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Chloritoid

A valid IMA mineral species
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Originally name chlorispath, it was renamed in 1835 by August Breithaupt to chloritoid. The name is for the visual similarity to chlorite-group minerals.
Type Locality:
ⓘKosoi Brod deposit, Kosoi Brod Village, Polevskoy, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia
Carboirite-Chloritoid Series. The Fe2+ analogue ofottrélite andmagnesiochloritoid.

Monoclinic, triclinic and (described in 2026 for the first time by Zolotarev et al.) trigonal polytypes are known.


Unique Identifiers
First published:
1832
Type description reference:
Fiedler, Karl Gustav (1832) Lagerstätten des Diaspor, Chloritspath, Pyrophyllit und Monazit, aufgefunden im Ural.Annalen der Physik und Chemie, 101. 322-333doi:10.1002/andp.18321010613

Classification of Chloritoid

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
A : Nesosilicates
F : Nesosilicates with additional anions; cations in [4], [5] and/or only [6] coordination
Dana 8th ed.:
52.3.3.1

52 : NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O
3 : Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] coordination only
Hey's CIM Ref.:
16.19.6

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
19 : Aluminosilicates of Fe and Mg

Mineral SymbolsJolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of Chloritoid
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Dark green to green-gray or nearly black
Streak:
White, grayish, or very slightly greenish
Hardness:
6½ onMohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
{001} perfect, {110} good.
Parting:
On {010}
Density:
3.4 - 3.8 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.56 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of Chloritoid
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
X = olive-green to yellow; Y = grayish blue to blue; Z = colorless to pale greenish yellow.
Orientation:
X or Y = b (monoclinic)
Z^c = 2-30 deg, Y ~= b (triclinic)

Chemistry of Chloritoid

Crystallography of Chloritoid
General Appearance of Type Material:
Greenish-black crystals similar in appearance to chlorite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
n.d.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
DiasporeMica Group
Reference:
Fiedler, Karl Gustav (1832) Lagerstätten des Diaspor, Chloritspath, Pyrophyllit und Monazit, aufgefunden im Ural.Annalen der Physik und Chemie, 101. 322-333doi:10.1002/andp.18321010613

Synonyms of Chloritoid

Other Language Names for Chloritoid

Varieties of Chloritoid

Relationship of Chloritoid to other Species
Other Members of Chloritoid Group:
CarboiriteFe2+Al2O(GeO4)(OH)2Tric.1
MagnesiochloritoidMgAl2O(SiO4)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b
OttréliteMn2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2Mon.
Forms a series with:
CarboiriteCarboirite-Chloritoid Series

