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Brukunga Quarry, District Council of Mount Barker, South Australia, Australiai
Regional Level Types
Brukunga QuarryQuarry (Inactive)
District Council of Mount BarkerLocal Government Area
South AustraliaState
AustraliaCountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
35° 0' 10'' South , 138° 56' 6'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
-35.00278,138.93500
GRN:
S24E81
Type:
Quarry (Inactive) - last checked 2025
Deposit first discovered:
1850 (approx.)
Köppen climate type:
Csb : Warm-summer Mediterranean climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Nairne3,648(2012)4.1km
Blakiston696(2014)6.5km
Woodside1,969(2012)7.4km
Little Hampton2,062(2018)7.8km
Oakbank1,207(2012)8.4km
Nearest Clubs:
Local clubs are the best way to get access to collecting localities
ClubLocationDistance
Murraylands Gem and Mineral ClubPalmer, South Australia26km
Mildura District Gem & Mineral Club IncMildura, South Australia28km
Tea Tree Gully Gem and Mineral ClubTea Tree Gully, South Australia30km
Adelaide Gem and Mineral ClubSt Peters, South Australia30km
Adelaide Facetors Guild, Adelaide Facetors Groupadelaide, South Australia32km
Mindat Locality ID:
8902
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:8902:2
GUID (UUID V4):
0
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Shepherd Hill Quarry; Shepherds Hill; Nairne Pyrite deposit; Nairne Pyrite Mine; Nairne Pyrites; Gibraltar mine; Brukunga mine


An old pyrite quarry located 3.5 km NNE of Nairne (Brukunga), now used as a training place for the fire brigade.

The quarry was mined for its iron sulphide production in the 1960's, with the sulphur converted to sulphuric acid for use in the production of superphosphate fertiliser.

The name Brukunga is believe to be a corruption of the Peramangk aboriginal word Barruka-ngga (= Place of Hidden Fire). The quarry was an extremely important site for the Peramangk people who were mining pyrite at the quarry site long before white settlement of the Adelaide hills began in the 1830's. The pyrite was used for fire-making kits consisting of kangaroo thigh bones filled with pieces of pyrite, flint and tinder. These were traded with other aboriginal tribes as far away as Lake Victoria in New South Wales.

The deposit consists of Cambrian sedimentary pyrite-rich beds at the base of the Kanmantoo Group (comprising quartzites, greywackes and siltstones).
The mineralization has a sedimentary origin and was affected by a remobilization during amphibolite facies metamorphism.
Tension Gash Veins, perpendicular to fold axis and mineral lineation, are mineralized with manganochromite, hexagonal and monoclinic pyrrhotite, nickel, graphite, two apatite minerals, REE phosphates (Ca-Th-Ce phosphate and lanthanide phosphate) and a PdSb2 mineral.
The mineralization also contains hyalophane and barium micas.

"PIRSA is currently responsible for managing the former Brukunga pyrite mine site and investigating different remedial options aimed at achieving an environmentally sustainable solution to acid metalliferous drainage generated from the waste rocks and tailings." (MESA Journal 61 (2011) p. 25).

The deposit was worked sporadically from the 1850's to 1971.

