Localities: Reported from at least13 localities in this region.

Description: "Albite, previously recorded as oligoclase, forms white to translucent wedge-shaped crystals up to 2.5 cm long in cavities with quartz and orthoclase."

Localities: Reported from at least8 localities in this region.

Description: Reported as pale earthy stalactites up to 8 cm long

Description: "Only one small specimen of analcime has been preserved in the collection of the Museum of Victoria. It consists of a small vug of white to colourless, fracture, transparent trapezohedrons up to 4 mm in diameter."

Description: "Bipyramidal bluish black crystals of anatase up to 1 mm long have been found in cavities in the Lake Boga granite. They may be associated with kidwellite."

Localities: Reported from at least6 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least9 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least17 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least23 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least11 localities in this region.

Description: "Powdery coatings, fibrous tuffs and thin films of malachite and azurite have been found on joints in the granite."

Description: "The babingtonite occurs as an elongated black crystalline aggregate, 2 cm by 3 mm in cross-section, enclosed partly by stilbite and partly by apophyllite. In addition, many small single crystals, up to 5 mm long, are enclosed in stilbite or apophyllite, or project into a small irregular cavity which has been etched from the apophyllite. The babingtonite crystals are glossy black, crushing to a dark greyish green. They tend to be slightly tabular and may show coffin-shaped longitudinal sections. Faces in the plane of flattening may be striated."

Description: "Pharmacosiderite was first recorded from Clunes in 1866 as drusy coatings of brownish red, sub transparent crystals, up to 1/8 inch in size, in the Port Phillip Company's Mine.There are several pharmacosiderite specimens preserved in the collection on the Museum of Victoria.The barium-pharmacosiderite forms transparent to translucent reddish brown to orange brown cubes up to 1.5 mm across, on quartz coated with pyrolusite. The larger crystals often show slightly curved faces and appear zoned. The crystals are often modified displaying the cube and tetrahedron combination with octahedral fractures present. Generally crystal groups of simple contact twins are present."

Colour: Pale orange-brown

Description: "Several colourless prismatic crystals of beryl up to 1.5 cm long have been found in one clay-filled cavity in the Lake Boga granite."

Localities: Reported from at least12 localities in this region.

Description: "In April 1995 a boulder was broken open of pegmatite in the quarry, exposing copper mineralisation consisting of massive supergene chalcocite partially altered to a suite of secondary copper and silver minerals, including one containing Ca,Cu,Bi,P and Cl. (Bleasdaleite).The chalcocite in the bleasdaleite-bearing boulder forms massive patches up to about 5 cm across, occupying space between large orthoclase crystals. The rock around these patches is stained green, possibly due to malachite. Thin sections show that much of the chalcocite has been corroded and altered to veinlets of covellite. Secondary minerals have precipitated on the corroded surface of the chalcocite-covelliet. Pseudomalachite and chalcosiderite/turquoise form globules and crusts, while rare ulrichit, libethenite, torbernite and iodargyrite are present as scattered crystals with dimensions less than 1 mm. Bleasdaleite itself occurs as thin, dark brown scaly crusts and hemispherical clusters up to about 0.1 mm across. Scanning electron microscopy reveals delicate tabular crystals forming open rosette-like clusters and linings. The crystals reach up to about 20 micron across but are less than 1 micron thick. The lustre on broken surfaces is resinous, streak pale brown. Thin sections show bleasdaleite crystals are transparent and also reveal a well developed (001) cleavage."

Localities: Reported from at least24 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least6 localities in this region.

Description: "Chabazite is the most common zeolite from the South Clunes area and generally forms the large complex twins (phacolite variety) occurring as clear, glassy, fractured crystals up to 1.7 cm in diameter lining vugs in the basalt. It is found associated with the other zeolites, thomsonite, mesolite and levyne and is very similar in appearance to the 'phacolite' from Richmond-Collingwood quarries in Melbourne."

