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Erdenet Mine (Erdenetiin Ovoo Mine), Bayan-Öndör District, Orkhon Province, Mongoliai
Regional Level Types
Erdenet Mine (Erdenetiin Ovoo Mine)Mine
Bayan-Öndör DistrictCity
Orkhon ProvinceProvince
MongoliaCountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
49° 1' 7'' North , 104° 7' 29'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
49.01873,104.12499
GRN:
N33E50
Type:
Mine
Köppen climate type:
Dwc : Monsoon-influenced subarctic climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Erdenet79,647(2014)3.4km
Mindat Locality ID:
26155
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:26155:2
GUID (UUID V4):
0


Very large copper mine.
The city was built in 1975 to exploit the copper deposit.
Central, Northwest, Shand and Oyut deposits.
Estimated metal reserves calculated in 1991 of 7.6 Mt Cu and 216,600 t Mo in approximately 1490 Mt of ore with 0.509% Cu and 0.015% Mo. The Erdenetiin Ovoo deposit is located in the territory of Northern Mongolia, within the Orkhon-Selenge volcano-sedimentary trough of magmatic belt, which is characterized by Late Palaeozoic to Mesozoic calc-alkaline volcanism.

Select Mineral List Type

StandardDetailedGalleryStrunzChemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


33 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical ListTree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘAnhydrite
Formula:CaSO4
ⓘAzurite
Formula:Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
ⓘ'Biotite'
Formula:K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘBornite
Formula:Cu5FeS4
ⓘBrochantite
Formula:Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘCalcite
Formula:CaCO3
ⓘChalcocite
Formula:Cu2S
ⓘChalcopyrite
Formula:CuFeS2
References:
Sotnikov, Vitaliy I.; Berzina, Anita N.; Economou-Eliopoulos, Maria; Eliopoulos, Demetrios G. (2001) Palladium, platinum and gold distribution in porphyry Cu±Mo deposits of Russia and Mongolia.Ore Geology Reviews, 18 (1).doi:10.1016/s0169-1368(01)00018-x
Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008.Open-File Report 2008-1155
Berzina, Anita N., Adel P. Berzina, and Victor O. Gimon. (2016) "Paleozoic–Mesozoic Porphyry Cu(Mo) and Mo(Cu) Deposits within the Southern Margin of the Siberian Craton: Geochemistry, Geochronology, and Petrogenesis (a Review)" Minerals 6, no. 4: 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/min6040125
김영민 (2019)Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Erdenetiin Ovoo porphyry Cu-Mo deposit and the Dzuunmod orogenic gold deposits in northern Mongolia: Implications for ore genesis and sources. 서울대학교 대학원.
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'
ⓘChrysocolla
Formula:Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x< 1
ⓘCovellite
Formula:CuS
ⓘCubanite
Formula:CuFe2S3
ⓘCuprite
Formula:Cu2O
ⓘDelafossite
Formula:Cu+Fe3+O2
ⓘEpidote
Formula:(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'
ⓘFerrimolybdite
Formula:Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
ⓘFluorite
Formula:CaF2
ⓘGalena
Formula:PbS
ⓘGoethite
Formula:Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘGypsum
Formula:CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘJarosite
Formula:KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘKaolinite
Formula:Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘ'Limonite'
ⓘMagnetite
Formula:Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘMalachite
Formula:Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘMolybdenite
Formula:MoS2
References:
Sotnikov, Vitaliy I.; Berzina, Anita N.; Economou-Eliopoulos, Maria; Eliopoulos, Demetrios G. (2001) Palladium, platinum and gold distribution in porphyry Cu±Mo deposits of Russia and Mongolia.Ore Geology Reviews, 18 (1).doi:10.1016/s0169-1368(01)00018-x
Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008.Open-File Report 2008-1155
Berzina, Anita N., Adel P. Berzina, and Victor O. Gimon. (2016) "Paleozoic–Mesozoic Porphyry Cu(Mo) and Mo(Cu) Deposits within the Southern Margin of the Siberian Craton: Geochemistry, Geochronology, and Petrogenesis (a Review)" Minerals 6, no. 4: 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/min6040125
김영민 (2019)Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Erdenetiin Ovoo porphyry Cu-Mo deposit and the Dzuunmod orogenic gold deposits in northern Mongolia: Implications for ore genesis and sources. 서울대학교 대학원.
ⓘMuscovite
Formula:KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘMuscovite var. Sericite
Formula:KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
References:
Sotnikov, Vitaliy I.; Berzina, Anita N.; Economou-Eliopoulos, Maria; Eliopoulos, Demetrios G. (2001) Palladium, platinum and gold distribution in porphyry Cu±Mo deposits of Russia and Mongolia.Ore Geology Reviews, 18 (1).doi:10.1016/s0169-1368(01)00018-x
Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008.Open-File Report 2008-1155
Berzina, Anita N., Adel P. Berzina, and Victor O. Gimon. (2016) "Paleozoic–Mesozoic Porphyry Cu(Mo) and Mo(Cu) Deposits within the Southern Margin of the Siberian Craton: Geochemistry, Geochronology, and Petrogenesis (a Review)" Minerals 6, no. 4: 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/min6040125
