll & Jánosi. Minerals of HungaryKoch (1985)+2 other referencesSzakáll et al. (2012)Szakáll et al. (2012)
    India
     
    Tripathi et al. (2022)
    Indonesia
     
    Dana et al. (2022)Prendergast (2003)+1 other referenceSinger et al. (2008)
    Iran
     
    Karimpour et al. (2005)
    Ireland
     
    O'Reilly et al. (1997)
    Italy
     
    Carmagnola et al. (2023)Marchesini et al. (2025)Bruno Marello et al. (2023)+1 other referenceCampostrini (2001)Finello et al. (2007)Finello et al. (2007)Bruno Martini collection+1 other referencedoi:10.3390/min6010008+1 other referenceGallo (a cura di)Albertini et al. (2007)Piccoli et al. (2007)Pipino (2003)Ferraris G. et al. (1970)Piccoli et al. (2007)Albertini et al. (2007)Gamboni et al. (2021)Deidda et al. (2022)Karup-Møller (1977)Deidda et al. (2023)Gian Claudio Lecca et al. (2024)GARAVELLI A. et al. (1997)Krismer et al. (2011)+2 other referencesDill (1979)A.Costantini (2015)Biagioni et al. (2015)Senesi et al. (2025)G. Duchi et al. (Isola d'Elba)+1 other referenceOrlandi et al. (1994)+1 other referenceOrlandi et al. (1994)+2 other referencesBombarda et al. (1999)+2 other references
    Japan
     
    HARADA et al. (1972)+1 other referenceSATO et al. (1981)Yamada (2004)Petrov (n.d.)+2 other references- (n.d.)+2 other referencesKato et al. (1969)+1 other referenceIzumino et al. (2015)Izumino et al. (2015)Izumino et al. (2015)Yokoro et al. (2010)IZUMINO et al. (2013)+1 other referenceOzawa et al. (1998)
    Jersey
     
    Mourant (1985)
    Kazakhstan
     
    Kovalev et al. (2018)Manfred Mader specimenMozgova et al. (1994)Mozgova et al. (1994)Evseev (1995)Singer et al. (2008)Evseev (1995)Baibatsha et al. (2015)Baibatsha et al. (2015)Rock Currier collection no. 6166
    Kosovo
     
    Féraud J. (1979)+2 other referencesMederski et al. (2021)Mederski et al. (2021)Mederski et al. (2021)
    Kyrgyzstan
     
    Soloviev (2011)
    Madagascar
     
    Behier (1963)
    Malaysia
     
    Foo (1979)Foo (1979)Econ Geol (1989)Econ Geol (1989)
    Mali
     
    Sangaré et al. (2014)
    Mexico
     
    Panczner (1987)Panczner (1987)- (1998)+1 other referenceDr Peter Megaw and Jesse Crawford ...GONZALEZPARTIDA et al. (2003)GONZALEZPARTIDA et al. (2003)Dana 7:I:446.+2 other referencesPanczner (1987)Sid WilliamsParker (2010)
    Morocco
     
    Ilmen et al. (2024)
    Myanmar
     
    Yueqing Yang and Wenying Wang (2002)Sint et al. (2019)
    North Korea
     
    Ishibashi (1944)
    North Macedonia
     
    Serafimovski et al. (2013)+1 other referenceSerafimovski et al. (2016)
    Norway
     
    Raade (1993)Berg (1990)+1 other referenceKarup-Møller (1971)+1 other referenceSaager (1967)Ellingsen et al. (2000)Rune S. Selbekk (2010)Larsen et al. (2022)Larsen et al. (2022)Larsen et al. (2022)Larsen (1993)Larsen et al. (2022)Larsen et al. (2022)Larsen (1977)+1 other referenceVogt (1886, p. 26)+1 other reference
    Peru
     
    mrdata.usgs.gov (n.d.)B. Duval
    Poland
     
    Singer et al. (2008)SZEŁĘG E.Pieczka et al. (2009)+1 other referenceMochnacka et al. (2015)Kozłowski et al. (2024)Kozłowski et al. (2024)Mochnacka et al. (2015)+1 other referenceSimon et al. (1997)+1 other referenceKucha et al. (1986)Lis et al. (1986)Körber et al. (2005)Gadomski M.E. SzelegSinger et al. (2008)
    Portugal
     
    Leal Gomes et al. (2009)Nuno Afonso collection+1 other reference
    Romania
     
    Ciobanu et al. (2006)Cook et al. (2002)+1 other referenceShimizu et al. (1998)+1 other referenceShimizu et al. (1998)Natural History Museum Vienna collection (cosalite specimen)+1 other referenceShimizu et al. (1998)Cook et al. (2002)Jakub Jirásek+1 other referenceCook et al. (2002)Cook et al. (2002)Cook et al. (2002)Cook et al. (2004)Dincă et al. (2025)Buzatu et al. (2015)Damian+7 other referencesCook (1997)Cook (1997)- (1998)Cook (1997)Plotinskaya et al. (2009)+1 other reference
    Russia
     
