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Clintonite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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CaAlMg2(SiAl3O10)(OH)2
Colour:
Brown, golden brown, reddish brown, yellow green, dark green
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Resinous, Pearly, Sub-Metallic
Hardness:
3½ - 6
Specific Gravity:
3.0 - 3.1
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Brittle Mica Group
Name:
Named in 1843 by William Williams Mather, John Finch, and William Horton in honor of DeWitt Clinton [March 2, 1769 Little Britain, New York, USA - February 11, 1828 Albany, New York, USA], multi-talented American statesman and naturalist. Clinton was a Congressional senator for New York and later mayor of New York City. He was an organizer of the Historical Society of New York and the American Academy of Fine Arts. Clinton was one of the original surveyors of the route of the Erie Canal and later governor of New York state (July 1, 1817 - December 31, 1822. Work of the Erie Canal began with Clinton's breaking the ground for construction on July 4, 1817. Daniel Walker Howe (2007) wrote about Clinton: "The infrastructure he worked to create would transform American life, enhancing economic opportunity, political participation, and intellectual awareness." Sixteen towns and eight USA state counties are named for him.
Type Locality:
ⓘClintonite type locality, Amity, Town of Warwick, Orange County, New York, USA
Isostructural with:
Anandite,Bityite,Kinoshitalite,Margarite
Brittle Mica.


Unique Identifiers

Classification of Clintonite

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
Dana 8th ed.:
71.2.2c.2

71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
2 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 layers
Hey's CIM Ref.:
16.11.5

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
11 : Aluminosilicates of Ca and Mg with or without alkalis

Mineral SymbolsJolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of Clintonite
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Brown, golden brown, reddish brown, yellow green, dark green
Streak:
Colorless to white, pale brown
Hardness:
3½ - 6 onMohs scale
Comment:
Extreme hardness variation. 3.5 || {001}, 6 ⊥ {001}
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
{001}
Fracture:
Micaceous
Density:
3.0 - 3.1 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.12 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Clintonite
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
none
Optical Extinction:
Y=b 1M or Z=b 2M1
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
X

Chemistry of Clintonite
Common Impurities:
Na,K,Ti,Fe,F

Crystallography of Clintonite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Bronzey plates in matrix.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
No designated type material.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
High temperature marble.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
CalciteChondroditeGraphitePhlogopitePyrrhotite
Spinel

Synonyms of Clintonite

Other Language Names for Clintonite

Varieties of Clintonite

Relationship of Clintonite to other Species
Other Members of Brittle Mica Group:
Anandite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3((Si,Al,Fe)4O10)(S,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b
BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b
Chernykhite(Ba,Na)(V3+,Al,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2Mon.
Chloroferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(Cl,OH,F)2
Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m
FluorokinoshitaliteBaMg3(Al2Si2O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m
Ganterite(Ba,Na,K)(Al,Mg)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b
Kinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Mn2+,Al)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m
MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b
Oxykinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(O,OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m