Description: "The chalcocite in the bleasdaleite-bearing boulder forms massive patches up to about 5 cm across, occupying space between large orthoclase crystals. The rock around these patches is stained green, possibly due to malachite. Thin sections show that much of the chalcocite has been corroded and altered to veinlets of covellite. Secondary minerals have precipitated on the corroded surface of the chalcocite-covellite."

Localities: Reported from at least22 localities in this region.

Description: "Small grains of chalcopyrite are relatively common throughout the granite. In one cavity a crystal measuring 1.2 cm and coated with sooty blue chalcocite or covellite was collected. Grains of chalcopyrite or covellite was collected. Grains of chalcopyrite in the granite are often ringed with yellowish alteration halos, and on some surfaces thin stains of azurite and malachite occur. The chalcopyrite is the most probable source for copper in the later-formed phosphates and uranyl-phosphates. Brownish masses consisting of a mixture of iron oxides and chalcocite replacing chalcopyrite occur in some veins and cavities."

Description: "Pale blue, pale green or bluish green globular crusts and individual spheres or hemispheres of minerals in the composition series between turquoise and chalcosiderite are widespread in the Lake Boga granite quarry. They occur most often lining small miarolitic cavities but may also be found on joint planes and in cavities etched in fluorapatite. Individual globules may reach close to 1 mm across. Well formed crystals have not been observed. Massive partial replacements of orthoclase crystals by turquoise have been collected, but are very rare. As an early-formed secondary hydrothermal mineral, turquoise/chalcosiderite is found with most of the other secondary phosphates from Lake Boga. Microprobe analyses of the bluish green crusts show the compositions fall between ferrian turquoise and aluminan chalcosiderite."

Description: "Highly lustrous single crystals of brownish green chlorargyrite less than 0.5 mm across occur very rarely in cavities in the granite. They may be found with orange-brown clay, turquoise/chalcosiderite and, more rarely, with torbernite. The source of the silver in the granite is unknown."

Localities: Reported from at least10 localities in this region.

Description: "The chalcocite in the bleasdaleite-bearing boulder forms massive patches up to about 5 cm across, occupying space between large orthoclase crystals. The rock around these patches is stained green, possibly due to malachite. Thin sections show that much of the chalcocite has been corroded and altered to veinlets of covellite. Secondary minerals have precipitated on the corroded surface of the chalcocite-covellite."

Description: "Crandalite occurs rarely as glistening white hemispheres up to 0.3 mm across in miarolitic cavities. As well, pale blue crandallite with a pearly lustre forms rare cavity infillings and prismatic radiating crystal sprays a few mm across, possibly pseudomorphs after wavellite. Microprobe analysis show this pale blue variety has a composition between crandallite and goyazite and contains a small amount of copper. It is best refered to as cuprian strontian crandallite."

Description: "Cyrilovite forms bright sparkling yellow drusy crusts and dull brownish yellow globules in miarolitic cavities in the Lake Boga granite. The crusts are made up of transparent golden yellow crystals up to 0.05 mm across."

Localities: Reported from at least7 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least9 localities in this region.

Description: "Small clusters of black tabular crystals of ferberite up to 2 mm across occur in miarolitic cavities in the Lake Boga granite."Ferberite has also been found in crystalline masses up to 5 cm across embedded in granite.

Localities: Reported from at least6 localities in this region.

Description: "Attractive well-formed fluorapatite crystals are found in miarolitic cavities, particularly in the upper levels of the quarry. In general, crystals have simple hexagonal to near circular outlines, and range from tabular to blocky and, less often to prismatic. Complex terminations are absent, and crystals usually have a flat lustrous pinacoids face, often showing growth outlines. Some crystals show weakly developed low angle pyramidal faces. The prism faces are almost always striated. The largest crystal collected include tabular varieties 4.5 cm across and 1 cm thick, and prisms 2.5 cm long and 1.2 cm across. Colour in the larger crystals generally ranges from shades of dull greyish to bluish green and deep opaque blue. Most crystals show colour zoning involving these shades, as well as near colourless and pale purple zones. The most common scheme is for pale blue translucent crystals to have dark blue bands at the upper and lower pinacoids. Sparklings of smaller crystals from opaque cream or grey to colourless or transparent blue or mauve are also found. Apatite has also been found rarely at Lake Boga as lustrous, fibrous globular dark green linings to cavities."