Common AssociatesOrth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)9.AF.Jingwenite-(Y)YAlV4+(SiO4)O2(OH)2Mon. 2/m9.AF.BarwooditeMn2+6Nb5+(SiO4)2O3(OH)3Trig. 3 :P39.AF.05SillimaniteAl2(SiO4)OOrth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)9.AF.05XenoliteAl10Si8O319.AF.10KanonaiteMn3+Al(SiO4)OOrth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnnm9.AF.10AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)OOrth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnnm9.AF.15KyaniteAl2(SiO4)OTric.1 :P19.AF.20KrieseliteAl2(GeO4)F2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma9.AF.20MulliteAl4+2xSi2-2xO10-xOrth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pbam9.AF.23BoromulliteAl9BSi2O19Orth.mm2 :Cmc219.AF.25YoderiteMg(Al,Fe3+)3(SiO4)2O(OH)Mon. 2/m :P21/m9.AF.30ZincostauroliteZn2Al9Si4O23(OH)Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.AF.30StauroliteFe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.AF.30MagnesiostauroliteMg(Mg,Li)3(Al,Mg)18Si8O44(OH)4Mon. 2/m :B2/m9.AF.35TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)9.AF.40NorbergiteMg3(SiO4)F2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)9.AF.45ChondroditeMg5(SiO4)2F2Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AF.45KumtyubeiteCa5(SiO4)2F2Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AF.45ReinhardbraunsiteCa5(SiO4)2(OH,F)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AF.45HydroxylchondroditeMg5(SiO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AF.45AlleghanyiteMn2+5(SiO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AF.50Unnamed (Ca-analogue of Humite)Ca7(SiO4)4F2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)9.AF.50HumiteMg7(SiO4)3F2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pnma9.AF.50Manganhumite(Mn2+,Mg)7(SiO4)3(OH)2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)9.AF.50Unnamed (OH-analogue of humite)Mg7(SiO4)3(OH)2Orth.9.AF.50FluorchegemiteCa7(SiO4)3F2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)9.AF.55HydroxylclinohumiteMg9(SiO4)4(OH)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AF.55ClinohumiteMg9(SiO4)4F2Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AF.55SonoliteMn2+9(SiO4)4(OH)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AF.60LeucophoeniciteMn2+7(SiO4)3(OH)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b9.AF.65RibbeiteMn2+5(SiO4)2(OH)2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m)9.AF.70JerrygibbsiteMn2+9(SiO4)4(OH)2Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pbcn9.AF.75FranciscaniteMn2+6(V5+,◻)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6Trig. 3 :P39.AF.75ScorticoiteMn6(Sb,◻)Σ2(SiO4)2O3(OH)3Trig. 3 :P39.AF.75WeliniteMn2+6(W6+,Mg)2(SiO4)2(O,OH)6Trig. 3 :P39.AF.75ÖrebroiteMn2+3(Sb5+,Fe3+)(SiO4)(O,OH)3Trig. 3 :P39.AF.80EllenbergeriteMg6(Mg,Ti,Zr,◻)2(Al,Mg)6Si8O28(OH)10Hex. 6 :P639.AF.85MagnesiochloritoidMgAl2O(SiO4)(OH)2Mon. 2/m :B2/b9.AF.85OttréliteMn2+Al2O(SiO4)(OH)2Mon.9.AF.90OlmiiteCaMn2+[SiO3(OH)](OH)Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pbca9.AF.90PoldervaartiteCaCa[SiO3(OH)](OH)Orth.mmm(2/m2/m2/m) :Pbca9.AF.95Pilawite-(Y)Ca2Y2Al4(SiO4)4O2(OH)2Mon. 2/m :P21/b

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    • References for ChloritoidⓘKunarRRUFF Sample ID: R060292Herb Obodda
    Antarctica
     
    Argentina
     
    Hugo A. Peña (1970)
    Australia
     
    Birch BH BookKing (n.d.)Teals et al. (2006)Slack et al. (1993)Waterhouse (1971)Sorrell (n.d.)Bottrill & BakerSimpson (1948)Baensch (2000)Prider (1947)Simpson (1948)Simpson (1948)Gustafson (1946)Mueller et al. (2008)Neil Phillips et al. (1998)Hallberg et al. (1985)Simpson (1948)Cavosie et al. (2004)Frater (1983)Sharpe (1996)
    Austria
     
    Niedermayr et al. (1995)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Puttner (1994)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Peter Bachmann collection (U. Kolitsch SXRD-analysis)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Walter et al. (2001)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Elmer (2020)Strasser (1989)Niedermayr et al. (1995)Meixner (1973)Strasser (1989)Bernhard (1998)Aufschluss 1972 (SB)Flügel (1960)Färber (n.d.)Raith et al. (2000)+1 other referenceFaryad et al. (2001)Postl (1984)+1 other reference
    Belgium
     
    Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)A. Darimont et al.Beugnies (1976)+1 other referenceHatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)de Koninck (1883)+2 other referencesHanson (1985)+1 other referenceHatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Hatert et al. (2002)Michot (1955)+2 other referencesBlondieau (2005)
    Brazil
     
