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Urstad Feldspar Mine, Hidra, Flekkefjord, Agder, Norwayi
Regional Level Types
Urstad Feldspar MineMine (Tourist Attraction)
HidraIsland
FlekkefjordMunicipality
AgderCounty
NorwayCountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
58° 13' 39'' North , 6° 34' 28'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
58.22753,6.57447
GeoHash:
G#:u4kejxgru
GRN:
N39E03
Type:
Mine (Tourist Attraction) - last checked 2022
Köppen climate type:
Cfb : Temperate oceanic climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Flekkefjord5,615(2016)9.2km
Vestbygd1,083(2013)14.2km
Feda396(2013)14.9km
Vanse1,953(2013)15.9km
Farsund3,151(2010)20.0km
Mindat Locality ID:
2479
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:2479:5
GUID (UUID V4):
15f66f84-8563-4e7f-a441-200588ce79df
Other Languages:
Norwegian:
Urstad feltspatgruve, Hidra, Flekkefjord, Agder, Norge


A old feldspar mine in granite pegmatite. Especially noted for large Aeschynite-(Y) crystals (> 3 kg). Chunks of aeschynite-(Y) up to 20 kg have been found here. Worked in the period around 1870 to 1906.
It is also kown for a find of large gadolinite-(Y) crystals.
Ulland (1994) mentions Husefjell and Bastfjell as alternative names. Considerable amounts of a red microcline have been extracted. The feldspar was transported with horse and wagon down to Urstadstrand, where it was loaded on ships.
From 2020 the mine has become a touristic site (free entrance) and part of the Magma Geopark. The once overgrown dump in the front of the mine entrance are now unfortunately completely removed and a parking lot has replaced it.

The coordinates are confirmed.

Select Mineral List Type

StandardDetailedGalleryStrunzChemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


13 valid minerals. 1(TL) - type locality of valid minerals.

Detailed Mineral List:

✪Aeschynite-(Y) (TL)
Formula:(Y,Ln,Ca,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6
Type Locality:
Habit: Platy after {010}, with the dominant form {010}, {130}, {001}. Forms also observed: {110}, {120}, {111}, {101}, [001}
Colour: Brownish black, metamict with thin brownish alteration
Description: Brøgger (1879) gave a crystallographic description of a black mineral from Urstad without chemical analysis. He thought it to be identical with aeschynite (From Miask, which later was named aeschynite-(Ce)). In Brøgger (1906) the mineral were described in detail, and gave it the name Blomstrandine. He states on p. 104 the that aeschynite from Miask is a Cerium-Aeschynit and that the blomstrandine from Hitterö was a "Yttrium-Aeschynit". A part of a crystal weighing 3kg and chunks up to 20 kg has been noted.
References:
Brøgger, W.C. (1879) XXVI. Untersuchungen norwegischer Mineralien II.Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 3 (1) 471-487doi:10.1524/zkri.1879.3.1.471
Brøgger, W. C. (1906) Die Mineralien der Südnorwegischen Granit-Pegmatitgänge - I. Niobate, Tantalate, Titanate und Titanoniobate [The minerals of the South Norwegian granite pegmatite dikes - I. Niobates, tantalates, titanates and titanoniobates].Videnskabsselskabet i Christiania Skrifter - I Mathematisk-naturvidenskabelig klasse, 1906.pp.97-104
Adamson, Olge J. (1942) The Granite Pegmatites of Hitterö, Southwestern Norway.Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar, 64 (2) 97-116doi:10.1080/11035894209445089
Clark, A. M. (1993)Hey's Mineral Index - Mineral Species, Varieties and Synonyms (3rd ed.). Natural History Museum.
ⓘAlbite
Formula:Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘAlbite var. Oligoclase
Formula:(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
ⓘ'Allanite Group'
Formula:(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Description: Described by Schetelig (1922) as orthit
ⓘ'Biotite'
Formula:K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘEuxenite-(Y)
Formula:(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
ⓘGadolinite-(Y)
Formula:Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
Description: Up to 10 cm long crystals
ⓘIlmenite
Formula:Fe2+TiO3
ⓘMagnetite
Formula:Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘMicrocline
Formula:K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘMuscovite
Formula:KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘPerrierite-(Ce)
Formula:Ce4MgFe3+2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
Habit: subhedral
Description: 5 cm long, metamict subhedral crystals. Identified by heating and XRD at NHM, Oslo
ⓘQuartz
Formula:SiO2
ⓘSpessartine
Formula:Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘXenotime-(Y)
Formula:Y(PO4)
ⓘZircon
Formula:Zr(SiO4)
ⓘZircon var. Malacon
Formula:Zr(SiO4)