Description: "The pearly, white apophyllite mineral forms irregular patches up to 2 or 3 cm across in the aggregate. The material bordering the etched cavity is quite pulverulent but tends to become harder at the margin of the aggregate where it is in contact with granodiorite."

Description: "Thin seams of purple fluorite have been found on joint planes in the granite."

Description: Fluor-schorl is the dominant tourmaline at Lake Boga occurring as black interlocking crystals masses up to 15 cm across in the granite, also as single black crystals up to 5 cm long in miarolitic cavities (pers. com. S.Mills)

Localities: Reported from at least17 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least9 localities in this region.

Description: "At the Tylden quarry, gonnardite has been found abundantly as botryoidal coatings and hemispheres of white acicular sprays up to 5 mm in diameter. These crystals were previously identified as mesolite, however X-ray diffraction and microprobe analysis showed that they consist of a thin natrolite-rich rim on a gonnardite-rich core. This zonation can be seen on broken spheres which show a pearly, white radiating fibrous structure of platy crystals. The gonnardite/natrolite is associated with chabazite and appears to have crystalized first."

Colour: colourless

Description: Gordonite forms crusts and aggregates of colorless platy crystals up to 0.3 mm across, often on soft pale brown clay fragments. Parwan is the first record of this mineral forming in a cave environment.

Localities: Reported from at least8 localities in this region.

Description: Composition En55Fs41.6Or3.4

Localities: Reported from at least12 localities in this region.

Description: "A pegmatite boulder containing patches of massive chalcocite up to 4 cm across was found in April 1995. The chalcocite occupies cavities between large orthoclase crystals. Alteration of the chalcocite has produced a suite of secondary copper phosphate minerals in small cavities. In some cavities are colourless, waxy, platy to tabular crystals, up to about 1.0 mm across, which have been identified as a polymorph of silver iodide, probably iodargyrite."

Description: Porphyritic in K-spar, with flow alignment and cumulate textures common in the granite. The K-spars in pegmatitic patches have pinkish colouration.

Description: "At Lake Boga, cream to pale yellow spherical clusters up to 0.3 mm across of delicate platy crystals of kidwellite have been found in miarolitic cavities. On a few specimens the mineral forms a continuous furry coating on the cavity walls. When broken, the spheres have a fibrous silky appearance in contrast to the waxy, globular, cream or pale yellow clay mineral which may be associated. Kidwellite occurs with cyrilovite, turquoise/chalcosiderite, torbernite or saleeite."

Description: "Kunatite was first found about 1990, and occurs on only 7 or 8 small pieces of granite matrix, which may have been the contents of a single miarolitic cavity. kunatite from Lake Boga occurs as acicular to lath-like microcrystals that are rapidially intergrown to form compactto slightly open spheres, hemispheres and flattened sprays up to about 0.25mm across. Individual fibrous crystals are up to 30 micron long and 5 micron thick. The only supergene mineral associated with kunatite is chalcosiderite/turquoise. Thin blades of manganoan ferberite occur on several of the specimens, but this is regarded as an accidental association. The matrix minerals are smoky quartz, white albite, cream orthoclase and muscovite."

Description: "Lakebogaite occurs as bright lemon-yellow transparent prismatic crystals up to 0.4 mm across. The crystals have a vitreous luster and a pale yellow streak. It is associated with meurigite-Na, torbernite and saleeite on a matrix of microcline, albite, smoky quarz, and muscovite."