김영민 (2019)Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Erdenetiin Ovoo porphyry Cu-Mo deposit and the Dzuunmod orogenic gold deposits in northern Mongolia: Implications for ore genesis and sources. 서울대학교 대학원.
ⓘNative Copper
Formula:Cu
ⓘPowellite
Formula:Ca(MoO4)
ⓘPyrite
Formula:FeS2
References:
Sotnikov, Vitaliy I.; Berzina, Anita N.; Economou-Eliopoulos, Maria; Eliopoulos, Demetrios G. (2001) Palladium, platinum and gold distribution in porphyry Cu±Mo deposits of Russia and Mongolia.Ore Geology Reviews, 18 (1).doi:10.1016/s0169-1368(01)00018-x
Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008.Open-File Report 2008-1155
Berzina, Anita N., Adel P. Berzina, and Victor O. Gimon. (2016) "Paleozoic–Mesozoic Porphyry Cu(Mo) and Mo(Cu) Deposits within the Southern Margin of the Siberian Craton: Geochemistry, Geochronology, and Petrogenesis (a Review)" Minerals 6, no. 4: 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/min6040125
김영민 (2019)Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Erdenetiin Ovoo porphyry Cu-Mo deposit and the Dzuunmod orogenic gold deposits in northern Mongolia: Implications for ore genesis and sources. 서울대학교 대학원.
ⓘPyrrhotite
Formula:Fe1-xS
ⓘQuartz
Formula:SiO2
ⓘQuartz var. Chalcedony
Formula:SiO2
ⓘRutile
Formula:TiO2
ⓘSphalerite
Formula:ZnS
References:
Sotnikov, Vitaliy I.; Berzina, Anita N.; Economou-Eliopoulos, Maria; Eliopoulos, Demetrios G. (2001) Palladium, platinum and gold distribution in porphyry Cu±Mo deposits of Russia and Mongolia.Ore Geology Reviews, 18 (1).doi:10.1016/s0169-1368(01)00018-x
Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008.Open-File Report 2008-1155
Berzina, Anita N., Adel P. Berzina, and Victor O. Gimon. (2016) "Paleozoic–Mesozoic Porphyry Cu(Mo) and Mo(Cu) Deposits within the Southern Margin of the Siberian Craton: Geochemistry, Geochronology, and Petrogenesis (a Review)" Minerals 6, no. 4: 125. https://doi.org/10.3390/min6040125
김영민 (2019)Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Erdenetiin Ovoo porphyry Cu-Mo deposit and the Dzuunmod orogenic gold deposits in northern Mongolia: Implications for ore genesis and sources. 서울대학교 대학원.
ⓘ'Syenodiorite'
ⓘ'Tennantite Subgroup'
Formula:Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
ⓘ'Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series'
ⓘ'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula:Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
ⓘ'Tourmaline'
Formula:AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘTurquoise
Formula:CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
ⓘ'White mica'
ⓘ'Zeolite Group'
ⓘZircon
Formula:Zr(SiO4)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘNative Copper1.AA.05Cu
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘChalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
ⓘBornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
ⓘCovellite2.CA.05aCuS
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘCubanite2.CB.55aCuFe2S3
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘMolybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘ'Tennantite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S
ⓘ'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘFluorite3.AB.25CaF2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘGoethite4.00.Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘCuprite4.AA.10Cu2O
ⓘDelafossite4.AB.15Cu+Fe3+O2
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘQuartz
var. Chalcedony		4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘ4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘRutile4.DB.05TiO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘAzurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
ⓘMalachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘAnhydrite7.AD.30CaSO4
ⓘBrochantite7.BB.25Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘJarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘGypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘPowellite7.GA.05Ca(MoO4)
ⓘFerrimolybdite7.GB.30Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘTurquoise8.DD.15CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘEpidote9.BG.05a(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
ⓘMuscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘvar. Sericite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘKaolinite9.ED.05Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
ⓘChrysocolla9.ED.20Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
ⓘ'Zeolite Group'9.G0.
Unclassified
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Chlorite Group'-
ⓘ'Tennantite-Tetrahedrite Series'-
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Limonite'-
ⓘ'Tourmaline'-AD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ'White mica'-
ⓘ'Syenodiorite'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
HⓘAzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
HⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
HⓘBrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
HⓘChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x< 1
HⓘEpidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
HⓘFerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
HⓘGoethiteFe3+O(OH)
HⓘGypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
HⓘJarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
HⓘKaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
HⓘMalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
HⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
HⓘTurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
HⓘMuscovite var.SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
BBoron
BⓘTourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
CCarbon
CⓘAzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
CⓘCalciteCaCO3
CⓘMalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
OOxygen
OⓘAnhydriteCaSO4
OⓘAzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
OⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
OⓘBrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
OⓘCalciteCaCO3
OⓘQuartz var.ChalcedonySiO2
OⓘChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x< 1
OⓘCupriteCu2O
OⓘDelafossiteCu+Fe3+O2
OⓘEpidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
OⓘFerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
OⓘGoethiteFe3+O(OH)
OⓘGypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
OⓘJarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
OⓘKaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
OⓘMagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
OⓘMalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
OⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
OⓘPowelliteCa(MoO4)
OⓘQuartzSiO2
OⓘRutileTiO2
OⓘTourmalineAD3G6(T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
OⓘTurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
OⓘZirconZr(SiO4)
OⓘMuscovite var.SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
FFluorine
FⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
FⓘFluoriteCaF2
MgMagnesium
MgⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
AlAluminium
AlⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
AlⓘChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x< 1
AlⓘEpidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
AlⓘKaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
AlⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
AlⓘTurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
AlⓘMuscovite var.SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
SiSilicon
SiⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
SiⓘQuartz var.ChalcedonySiO2
SiⓘChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x< 1
SiⓘEpidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
SiⓘKaoliniteAl2(Si2O5)(OH)4
SiⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
SiⓘQuartzSiO2
SiⓘZirconZr(SiO4)
SiⓘMuscovite var.SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
PPhosphorus
PⓘTurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
SSulfur
SⓘAnhydriteCaSO4
SⓘBorniteCu5FeS4
SⓘBrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
SⓘChalcopyriteCuFeS2
SⓘChalcociteCu2S
SⓘCovelliteCuS
SⓘCubaniteCuFe2S3
SⓘTennantite-Tetrahedrite Series
SⓘGalenaPbS
SⓘGypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
SⓘJarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
SⓘMolybdeniteMoS2
SⓘPyriteFeS2
SⓘPyrrhotiteFe1-xS
SⓘSphaleriteZnS
SⓘTennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
SⓘTetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
KPotassium
KⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
KⓘJarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
KⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
KⓘMuscovite var.SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
CaⓘAnhydriteCaSO4
CaⓘCalciteCaCO3
CaⓘEpidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
CaⓘFluoriteCaF2
CaⓘGypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
CaⓘPowelliteCa(MoO4)
TiTitanium
TiⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
TiⓘRutileTiO2
FeIron
FeⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
FeⓘBorniteCu5FeS4
FeⓘChalcopyriteCuFeS2
FeⓘCubaniteCuFe2S3
FeⓘDelafossiteCu+Fe3+O2
FeⓘEpidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
FeⓘFerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
FeⓘGoethiteFe3+O(OH)
FeⓘJarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
FeⓘMagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
FeⓘPyriteFeS2
FeⓘPyrrhotiteFe1-xS
CuCopper
CuⓘAzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
CuⓘBorniteCu5FeS4
CuⓘBrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
CuⓘChalcopyriteCuFeS2
CuⓘChalcociteCu2S
CuⓘChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x< 1
CuⓘCovelliteCuS
CuⓘCubaniteCuFe2S3
CuⓘCupriteCu2O
CuⓘNative CopperCu
CuⓘDelafossiteCu+Fe3+O2
CuⓘTennantite-Tetrahedrite Series
CuⓘMalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
CuⓘTennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
CuⓘTetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
CuⓘTurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 · 4H2O
ZnZinc
ZnⓘSphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
AsⓘTennantite-Tetrahedrite Series
AsⓘTennantite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)As4S12S
ZrZirconium
ZrⓘZirconZr(SiO4)
MoMolybdenum
MoⓘFerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
MoⓘMolybdeniteMoS2
MoⓘPowelliteCa(MoO4)
SbAntimony
SbⓘTennantite-Tetrahedrite Series
SbⓘTetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
PbLead
PbⓘGalenaPbS