Common AssociatesTric.1 :P19.EC.BalestraiteKLi2V5+Si4O12Mon. 2 :B29.EC.05TalcMg3Si4O10(OH)2Tric.1 :P19.EC.05MinnesotaiteFe2+3Si4O10(OH)2Tric.1 :P19.EC.05WillemseiteNi3Si4O10(OH)2Mon.9.EC.9.EC.VoloshiniteRb(LiAl1.5◻0.5)(Al0.5Si3.5)O10F2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.10FluorluanshiweiiteKLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.10GarmiteCsLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon.9.EC.10GorbunoviteCsLi2(Ti,Fe)Si4O10(F,OH,O)2Mon.9.EC.10FerripyrophylliteFe3+Si2O5(OH)Mon. 2/m9.EC.10ManganiceladoniteK(MgMn3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.10LuanshiweiiteKLiAl1.5(Si3.5Al0.5)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.10PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2Tric.19.EC.15ParagoniteNaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.15FerroaluminoceladoniteK(Fe2+Al◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15NanpingiteCsAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.15FerroceladoniteK(Fe2+Fe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15Ganterite(Ba,Na,K)(Al,Mg)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.15KreiteriteCsLi2Fe3+(Si4O10)F2Mon.9.EC.15RoscoeliteKV3+2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.15AluminoceladoniteK(MgAl◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15Tobelite(NH4)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15TainioliteKLiMg2(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15CeladoniteK(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15ChromceladoniteK(MgCr◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon. 2 :B29.EC.15MontdoriteKFe2+1.5Mn2+0.5Mg0.5Si4O10(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.15ChromphylliteKCr2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.15BoromuscoviteKAl2(BSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m9.EC.15UM1988-22-SiO:AlCaFFeHKLiMgKLiMgAl2Si3O10F2Mon.9.EC.15Chernykhite(Ba,Na)(V3+,Al,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.15MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.20MasutomiliteK(LiAlMn2+)[AlSi3O10]F2Mon. 2 :B29.EC.20OxyphlogopiteK(Mg,Ti,Fe)3[(Si,Al)4O10](O,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20Chloroferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(Cl,OH,F)29.EC.20SiderophylliteKFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.20SokolovaiteCsLi2Al(Si4O10)F2Mon.9.EC.20HendricksiteKZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20TetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20FluoranniteKFe2+3(Si3Al)O10F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20AspidoliteNaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20Suhailite(NH4)Fe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20EphesiteNaLiAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Tric. 1 :P19.EC.20NorrishiteKLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20YangzhumingiteKMg2.5(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20OrloviteKLi2Ti(Si4O10)OFMon. 2 :B29.EC.20TetraferrianniteKFe2+3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20ShirokshiniteK(NaMg2)(Si4O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20TrilithioniteK(Li1.5Al1.5)(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.20PolylithioniteKLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.20ShirozuliteKMn2+3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20PreiswerkiteNaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.20FluorophlogopiteKMg3(Si3Al)O10F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20Wonesite(Na,K)(Mg,Fe,Al)6((Al,Si)4O10)2(OH,F)4Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20UM2004-49-SiO:AlCsFHKLi(Cs,K)(Al,Li)2.6((Si,Al)4O10)(F,OH)29.EC.20FluorotetraferriphlogopiteKMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20AnniteKFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.20EastoniteKMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.22PimeliteNi3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2OHex.9.EC.30MargariteCaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.30Chlorophaeite(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Fe2Si4O13 · 10H2O9.EC.35Kinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Mn2+,Al)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35Ferrokinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35Oxykinoshitalite(Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(O,OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35FluorokinoshitaliteBaMg3(Al2Si2O10)F2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.35BityiteCaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.35Anandite(Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3((Si,Al,Fe)4O10)(S,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.EC.40Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.40Beidellite(Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.40VolkonskoiteCa0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.9.EC.40NontroniteNa0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.40Kurumsakite(Zn,Ni,Cu)8Al8V5+2Si5O35 · 27H2O (?)Orth.9.EC.40Yakhontovite(Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2OMon.9.EC.45SwineforditeLi(Al,Li,Mg)3((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.45HectoriteNa0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.45ZincsiliteZn3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O (?)Mon.9.EC.45HanjiangiteBa2CaV3+Al(H2AlSi3O12)(CO3)2FMon. 2 :B29.EC.45SpadaiteMgSiO2(OH)2 · H2O (?)9.EC.45FerrosaponiteCa0.3(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.9.EC.45Stevensite(Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2Mon.9.EC.45SaponiteCa0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2OMon.9.EC.45SauconiteNa0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2OMon.9.EC.50VermiculiteMg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2OMon. 2/m9.EC.52Tarasovitenear NaKAl11Si13O40(OH)9 · 3H2O9.EC.55ClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.55Borocookeite(LiAl4◻)[BSi3O10](OH)8Mon.m :Bb9.EC.55FranklinfurnaceiteCa2Fe3+Mn2+3Mn3+(Zn2Si2O10)(OH)8Mon. 2 :B29.EC.55PennantiteMn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric.9.EC.55VakhrushevaiteMg5Cr(AlSi3O10)(OH)8Tric.19.EC.55Nimite(Ni,Mg,Al)6((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.55Cookeite(LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8Mon. 2/m9.EC.55Gonyerite(Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8Orth.9.EC.55Chamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.55Orthochamosite(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)89.EC.55Baileychlore(Zn,Fe2+,Al,Mg)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8Tric.19.EC.55SudoiteMg2Al3(Si3Al)O10)(OH)8Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.55GlagoleviteNa(Mg,Al)6(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8Tric. 1 :P19.EC.55DonbassiteAl4.33(Si3Al)O10(OH)8Mon. 2 :B29.EC.60DozyiteMg7Al2(Al2Si4O15)(OH)12Mon.9.EC.60Rectorite(Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2OMon.9.EC.60Corrensite(Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2OOrth.9.EC.60AliettiteCa0.2Mg6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 4H2OMon.9.EC.60Karpinskite(Ni,Mg)2Si2O5(OH)2 (?)Mon.9.EC.60LunijianlaiteLi0.7Al6.2(AlSi7O20)(OH,O)10Mon.9.EC.60TosuditeNa0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2OMon. 2 :B29.EC.60HydrobiotiteK(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2OMon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.60Saliotite(Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.EC.60KulkeiteMg8Al(AlSi7O20)(OH)10Mon.9.EC.60BrinrobertsiteNa0.3Al4(Si4O10)2(OH)4 · 3.5 H2OMon.9.EC.65Macaulayite(Fe,Al)24Si4O43(OH)2Mon.9.EC.70BurckhardtitePb2(Fe3+Te6+)[AlSi3O8]O6Trig.3m(32/m) :P31m9.EC.75Niksergievite(Ba,Ca)2Al3(AlSi3O10)(CO3)(OH)6 · nH2OMon.9.EC.75Ferrisurite(Pb,Ca)2.4Fe3+2(Si4O10)(CO3)1.7(OH)3 · nH2OMon.9.EC.75Surite(Pb,Ca)3(Al,Fe2+,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(CO3)2(OH)2Mon. 2 :P219.EC.80KegelitePb8Al4(Si8O20)(SO4)2(CO3)4(OH)8Mon.