    Jost et al. (2001)+1 other reference
    Burundi
     
    The Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA)+1 other reference
    Canada
     
    personal correspondence with Giles ...Montgomery (n.d.)Peatfield (n.d.)Sabina (2003)Groat et al. (2003)Haysom+1 other referenceSabina (1964)Gustafson (1946)Sabina (1991)G.P. Beakhouse et al. (1996)Kishida et al. (1987)Sabina (2003)Sabina (2003)Sinkankas coll. labelHarvard Museum of Natural HistoryHorváth collection - XRD & EDSSabina (1992)McMillan (1973)+1 other referenceSabina (2003)+1 other referenceAllard+2 other referencesVollo (1959)
    China
     
    Dubin Huang and Xinbang Guan (2012)Gao et al. (2024)Zhongming Li et al. (2012)Chen et al. (2022)Jinhai Yu et al. (2001)Wu Hanquan et al. (2003)Zhang Dequan et al. (2009)Guoxing Wu (1990)+1 other referenceJinhai Yu et al. (2001)Peipei Dong et al. (2011)Fu et al. (2025)Fu et al. (2023)He et al. (2022)Wang et al. (2025)
    Cuba
     
    Stanek et al. (2006)
    Czech Republic
     
    Škoda R.Velebil et al. (2013)Ondruš et al. (2003)Beran (Ag, Au, Co)+3 other referencesZimákJirásek et al. (2020)Schreyer et al. (1993)Staněk (1997)
    Ecuador
     
    Eur. Journ. Mineral.Aspden et al. (1995)Manrique et al. (2018)
    Europe
     
    Fransolet et al. (1997)+1 other reference
    Finland
     
    AurolaGeological Survey of Finland 2008. ...Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ...Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ...Eilu (2007)Eilu (2007)Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ...Geological Survey of Finland 2008. ...Sandström (2012)
    France
     
    Alpe d'Huez sector+1 other referenceBereyziat (2021)G. Kurat et al. (1981)Pierrot et al. (1973)Lukas (1978)Audren et al. (1993)Audren et al. (1993)Chauris (2014)Chauris (2014)Chauris (2014)Chauris L. (1982)Chauris (2014)Inventaire Minéralogique de la France numero 9 Morbihan ( éditions BRGM )Inventaire Minéralogique de la France numero 9 Morbihan ( éditions BRGM )Audren et al. (1993)Chauris L. (1982)Audren et al. (1993)Chauris L. (1988)Chauris L. (1988)Chauris (2014)Chauris L. (1987)Chauris L. (1988)Chauris L. (1982)R. PierrotR. PierrotR. PierrotBriggs (1975)Briggs (1978)Briggs (1975)+2 other referencesC. DerréD. Poulain and J. KornprobstGuitard (2010)Berbain et al. (2005)Baret (1905)Baret (1905)Goujou (2004)Périnet F. (2018)
    Germany
     
    Kratzsch (2006)Theye et al. (1993)
    Ghana
     
    The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 35 (1997)
    Greece
     
    Theye et al. (1992)Theye et al. (1992)Theye et al. (1992)Theye et al. (1992)Theye et al. (1992)Theye et al. (1992)Theye et al. (1992)Iliopoulos et al. (2004)+1 other referencewww.gfz-potsdam.de (2004)Theye+4 other referencesOckenga et al. (1998)+1 other referenceTheye et al. (1992)Katagas (1980)+1 other referenceTheye et al. (1992)Theye et al. (1992)33-35+2 other referencesBreecker (2001)Christopher O'Neill
    Greenland
     
    Stendal et al. (1999)Katerinopoulou et al. (2012)
    Hungary
     
    Szakáll & Gatter: Hun. Min. Spec.Sándor et al. (2005)Szakáll & Jánosi. Minerals of Hungary
    Indonesia
     