Description: "One specimen of levyne has been collected from the Tylden quarry. It consists of thin, roughly hexagonal, translucent plates up to 2 mm in a cavity lined with greenish montmorillonite. The crystals are twinned with (0001) forming the contact plane. Phillipsite crystals are found on the specimen although not in the same cavity as the levyne."The levyne is not analysed, but given the nature of the other zeolites at Tylden it is likely that it is the Levyne-Ca type.

Description: "Leucophosphite from Lake Boga forms hemispherical clusters up to 1 mm across consisting of translucent, pale pink to brownish pink, tabular crystals which appear slightly twisted. They occur with globular cyrilovite, kidwellite and a pale yellow clay mineral in miarolitic cavities."

Description: "Crusts and hemispherical tufts and sprays of transparent dark green to olive green libethenite crystals occur in miarolitic cavities in the Lake Boga granite. Crystals are prismatic and up to 2.5 mm long, ranging from finely fibrous needles to more stubby individuals which are well-terminated. Small cavities may be completely lined with inwardly pointing libethenite crystals. The minerals most frequently associated with libethenite are turquoise/chalcosiderite, ulrichite, pseudomalachite and sampleite."

Habit: dendritical

Colour: black

Localities: Reported from at least7 localities in this region.

Description: "Powdery coatings, fibrous tuffs and thin films of malachite and azurite have been found on joints in the granite."

Description: "Mesolite from South Clunes has been identified by X-ray diffraction on specimens in the Museum of Victoria collection. The mesolite forms a soft white crust of needles often completely lining the vugs in the basalt. It also forms small tufts and sprays of acicular crystals up to 1 mm long in several vugs. Phacolite twins, which have crystalized after the mesolite, are often found in the mesolite lined vugs."

Habit: As clusters to 4 mm.

Colour: lemon yellow

Description: "The metanatroautunite forms crystals and clusters up to 4 mm across on limonite-coated joint planes and in miarolitic cavities. Crystals may appear to be aggregates of intergrown plates with slightly rounded edges. In some crystals with more blocky habits, these plates may be separated. The upper surface of these crystals tend to be slightly concave and crinkled partly due to dehydration. Rare intergrowths with saleeite or torbernite occur.Metanatroautunite is initially difficult to distinguish from saleeite at Lake Boga. However, metanatroautunite tends to be translucent with a pearly or slightly greasy lustre, and be bright lemon yellow. This colour may be slightly more intense on the edge than on the upper face. Saleeite at Lake Boga is generally transparent and more golden yellow."

Description: "Very small platy crystals of molybdenite, usually less than 0.1 mm across, have been found in a few cavities in the granite."

Colour: off-white

Description: In the Parwan Cave montgomeryite occurs in the clay-Taranakite matrix as off-white, straw-like crusts, with a pearly lustre up to 3 mm thick. Montgomeryite also forms spongy aggregates of elongated, platy, cream colored crystals up to 0.5 mm long, and loose clusters of white to cream spheres, between 0.1 and 0.3 mm across, consisting of platy crystals. Another variety of montgomeryite occurs as thin, light-yellow crusts, composed of slightly botryoidal rosettes of tiny plates.

Colour: brown

Description: Montmorillonite forms rich brown waxy masses in the cave floor.

Localities: Reported from at least18 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least11 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least303 localities in this region.

Description: Found as small blebs in chromite and pyroxene. Unusually Ni-poor (~.15wt%)[for meteorites]

Description: "Specimens showing dull greyish green globular coatings, occurring very rarely on joints stained with brown iron hydroxides were found in 1994.. he crusts have a slightly silky appearance due to their finely fibrous nature. Scanning electron micrographs show the globules consist of tiny radiating prismatic crystallites."

Description: "Crystals previously identified as mesolite, after X-ray diffraction and microprobe analysis showed that they consist of a thin natrolite-rich rim on a gonnardite-rich core. This zonation can be seen on broken spheres which show a pearly, white radiating fibrous structure of platy crystals. The gonnardite/natrolite is associated with chabazite and appears to have crystalized first."

