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Yogo Gulch, Yogo District, Little Belt Mountains, Judith Basin County, Montana, USAi
Regional Level Types
Yogo GulchGulch
Yogo DistrictMining District
Little Belt MountainsMountain Range
Judith Basin CountyCounty
MontanaState
USACountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
46° 52' 35'' North , 110° 18' 27'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Stanford381(2017)31.5km
Hobson216(2017)35.6km
Denton248(2017)56.3km
Harlowton979(2017)60.9km
Mindat Locality ID:
3872
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:3872:3
GUID (UUID V4):
0


A corundum-gemstone-Au occurrence located on the eastern flank of the Little Belt Mountains, about 95 km SE of Great Falls.

Mineralization is an ultramafic lamprophyre (ouachitite ?) dike that has been mined for xenolithic sapphires of gem quality ("Yogo sapphires"). The sapphires are usually small but free of zoning and inclusions. This lamprophyre is very close to a carbonatite in composition. It shows phlogopite and clinopyroxene megacrysts in a matrix of phlogopite, clinopyroxene, calcite, analcime, magnetite, and apatite. The rock contains ocelli composed of calcite, dolomite, ankerite, baryte, analcime, pyrite and amphibole.

It also contains xenoliths :
- Pyrope-cpx-plagioclase granulites (12-20 kb / 850°C)
- Sapphire-pyroxene-plagioclase assemblage
- Pyroxene-phlogopite-sapphire assemblage

At the end of the 19th century, gold prospector Jake Hoover discovered the deposit by chance while seeking refuge from a storm under a rocky overhang. While he waited for the storm to pass, he scraped together a small amount of gravel that had fallen from the rocks and later washed it in the nearby Yogo Creek. He noticed it contained gold and staked a claim. In the half-year that he searched for gold at the locality, Hoover only found a small amount of it, worth about 700 dollars (period value). The nice-looking blue pebbles, which apparently had fallen from the sides of the ravine, were only of meager comfort to him. He put them in a small vial together with a bit of gold and sent the vial to a former girlfriend who had since become a teacher in Maine. To his amazement, he later received a letter thanking him for the "sapphires." "What in heaven's name are sapphires?", he replied. He would soon find out. After a stone-cutter had assured him that the stones were "Oriental" sapphires, Hoover filled a cigar box with them and sent it to Tiffany's in New York. He was promptly rewarded with a cheque for $3,750 (period value) and a request for more stones.

During practically the whole of the next century, the extraction of sapphires at Yogo Gulch had to endure setbacks, such as the economic crisis of the 1930s and the high cost of extraction, so that the property changed hands countless times. Since 1980 however profit is being made with stones marketed as "Royal American Sapphires" (their previous marketing name had been "Montana's"). With their deep blue colour, the Yogo Gulch sapphires are in no way inferior to any others, although they are generally small and cut stones rarely weigh more than 1 carat.

Select Mineral List Type

StandardDetailedGalleryStrunzChemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


17 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical ListTree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

Aegirine
Formula:NaFe3+Si2O6
'Amphibole Supergroup'
Formula:AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
Analcime
Formula:Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Ankerite
Formula:Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
'Apatite'
Formula:Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Augite
Formula:(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Baryte
Formula:BaSO4
Calcite
Formula:CaCO3
'Chlorite Group'
Corundum
Formula:Al2O3
Corundum var. Sapphire
Formula:Al2O3
Habit: up to 15mm
Colour: Bright blue
Description: Blue (Fe2+/Ti4+ charge transfer) or purple (Cr).Xenolithic.
Diopside
Formula:CaMgSi2O6
Dolomite
Formula:CaMg(CO3)2
Gold
Formula:Au
Hematite
Formula:Fe2O3
Magnetite
Formula:Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Description: With Al-rich rims.Rims pleonaste.
Phlogopite
Formula:KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Description: Mg-rich core.Fe/Ba-rich rims.
'Plagioclase'
Formula:(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Description: In pyrope-cpx-plagioclase granulite xenolith.
Pyrite
Formula:FeS2
Pyrope
Formula:Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
Description: In pyrope-cpx-plagioclase granulite xenolith.
'Serpentine Subgroup'
Formula:D3[Si2O5](OH)4
Spinel
Formula:MgAl2O4
Description: Rims sapphire.Mixture of Al-rich material with the Yogo magma.
Spinel var. Pleonaste
Formula:(Mg,Fe)Al2O4
Description: Rims sapphire.Mixture of Al-rich material with the Yogo magma.
Zircon
Formula:Zr(SiO4)

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
Gold1.AA.05Au
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Spinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
var. Pleonaste4.BB.05(Mg,Fe)Al2O4
Corundum4.CB.05Al2O3
Hematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
Corundum
var. Sapphire
4.CB.05Al2O3
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
Calcite5.AB.05CaCO3
Ankerite5.AB.10Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
Dolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
Baryte7.AD.35BaSO4
Group 9 - Silicates
Pyrope9.AD.25Mg3Al2(SiO4)3
Zircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
Augite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Diopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
Aegirine9.DA.25NaFe3+Si2O6
Phlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Analcime9.GB.05Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Unclassified
'Amphibole Supergroup'-AB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
'Chlorite Group'-
'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
'Serpentine Subgroup'-D3[Si2O5](OH)4
'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
HAmphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
HAnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
HPhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
HSerpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
HApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
CCarbon
CAnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
CCalciteCaCO3
CDolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
OOxygen
OAegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
OAmphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
OAnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
OAnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
OAugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
OBaryteBaSO4
OCalciteCaCO3
OCorundumAl2O3
ODiopsideCaMgSi2O6
ODolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
OHematiteFe2O3
OMagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
OPhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
OPyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
OCorundum var.SapphireAl2O3
OSpinelMgAl2O4
OZirconZr(SiO4)
OSpinel var.Pleonaste(Mg,Fe)Al2O4
OPlagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
OSerpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
OApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
FFluorine
FAmphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
FApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
NaAegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
NaAnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
NaPlagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
MgAnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
MgAugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
MgDiopsideCaMgSi2O6
MgDolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
MgPhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
MgPyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
MgSpinelMgAl2O4
MgSpinel var.Pleonaste(Mg,Fe)Al2O4
AlAluminium
AlAmphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
AlAnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
AlCorundumAl2O3
AlPhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
AlPyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
AlCorundum var.SapphireAl2O3
AlSpinelMgAl2O4
AlSpinel var.Pleonaste(Mg,Fe)Al2O4
AlPlagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
SiAegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
SiAmphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
SiAnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
SiAugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
SiDiopsideCaMgSi2O6
SiPhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
SiPyropeMg3Al2(SiO4)3
SiZirconZr(SiO4)
SiPlagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSerpentine SubgroupD3[Si2O5](OH)4
PPhosphorus
PApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
SBaryteBaSO4
SPyriteFeS2
ClChlorine
ClAmphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
ClApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
KPhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
CaAnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
CaAugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
CaCalciteCaCO3
CaDiopsideCaMgSi2O6
CaDolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
CaPlagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
CaApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
TiTitanium
TiAmphibole SupergroupAB2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
FeIron
FeAegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
FeAnkeriteCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2
FeAugite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
FeHematiteFe2O3
FeMagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
FePyriteFeS2
FeSpinel var.Pleonaste(Mg,Fe)Al2O4
ZrZirconium
ZrZirconZr(SiO4)
BaBarium
BaBaryteBaSO4
AuGold
AuGoldAu

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality


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