    Verdiansyah et al. (2022)
    Iran
     
    SAKI et al. (2012)
    Italy
     
    Novo M. et al. (1989)Novo M. et al. (1989)Dal Piaz et al. (2008)+1 other referenceGoffé et al. (1997)Valente et al. (2000)Barresi et al. (2005)Scaini G. (1978)Martin et al. (1989)Bonardi et al. (1984)Bonardi et al. (1984)Pezzino et al. (1980)+2 other referencesAntofilli et al. (1983)Goffé (2002)Piccoli et al. (2007)Goffé (2002)Rossetti P. (2008)Goffé (2002)Goffé (2002)Piccoli et al. (2007)Piccoli (2002)+1 other referenceSantoro et al. (2025)Leardi et al. (1985)Sandrone et al. (1988)Ghignone et al. (2023)Ravagnani (1974)Polino et al. (2002)Eur. J. Mineral.Eur. J. Mineral (1989)Monte Soglio-Rocca Canavese+3 other referencesPiccoli et al. (2007)Eur. J. Mineral.Eur. J. Mineral (1989)Manzotti et al. (2022)Polino et al. (2002)Gruppo Mineralogico Lombardo (10)mineralipiemonte.itPiccoli et al. (2007)Piccoli et al. (2007)Günter Grundmann collectionRettighieri et al. (1983)+1 other referenceCostantini A. et al. (1995)+1 other referenceFRANCESCHELLI et al. (1986)+1 other referenceD'Achiardi (1872-73)Di Giovanni (1981)Orlandi et al. (2000)+2 other references
    Jamaica
     
    Draper (1986)
    Japan
     
    Aiba (1982)Kato (2012)Sadanaga et al. (1974)Sadanaga et al. (1974)- (n.d.)Matsubara (2003)Seki et al. (1957)
    Morocco
     
    D. Blamart et al.
    New Zealand
     
    Railton et al. (1990)Railton et al. (1990)Railton et al. (1990)Railton et al. (1990)Railton et al. (1990)
    Norway
     
    Gustavson (1976)Bergen Museum+1 other referenceKośmińska et al. (2015)Manby (1983)Agard et al. (2005)Gustavson (1976)
    Pacific Ocean
     
    Wheat et al. (2008)
    Pakistan
     
    Rolfo et al. (1997)imported from Rondu District+1 other reference
    Poland
     
    Błocisz et al. (2015)Lis et al. (1986)Lis et al. (1986)Ł. Kruszewski PXRD & pXRF data (paper in preparation)Lis et al. (1986)Lis et al. (1986)Dera et al. (2023)Ilnicki et al. (2019)
    Portugal
     
    Oliveira et al. (2025)Pedro Alves collection and/or ...Pedro Alves collection. Characterized ...
    Romania
     
    Hirtopanu et al. (2000)
    Russia
     
    Kovalev et al. (2006)Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)Sazonov et al. (2020)+1 other referenceSavva et al. (2023)Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.)Pekov (1998)
    Rwanda
     
    Wouters et al. (2020)
    Slovakia
     
    Koděra (1986)Grecula (1995)Lemanski (n.d.)Koděra (1986)Lemanski (n.d.)Koděra (1986)Koděra et al. (2025)
    South Africa
     
    Jeffery (2015)Montinaro et al. (2015)Harawa (2016)Cairncross et al. (1995)Cairncross et al. (1995)
    Spain
     
    B. Goffé et al.Maria del Mar Abad-Ortega and Fernando ...Torres-Ruiz (1983)M. Ruiz Montes+1 other referenceEur. J. Mineral.Azañón et al. (1997)Goffé+3 other referencesPuga et al. (2025)Jiménez Martínez et al. (I)Calvo (2018)Angel Ortiz Maellas specimenJ. López Ruiz et al. (1980)García (2003)Lodders et al. (1998)
    Sweden
     
    Sandström (2007)Gatedal (n.d.)Schlatter (2007)Murris
    Switzerland
     
    Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Erik Vercammen collectionStalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Stalder et al. (1998)Feenstra et al. (2003)
    Tanzania
     