Description: Note: the reference by Spencer refers to another reference: "G. B. Pritchard, Victorian Naturalist, 1901, vol. xviii, p. 63. A zeolite occurring as white, radial aggregates in the decomposed basalt of the Moorabool valley, Victoria".

Localities: Reported from at least17 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least11 localities in this region.

Description: "Rare hyalite has been recorded as joint fillings."

Description: "Blocky crystals of orthoclase line miarolitic cavities, but have often grown across the cavities and are poorly or non terminated. They are usually white to cream and perthitic, with the sodic phase often etched out leaving a skeletal structure. The crystals commonly show Carlsbad twinning. Large blocky terminated crystals measuring up to 10 x 11x 12cm have been collected."

Habit: Globular grains.

Colour: White

Description: Parwanite occurs as clusters up to 0.2 mm across of pseudo hexagonal platy crystals lining fissures and cavities in the clay/taranakite matrix. It has also crystalized on the brown clay fragments enclosed in the matrix. The crystals are white to cream and have a pearly lustre.

Description: "At Tylden, phillipsite is relatively rare although transparent to translucent twinned crystals have been collected. They occur as fourlings or eightlings up to 3 mm long."

Description: "At Trentham Falls quarry some attractive phillipsites have been collected. They often occur on a brown clay and are associated with chabazite and small spheres of siderite. The crystals up to 5mm show twinning and they are quite transparent with very few fractures."

Localities: Reported from at least6 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least9 localities in this region.

Description: Specimen was not in situ. Confirmation needed.See discussion in http://www.mindat.org/mesg-7-55384.html"A pale grey chert like mass, measuring about 45 x 30 x 25 cm was found in August 1995. The specimen had apparently been dislodged from where it had been enclosed in granite in the northeast corner of the quarr, about 6 metres from the top of the eastern wall. Thin quartz/calcite veinlets cut the portlandite."

Description: "Pseudomalachite occurs as irregular globular aggregates and, more rarely, rough crystals up to a few mm across, in cavities in the Lake Boga granite. It is pearly to vitreous, and transparent to translucent dark blueish green. It is often associated libethenite and ulrichite. The mineral also occurs as massive cavity fillings and scaly coatings on joint planes, where it its often seen with sampleiite, and may also occur very rarely as layers between cleavage flakes of muscovite."

Localities: Reported from at least70 localities in this region.

Description: Orthopyroxene & Clinopyroxene, Ca-rich & Ca-poor pyroxenes: Hypersthene w. Augite lamellae most noticeable, but pigeonite also present

Localities: Reported from at least8 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least157 localities in this region.

Description: "Generally, quartz crystals in the miarolitic cavities are dark smoky to pale pinkish brown, well terminated, translucent to transparent and often gem quality. Crystals up to 23 cm long have been found, although they are more commonly 5-8 cm. They are often coated with a thin veneer of white clay and drusy fluorapatite crystals."

Description: "Rhodochrosite was first recorded in 1866 as 'diallogite' from the Port Phillip Company Mine.The rhodochrosite forms an attractive pinkish mauve to pinkish brown crust on manganese oxides coating quartz. Spherical globes up to 3 mm across occur, with broken surfaces showing a concentric growth structure."

Description: "Dark bluish green irregular masses of rockbridgeite have been found as earthy fillings and globular linings in miarolitic cavities up to about 1 cm across in a medium-grained aplitic phase of the Lake Boga Granite. Hemispheres and globular crusts of transparent yellow cyrilovite frequently coat the rockbridgeite."

Localities: Reported from at least12 localities in this region.

Description: "Small lustrous bipyramidal black crystals of rutile occur on quartz in some cavities."