Select Mineral List Type

StandardDetailedGalleryStrunzChemical Elements

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘAlabandite
Formula:MnS
ⓘAnatase
Formula:TiO2
ⓘAndalusite
Formula:Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘ'Apatite'
Formula:Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘArsenopyrite
Formula:FeAsS
ⓘBoulangerite
Formula:Pb5Sb4S11
ⓘBournonite
Formula:PbCuSbS3
ⓘBreithauptite
Formula:NiSb
ⓘCalcite
Formula:CaCO3
ⓘChalcopyrite
Formula:CuFeS2
ⓘChlorapatite
Formula:Ca5(PO4)3Cl
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'
ⓘClinochlore
Formula:Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘClinochlore var. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore
Formula:Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
ⓘCordierite
Formula:Mg2Al4Si5O18
ⓘCubanite
Formula:CuFe2S3
ⓘDiopside
Formula:CaMgSi2O6
ⓘ'Freibergite Subgroup'
Formula:(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S0-1
ⓘGahnite
Formula:ZnAl2O4
ⓘGalena
Formula:PbS
ⓘ'Garnet Group'
Formula:X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘGraphite
Formula:C
ⓘGudmundite
Formula:FeSbS
ⓘHalite
Formula:NaCl
Description: Inclusions in pyrrhotite (Orebody N° 3).
ⓘHematite
Formula:Fe2O3
ⓘ'Hornblende Root Name Group'
Formula:◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Description: Contains V and Cr.
ⓘHydroxylapatite
Formula:Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
ⓘJamesonite
Formula:Pb4FeSb6S14
ⓘJarosite
Formula:KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘKyanite
Formula:Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘLuzonite
Formula:Cu3AsS4
ⓘManganochromite (TL)
Formula:Mn2+Cr2O4
Type Locality:
ⓘMarcasite
Formula:FeS2
ⓘMicrocline var. Hyalophane
Formula:(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Description: Matrix mineral and inclusions in pyrite.
ⓘMuscovite
Formula:KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘNative Nickel
Formula:Ni
ⓘNickeline
Formula:NiAs
ⓘPentlandite
Formula:(NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘPhlogopite
Formula:KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘPrehnite
Formula:Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘPyrargyrite
Formula:Ag3SbS3
ⓘPyrite
Formula:FeS2
ⓘPyrophanite
Formula:Mn2+TiO3
ⓘPyrrhotite
Formula:Fe1-xS
Description: Hexagonal and monoclinic (oxidation rims around hexagonal pyrrhotite) pyrrhotite.
ⓘQuartz
Formula:SiO2
ⓘRutile
Formula:TiO2
Description: Contains V, Cr and Mn.
ⓘ'Scapolite'
ⓘSiderite
Formula:FeCO3
ⓘSiderite var. Manganese-bearing Siderite
Formula:(Fe,Mn)CO3
ⓘSillimanite
Formula:Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘSpessartine
Formula:Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘSphalerite
Formula:ZnS
Description: Contains up to 7.5% Mn
ⓘStannite
Formula:Cu2FeSnS4
ⓘ'Stilbite Subgroup'
Formula:M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
ⓘ'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula:Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
ⓘTitanite
Formula:CaTi(SiO4)O
ⓘTremolite
Formula:◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘUllmannite
Formula:NiSbS
ⓘ'UM1978-21-Sb:Pd'
Formula:PdSb2

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘNative Nickel1.AA.05Ni
ⓘGraphite1.CB.05aC
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘPentlandite2.BB.15(NixFey)Σ9S8
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘStannite2.CB.15aCu2FeSnS4
ⓘCubanite2.CB.55aCuFe2S3
ⓘBreithauptite2.CC.05NiSb
ⓘNickeline2.CC.05NiAs
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘAlabandite2.CD.10MnS
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘMarcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
ⓘArsenopyrite2.EB.20FeAsS
ⓘGudmundite2.EB.20FeSbS
ⓘUllmannite2.EB.25NiSbS
ⓘPyrargyrite2.GA.05Ag3SbS3
ⓘBournonite2.GA.50PbCuSbS3
ⓘ'Freibergite Subgroup'2.GB.05(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S0-1
ⓘ'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
ⓘJamesonite2.HB.15Pb4FeSb6S14
ⓘBoulangerite2.HC.15Pb5Sb4S11
ⓘLuzonite2.KA.10Cu3AsS4
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘHalite3.AA.20NaCl
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘGahnite4.BB.05ZnAl2O4
ⓘManganochromite (TL)4.BB.05Mn2+Cr2O4
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘPyrophanite4.CB.05Mn2+TiO3
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘRutile4.DB.05TiO2
ⓘAnatase4.DD.05TiO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘSiderite5.AB.05FeCO3
ⓘvar. Manganese-bearing Siderite5.AB.05(Fe,Mn)CO3
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘJarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘChlorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3Cl
ⓘHydroxylapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3(OH)
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘSpessartine9.AD.25Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘSillimanite9.AF.05Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘAndalusite9.AF.10Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘKyanite9.AF.15Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘTitanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
ⓘCordierite9.CJ.10Mg2Al4Si5O18
ⓘDiopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘTremolite9.DE.10◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
ⓘPrehnite9.DP.20Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
ⓘMuscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘPhlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘClinochlore9.EC.55Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
ⓘvar. Chromium-bearing Clinochlore9.EC.55Mg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
ⓘMicrocline
var. Hyalophane		9.FA.30(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Unclassified
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'-
ⓘ'Stilbite Subgroup'-M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
ⓘ'Scapolite'-
ⓘ'Hornblende Root Name Group'-◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ'UM1978-21-Sb:Pd'-PdSb2