    Lawley et al. (2014)
    Turkey
     
    Celebi et al. (2010)Okay (2002)e-collection.library.ethz.ch (n.d.)Çetinkaplan et al. (2008)Smith J L (1851)Arik (2012)Hatipoglu et al. (2009)Hati̇poğlu et al. (2021)Hikmet Kinaci et al. (2023)Erik Vercammen collectionSchuiling (1962)
    Uganda
     
    von Knorring et al. (1979)
    UK
     
    Eastwood et al. (1968)+1 other referenceParnell et al. (2023)Baltatzis et al. (1977)Dr Stephen Moreton collection.Heddle (1879)
    USA
     
    Dean (1995)Dean (1995)Slack et al. (2014)Econ Geol (1986)Slack et al. (2014)Slack et al. (2014)Slack et al. (2014)Erik Vercammen collectionThorpe (1980)+1 other referenceKing (n.d.)Whitney et al. (1993)Murdoch (1966)+2 other referencesPC from Robert Housley: Identification ...Eckel et al. (1997)USGS OFR 87-410Ream (1995) ...www.unh.edu (n.d.)"Western Massachusetts Mineral ...Cheney et al. ()Cheney et al. ()+1 other referenceGleba (2008)Flint (1908)"Western Massachusetts Mineral ...Lincks (1978)Alan R. PlanteLincks (1978)Lincks (1978)Alan R. PlanteAlan R. PlanteAlan R. PlanteQuinn (1945)+1 other referenceHeinrich et al. (2004)Heinrich et al. (2004)Heinrich et al. (2004)Heinrich et al. (2004)Heinrich et al. (2004)Rocks & Minerals: 61:328.+1 other referenceHeinrich et al. (2004)Heinrich et al. (2004)Heinrich et al. (2004)Heinrich et al. (2004)Heinrich et al. (2004)Heinrich et al. (2004)Heinrich et al. (2004)Heinrich et al. (2004)Heinrich et al. (2004)Dana 6: 1086.Heinrich et al. (2004)Heinrich et al. (2004)- (2005)- (2005)Tucker (n.d.)+1 other reference- (2005)Castor et al. (2004)Kohn et al. (1993)Orange (1985)OrangeOrange (1985)Orange (1985)Orange (1985)Steve KuitemsNikischer (1995)+1 other referenceNorthrop et al. (1996)Schreyer et al. (1966)Northrop et al. (1996)Econ Geol. (1995)Jahns et al. (1977)NY State Museum spec. no. 18079Zen (1961)www.mcrocks.comDana 6:1075.- (2005)Wilson et al. (1978)Stuckey (1967)Milton (1986)- (2005)- (2005)- (2005)Stuckey et al. (1967)Stuckey (1926)- (2005)- (2005)NCGS Bulletion No. 80+1 other referenceSyker et al. (1978)Stuckey et al. (1967)Zen (1961)Schmidt et al. (1985)- (2005)Rocks & Min.: 23:800-801.North Carolina State Geological Map 1985 ( Zone CZq)Coskren et al. (2000)King (n.d.)Oregonstate.eduR. T. Faill and R. C. Smith IIHietanen (1951)USGS National Geochemical Database+1 other referenceMiller (1971)+1 other referenceHorton et al. (1981)Hietanen (1951)- (2005)- (2005)Roberts et al. (1965)Roberts et al. (1965)Kish et al. (1974)Paris (2011)Rocks & Min. Vol. 71 (1996)Rocks & Min. Vol. 71 (1996)Rocks & Min. Vol. 71 (1996)GrantHarvard Mineralogical MuseumDietrich (1990)Owens et al. (2013)Dietrich (1990)Dietrich (1990)Dietrich (1990)- (2005)Dietrich (1990)Dietrich (1990)Dietrich (1990)Cannon (1975)Cordua (1998)Cordua (1998)OlsonCordua (1998)
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