Description: "Saleeite crystals occur in miarolitic cavities and on limonite-encrusted joint planes in the Lake Boga granite. Pale to lemon or greenish yellow translucent to transparent platy crystals occur as fan-like clusters or flattened aggregates. They are usually less than 3 mm on edge but exceptional crystals may reach 9 mm. Thick tabular and unusual prismatic crystals are less common. Saleeite may overgrow torbernite crystals at Lake Boga."

Description: "This is one of the most attractive of the rare phosphates at Lake Boga, occurring as vivid sky blue, micaceous aggregates on joint planes and platy to powdery cavity infillings in the granite. Groups of free standing tabular transparent blue crystals up to 0.5 mm high are frequently observed. Sampleite is most closely associated with pseudomalachite, but may also be found with libethenite, turquoise/chalcosiderite, cyrilovite and more rarely, ulrichite."

Description: Schorl is confined to the miarolitic cavities forming fine fibrous needle like black/brown crystals. (pers.com. S.Mills)

Localities: Reported from at least19 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least15 localities in this region.

Localities: Reported from at least11 localities in this region.

Colour: white to cream

Description: The massive white to cream chalky material at Parwan, when examined by X-ray diffraction soon after removal from the cave, consisted of a mixture of poorly crystalline taranakite and a clay mineral, possibly kaolinite.However after several years the material is now largely X-ray amorphous and it appears the taranakite is unstable when it dries out. The taranakite is the most common mineral at Parwan after the clay, and is associated with most of the other minerals.

Description: "Torbernite is the most widespread of the uranium-bearing phosphates at Lake Boga. It is found on joint planes and in small cavities and is frequently associated with limonite crusts and films. Crystals may also be found on clay filling cavities and between cleavage flakes in books of muscovite. Torbernite usually occurs as thin, lustrous, transparent pale green to emerald green tabular crystals up to 2.5 mm on edge. These may lay flat on joints or occur as free standing aggregates in cavities. Thick tabular to blocky crystals of a more intense green have also been found. Torbernite occurs with most of the other phosphates at Lake Boga."

Localities: Reported from at least6 localities in this region.

Description: As small blebs in chromite and pyroxene

Description: "Pale blue, pale green or bluish green globular crusts and individual spheres or hemispheres of minerals in the composition series between turquoise and chalcosiderite are widespread in the Lake Boga granite quarry. They occur most often lining small miarolitic cavities but may also be found on joint planes and in cavities etched in fluorapatite. Individual globules may reach close to 1 mm across. Well formed crystals have not been observed. Massive partial replacements of orthoclase crystals by turquoise have been collected, but are very rare. As an early-formed secondary hydrothermal mineral, turquoise/chalcosiderite is found with most of the other secondary phosphates from Lake Boga. Microprobe analyses of the bluish green crusts show the compositions fall between ferrian turquoise and aluminan chalcosiderite."

Description: "This attractive mineral was first collected at the Lake Boga quarry in the mid-1980s. A zone a few metres across at the base of the east wall of the quarry, at a depth of around 20 metres has yielded all the ulrichite so far collected. Ulrichite forms delicate radiating sprays of translucent to transparent, pale green to bright lime green, needle-like crystals up to 1 mm long and 0.05 mm thick. They occur in small close up, irregular miarolitic cavities in a fine-grained equigranular phase of the Lake Boga granite. Some of the cavities are lined or partly filled with a glistening reddish brown clay mineral. Ulrichite is amongst the earliest of the secondary minerals to crystalise at Lake Boga and occurs most frequently with turquoise/chalcosiderite. It is also observed with cyrilovite, libethenite, pseudomalachite and rarely, with torbernite. It has also been found on etched fluorapatite crystals."

Description: "Colourless to white, prismatic wavellite crystals up to 1 mm long occur rarely, forming fibrous radiating aggregates in cavities with pale blue turquoise. The mineral has also been found as flattened radiating aggregates of pale blue crystals on joint planes in the granite."

Localities: Reported from at least10 localities in this region.