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
HⓘClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
HⓘHydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
HⓘJarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
HⓘClinochlore var.Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
HⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
HⓘPhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
HⓘPrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
HⓘStilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
HⓘTremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
HⓘHornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
HⓘApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
CCarbon
CⓘCalciteCaCO3
CⓘGraphiteC
CⓘSideriteFeCO3
CⓘSiderite var.Manganese-bearing Siderite(Fe,Mn)CO3
OOxygen
OⓘAnataseTiO2
OⓘAndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
OⓘCalciteCaCO3
OⓘChlorapatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl
OⓘClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
OⓘCordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
OⓘDiopsideCaMgSi2O6
OⓘGahniteZnAl2O4
OⓘHematiteFe2O3
OⓘMicrocline var.Hyalophane(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
OⓘHydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
OⓘJarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
OⓘClinochlore var.Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
OⓘKyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
OⓘManganochromiteMn2+Cr2O4
OⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
OⓘPhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
OⓘPrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
OⓘPyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
OⓘQuartzSiO2
OⓘRutileTiO2
OⓘSideriteFeCO3
OⓘSillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
OⓘSpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
OⓘStilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
OⓘTitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
OⓘTremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
OⓘHornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
OⓘGarnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
OⓘSiderite var.Manganese-bearing Siderite(Fe,Mn)CO3
OⓘApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
FFluorine
FⓘHornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
FⓘApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
NaⓘHaliteNaCl
MgMagnesium
MgⓘClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
MgⓘCordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
MgⓘDiopsideCaMgSi2O6
MgⓘClinochlore var.Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
MgⓘPhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
MgⓘTremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
AlAluminium
AlⓘAndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
AlⓘClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
AlⓘCordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
AlⓘGahniteZnAl2O4
AlⓘMicrocline var.Hyalophane(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
AlⓘClinochlore var.Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
AlⓘKyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
AlⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
AlⓘPhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
AlⓘPrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
AlⓘSillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
AlⓘSpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
AlⓘStilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
AlⓘHornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
SiSilicon
SiⓘAndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
SiⓘClinochloreMg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8
SiⓘCordieriteMg2Al4Si5O18
SiⓘDiopsideCaMgSi2O6
SiⓘMicrocline var.Hyalophane(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
SiⓘClinochlore var.Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
SiⓘKyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
SiⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
SiⓘPhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
SiⓘPrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
SiⓘQuartzSiO2
SiⓘSillimaniteAl2(SiO4)O
SiⓘSpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
SiⓘStilbite SubgroupM6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O
SiⓘTitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
SiⓘTremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
SiⓘHornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
SiⓘGarnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
PPhosphorus
PⓘChlorapatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl
PⓘHydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
PⓘApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
SⓘAlabanditeMnS
SⓘArsenopyriteFeAsS
SⓘBoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
SⓘBournonitePbCuSbS3
SⓘChalcopyriteCuFeS2
SⓘCubaniteCuFe2S3
SⓘFreibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
SⓘGalenaPbS
SⓘGudmunditeFeSbS
SⓘJamesonitePb4FeSb6S14
SⓘJarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
SⓘLuzoniteCu3AsS4
SⓘMarcasiteFeS2
SⓘPentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
SⓘPyrargyriteAg3SbS3
SⓘPyriteFeS2
SⓘPyrrhotiteFe1-xS
SⓘSphaleriteZnS
SⓘStanniteCu2FeSnS4
SⓘTetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
SⓘUllmanniteNiSbS
ClChlorine
ClⓘChlorapatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl
ClⓘHaliteNaCl
ClⓘHornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ClⓘApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
KⓘMicrocline var.Hyalophane(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
KⓘJarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
KⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
KⓘPhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
CaⓘCalciteCaCO3
CaⓘChlorapatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl
CaⓘDiopsideCaMgSi2O6
CaⓘHydroxylapatiteCa5(PO4)3(OH)
CaⓘPrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
CaⓘTitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
CaⓘTremolite◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2
CaⓘHornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
CaⓘApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
TiTitanium
TiⓘAnataseTiO2
TiⓘPyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
TiⓘRutileTiO2
TiⓘTitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
CrChromium
CrⓘClinochlore var.Chromium-bearing ClinochloreMg5(Al,Cr)2Si3O10(OH)8
CrⓘManganochromiteMn2+Cr2O4
MnManganese
MnⓘAlabanditeMnS
MnⓘManganochromiteMn2+Cr2O4
MnⓘPyrophaniteMn2+TiO3
MnⓘSpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
MnⓘSiderite var.Manganese-bearing Siderite(Fe,Mn)CO3
FeIron
FeⓘArsenopyriteFeAsS
FeⓘChalcopyriteCuFeS2
FeⓘCubaniteCuFe2S3
FeⓘGudmunditeFeSbS
FeⓘHematiteFe2O3
FeⓘJamesonitePb4FeSb6S14
FeⓘJarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
FeⓘMarcasiteFeS2
FeⓘPentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
FeⓘPyriteFeS2
FeⓘPyrrhotiteFe1-xS
FeⓘSideriteFeCO3
FeⓘStanniteCu2FeSnS4
FeⓘSiderite var.Manganese-bearing Siderite(Fe,Mn)CO3
NiNickel
NiⓘBreithauptiteNiSb
NiⓘNative NickelNi
NiⓘNickelineNiAs
NiⓘPentlandite(NixFey)Σ9S8
NiⓘUllmanniteNiSbS
CuCopper
CuⓘBournonitePbCuSbS3
CuⓘChalcopyriteCuFeS2
CuⓘCubaniteCuFe2S3
CuⓘFreibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
CuⓘLuzoniteCu3AsS4
CuⓘStanniteCu2FeSnS4
CuⓘTetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
ZnZinc
ZnⓘGahniteZnAl2O4
ZnⓘSphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
AsⓘArsenopyriteFeAsS
AsⓘLuzoniteCu3AsS4
AsⓘNickelineNiAs
PdPalladium
PdⓘUM1978-21-Sb:PdPdSb2
AgSilver
AgⓘFreibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
AgⓘPyrargyriteAg3SbS3
SnTin
SnⓘStanniteCu2FeSnS4
SbAntimony
SbⓘBoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
SbⓘBournonitePbCuSbS3
SbⓘBreithauptiteNiSb
SbⓘFreibergite Subgroup(Ag6,[Ag6]4+)(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S0-1
SbⓘGudmunditeFeSbS
SbⓘJamesonitePb4FeSb6S14
SbⓘPyrargyriteAg3SbS3
SbⓘTetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
SbⓘUllmanniteNiSbS
SbⓘUM1978-21-Sb:PdPdSb2
BaBarium
BaⓘMicrocline var.Hyalophane(K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
PbLead
PbⓘBoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
PbⓘBournonitePbCuSbS3
PbⓘGalenaPbS
PbⓘJamesonitePb4FeSb6S14