Fluorescence of Clintonite

Other Information
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    • References for ClintoniteⓘGedabek MineAgaev et al. (2019)
    Chile
     
    Sugaki et al. (2000)
    China
     
    Jianwei Wang and Zhengmin Cao (1992)Zhengmin Cao et al. (1997)
    Czech Republic
     
    Houzar et al. (2008)Houzar et al. (2006)Houzar et al. (2006)Houzar et al. (2006)
    Finland
     
    Hietala
    France
     
    Dubru. M (1986)
    Greenland
     
    Petersen et al. (1993)Windley B.F. et al. (1989)
    Hungary
     
    Szakáll et al. (1996)Fehér (2004)+1 other reference
    Indonesia
     
    Amer.Min. (1995)Mackinney et al. (1988)
    Iran
     
    Taghipour
    Italy
     
    De Michele (1974)Maida (2002)De Michele (1974)Di Colbertaldo (1940)+2 other referencesBertolini A. (1975)Mariani P. et al. (1975)Marchesini et al. (2025)+1 other referenceBedognè et al. (2006)Scaini (1972)Bedognè et al. (2006)+1 other referenceExel (1987)Tomasi (1940)+1 other referenceExel (1987)Exel (1987)+1 other referenceExel (1987)Demartin et al. (2006)Grisotto et al. (2010)Exel (1987)Merlino et al. (1977)
    Japan
     
    - (n.d.)+2 other referencesKazuo Harada et al. (1965)+2 other referencesHarada et al. (1965)Nakamura (2000)
    Madagascar
     
    Nicollet (1985)+2 other references
    Mexico
     
    Brearley et al. (1998)Jean-Philippe Nattero collectionAlejandro Felix Gutierrez Collection
    Middle East
     
    Vapnik et al. (2006)
    Northwest Africa Meteorites
     
    Ma et al. (2024)
    Romania
     
    Marincea et al. (2011)Marincea et al. (2014, September)+1 other reference
    Russia
     
    Kislov+1 other referenceTalovina et al. (2008)Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)Stepanov et al. (2024)Talovina et al. (2008)Talovina et al. (2008)+2 other referencesArmbruster et al. (2011)+1 other referenceLennikov et al. (2004)[World of Stones 12:49]
    Slovakia
     
    Koděra et al. (2009)+1 other reference
    Spain
     
    Mendoza et al. (2006)Calvo (2018)
    Sweden
     
    Holtstam et al. (1995)Sandström (2002)
    USA
     
    Toland (2004)Anthony et al. (1995)Chesterman (1942)+2 other referenceswww.mineralsocal.org (1999)Forman (1951)Woodford et al. (1941)Woodford et al. (1941)Cooney (1956)+3 other referencesLarsen (1948)+1 other referenceMuseum Quarterly 43:99-104.Abstracts with Program of the ...Forman et al. (1967)+2 other referencesReam (2004)Tucker (n.d.)+2 other referencesTucker (n.d.)+1 other referenceAmerican Mineralogist 50:292-293Gobla (2012)Castor et al. (2004)Castor et al. (2004)Struwe (1958)Manchester (1931)Can. Mineral.+1 other referenceRobinson et al. (2007)Rhein CollectionManchester (1931)Genth et al. (1881)Mineralogical Magazine 1979 43 : ...Marvin J. Droddy and John C. Butler (1979)Collection of Alex Earl (visual identification)R&M 68:6 p381-393Bullock (1981)Bullock (1981)James Wilson (1995)Weinrich MineralsWoodford et al. (2001)R&M 68:6 p381-393
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