    Vakh et al. (2009, March)+1 other referenceGordienko et al. (2016)+1 other referenceBortnikov et al. (2004)Gonevchuk et al. (2010)Burlakov (1995)Anthony et al. (1990)Volkov et al. (2013)Mozgova et al. (1992)+1 other referenceGroznova et al (2005)+1 other referenceSimanenko (2006)+1 other referenceGvozdev et al. (2016)Grebennikova et al. (2023)Grebennikova et al. (2023)+1 other referenceGonevchuk et al. (2005)Gvozdev (2001)+1 other referenceAlekseev et al. (2015)World of Stones - Issue 9 - Page 32+1 other referencePerevoznikova et al. (2022)Перевозникова et al. (СИХОТЭ-АЛИНЬ)+1 other referenceKondratieva et al. (2021)Gamyanin et al. (2015)maurice.strahlen.org (2004)+1 other referenceWilson (2016)+2 other referencesVikent’ev et al. (2006)Redin et al. (2015)+2 other referencesMineralogical Society of America - ...Kasatkin et al. (2014)Timofeeva et al. (1975)+1 other referenceYurgenson et al. (2023)Gvozdev et al. (2020)Lyubimtseva et al. (2018)+1 other referenceKrivitskaya et al. (2008, June)Prokof'ev et al. (2004)+2 other references
    Rwanda
     
    De Clercq (2012)+2 other references
    Serbia
     
    Slobodan A. Radosavljević et al. (2013)+1 other referenceRadosavljevic-Mihajlovic et al. (2007)Pačevski et al. (2018)Budinov et al. (2015)
    Slovakia
     
    Pršek et al. (2001)Pršek et al. (2001)Pršek J. (Kandid. dizert. práca)+1 other referenceKoděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Ragan M. et al. (veporikum)Kodě+1 other referenceHáber et al. (SGR)Háber M. (1969)+1 other referencePauliš et al. (2002)Koděra (1986)Grecula (1995)DudaHáber M. (1980)Grecula (1995)Grecula (1995)Koděra (1986)Koděra (1986)Ferenc et al. (2021)Koděra (1986)Pauliš et al. (2002)Koděra (1986)Ďuďa et al. (1996)Pršek J. (Kandid. dizert. práca)
    South Korea
     
    Dongbok Shin et al.Park (1993)CHOI et al. (1985)
    Spain
     
    Ruiz et al. (2002)+1 other referenceLillo Ramos (1992)Econ Geol (1992)Tánago et al. (2012)Sainz de Baranda Graf et al. (2023)Calvo (2009)Minero (2014)Castroviejo (1990)
    Sweden
     
    Mumme (1980)+1 other referenceGFF 113Grensman et al. (2001)Torstensson (2002)Alm+2 other referencesMagnusson (1929)Flink (1886)+1 other referenceStrand (2017)Gatedal (n.d.)
    Switzerland
     
    Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Hugi (1931)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Wilson (2023)Most recent: Gea 1993/04 p.137 with ...Cuchet et al. (2016)Meisser et al. (1993)+1 other referenceStalder et al. (1998)Meisser et al. (1993)Stalder et al. (1998)+1 other referenceSchad (1989)Schweizer strahler
    Tajikistan
     
    Pavlova et al. (2009)
    UK
     
    Cooper et al. (1990)+1 other referenceKingsbury et al. (1956)+4 other referencesKingsbury et al. (1956)Wirth et al. (2002)Stanley et al. (1982)+1 other reference
    Ukraine
     
    Geology+2 other referencesBiruk et al. (2012)Liventseva (n.d.)
    USA
     
    Graeme (1981)+1 other referenceAnthony et al. (1995)Stolburg (1984)Eckel et al. (1997)Dana 6:1090+1 other referenceDana 7:I:447.Ransome (1901)Dana 7:I:446. Minerals of ColoradoRocks & Minerals 71:2 pp94-101Rocks & Min.:64:144-145.Dana 7:I:446+3 other referencesDana 7:I:446.Dana 7:I:476.Travis Olds collectionChris van Laer collection (SXRD-analysed by Uwe Kolitsch, chemically analysed by Bart Cannon)van Laer (1979)Gobla (2012)Mankins (2022)Mankins (2022)Castor et al. (2004)Schilling (1979)Schilling (1979)Simon et al. (1997)NBMG Bull 70 Geology and Mineral ...Castor et al. (2004)Northrop et al. (1996)Northrop et al. (1996)Walstrom (n.d.)A. Kampf 2-2018Parker IIIBackSmith et al. (2000)Bullock (1981)Butler (1913)Bullock (1981)Koschmann et al. (1968)Dietrich (1990)Singer et al. (2005)Cannon (1975)LasmanisCannon (1975)Cannon (1975)Maggie WilsonCannon (1975)Bart Cannon (Cannon Microprobe)
    Uzbekistan
     
    Ashirov et al. (2023)Badalov et al. (1975)
    Zimbabwe
     
    Oberthür et al. (2008)
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