Geochronology

Mineralization age:Middle Triassic : 241.5 Ma to 239.6 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic TimeRocks, Minerals and Events
Phanerozoic
 Mesozoic
  Triassic
   Middle Triassic
ⓘ Molybdenite (youngest age)239.6 Ma
ⓘ Molybdenite (oldest age)241.5 Ma

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

AsiaContinent
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, pleaseregister so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt tovisit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holdersfor access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Sarantsatsral, Narmandakh, Rajive Ganguli, Rambabu Pothina, and Batmunkh Tumen-Ayush. 2021. "A Case Study of Rock Type Prediction Using Random Forests: Erdenet Copper Mine, Mongolia" Minerals 11, no. 10: 1059. https://doi.org/10.3390/min11101059
Sotnikov, Vitaliy I.; Berzina, Anita N.; Economou-Eliopoulos, Maria; Eliopoulos, Demetrios G. (2001) Palladium, platinum and gold distribution in porphyry Cu±Mo deposits of Russia and Mongolia.Ore Geology Reviews, 18 (1).doi:10.1016/s0169-1368(01)00018-x
en.wikipedia.org (n.d.)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erdenet
Singer, D.A., Berger, V.I., Moring, B.C. (2008) Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database and grade and tonnage models, 2008.Open-File Report 2008-1155
Natkaniec-Nowak, Lucyna, Magdalena Dumańska-Słowik, Jaroslav Pršek, Marek Lankosz, Paweł Wróbel, Adam Gaweł, Joanna Kowalczyk, and Jacek Kocemba. (2016) "Agates from Kerrouchen (The Atlas Mountains, Morocco): Textural Types and Their Gemmological Characteristics" Minerals 6, no. 3: 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/min6030077
김영민 (2019)Geology, mineralogy and stable isotope geochemistry of the Erdenetiin Ovoo porphyry Cu-Mo deposit and the Dzuunmod orogenic gold deposits in northern Mongolia: Implications for ore genesis and sources. 서울대학교 대학원.
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