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Australia
Australian PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, pleaseregister so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt tovisit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holdersfor access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Tindale, NB, 1934-40, Journals of Researches in South East South Australia, Adelaide University, Private note books stored at South Australian Museum (Maraura Vocabulary List).
Skinner, Brian J. (1958) The geology and metamorphism of the Nairne pyritic formation, a sedimentary sulfide deposit in South Australia.Economic Geology, 53 (5) 546-562doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.53.5.546
LaGanza, R.F. (1959) The Nairne sulphide deposit.M.Sc, University of Adelaide.
LaGanza, Richard F. (1959) Pyrite investigations at Nairne, South Australia.Economic Geology, 54 (5) 895-902doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.54.5.895
LaGanza, R. F. (1959) Origin of the Nairne pyrite deposit; discussion.Economic Geology, 54 (2) 333-335doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.54.2.333
Bartels, O. G. (1959) The Nairne pyritic formation, Australia.Economic Geology, 54 (3) 509-510doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.54.3.509
George, R. J. (1967). Metamorphism of the Nairne Pyrite Deposit. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Adelaide.
George, R. J. (1969a) Sulphide-silicate reactions during metamorphism of the Nairne Pyrite Deposit Proc. Australasian Inst. Min. Metall. 230, l-9.
George, R. J. (1969b) Sulphide vein formation during metamorphism of the Nairne Pyrite Deposit. Proc. Australasian Inst Min. Metall., 230, 9-t9.
Nenke, J. A. (1972). Geochemistry and Mineragraphy of the Nairne Pyrite Deposit, Brukunga, South Australia. Honors thesis, University of Adelaide.
Graham, J. (1978) Manganochromite, palladium antimonide, and some unusual mineral associations at the Nairne pyrite deposit, South Australia.American Mineralogist, 63 (11-12) 1166-1174
en.wikipedia.org (n.d.)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brukunga,_South_Australia
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