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘIlmenite4.CB.05Fe2+TiO3
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘAeschynite-(Y) (TL)4.DF.05(Y,Ln,Ca,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6
ⓘEuxenite-(Y)4.DG.05(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘXenotime-(Y)8.AD.35Y(PO4)
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘSpessartine9.AD.25Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘZircon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘvar. Malacon9.AD.30Zr(SiO4)
ⓘGadolinite-(Y)9.AJ.20Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
ⓘPerrierite-(Ce)9.BE.70Ce4MgFe3+2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
ⓘMuscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘMicrocline9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘAlbite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘvar. Oligoclase9.FA.35(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
Unclassified
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Allanite Group'-(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
HⓘAeschynite-(Y)(Y,Ln,Ca,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6
HⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
HⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
HⓘAllanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
BeBeryllium
BeⓘGadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
OOxygen
OⓘAeschynite-(Y)(Y,Ln,Ca,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6
OⓘAlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
OⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
OⓘEuxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
OⓘGadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
OⓘIlmeniteFe2+TiO3
OⓘMagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
OⓘMicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
OⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
OⓘAlbite var.Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
OⓘPerrierite-(Ce)Ce4MgFe23+Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
OⓘQuartzSiO2
OⓘSpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
OⓘXenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
OⓘZirconZr(SiO4)
OⓘZircon var.MalaconZr(SiO4)
OⓘAllanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
FFluorine
FⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
NaSodium
NaⓘAlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
NaⓘAlbite var.Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
MgMagnesium
MgⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
MgⓘPerrierite-(Ce)Ce4MgFe23+Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
AlAluminium
AlⓘAlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
AlⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
AlⓘMicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
AlⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
AlⓘAlbite var.Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
AlⓘSpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
SiSilicon
SiⓘAlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
SiⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
SiⓘGadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
SiⓘMicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
SiⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
SiⓘAlbite var.Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
SiⓘPerrierite-(Ce)Ce4MgFe23+Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
SiⓘQuartzSiO2
SiⓘSpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
SiⓘZirconZr(SiO4)
SiⓘZircon var.MalaconZr(SiO4)
SiⓘAllanite Group(A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
PPhosphorus
PⓘXenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
KPotassium
KⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
KⓘMicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
KⓘMuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
CaⓘAeschynite-(Y)(Y,Ln,Ca,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6
CaⓘEuxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
CaⓘAlbite var.Oligoclase(Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]
TiTitanium
TiⓘAeschynite-(Y)(Y,Ln,Ca,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6
TiⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
TiⓘEuxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
TiⓘIlmeniteFe2+TiO3
TiⓘPerrierite-(Ce)Ce4MgFe23+Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
MnManganese
MnⓘSpessartineMn32+Al2(SiO4)3
FeIron
FeⓘBiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
FeⓘGadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
FeⓘIlmeniteFe2+TiO3
FeⓘMagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
FeⓘPerrierite-(Ce)Ce4MgFe23+Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
YYttrium
YⓘAeschynite-(Y)(Y,Ln,Ca,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6
YⓘEuxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
YⓘGadolinite-(Y)Y2Fe2+Be2Si2O10
YⓘXenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
ZrZirconium
ZrⓘZirconZr(SiO4)
ZrⓘZircon var.MalaconZr(SiO4)
NbNiobium
NbⓘAeschynite-(Y)(Y,Ln,Ca,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6
NbⓘEuxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
CeCerium
CeⓘEuxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
CeⓘPerrierite-(Ce)Ce4MgFe23+Ti2(Si2O7)2O8
TaTantalum
TaⓘEuxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
ThThorium
ThⓘAeschynite-(Y)(Y,Ln,Ca,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6
ThⓘEuxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
UUranium
UⓘEuxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
Eurasian Plate
Norway

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References

www.facebook.com (n.d.)https://www.facebook.com/watch/?v=298440304921469
geologiensdag.no (n.d.)https://geologiensdag.no/index.php/fylkesoversikt/502-apning-urstad-gruver
Brøgger, W.C. (1879) XXVI. Untersuchungen norwegischer Mineralien II.Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials, 3 (1) 471-487doi:10.1524/zkri.1879.3.1.471first crystallographic description on aeschynite-(Y) from Urstad
Brøgger, W. C. (1906) Die Mineralien der Südnorwegischen Granit-Pegmatitgänge - I. Niobate, Tantalate, Titanate und Titanoniobate [The minerals of the South Norwegian granite pegmatite dikes - I. Niobates, tantalates, titanates and titanoniobates].Videnskabsselskabet i Christiania Skrifter - I Mathematisk-naturvidenskabelig klasse, 1906.pp.97-104 - first description of blomstrandine = Aeschynite -(Y)
Andersen, Olaf (1931) Feltspat II. Forekomster i fylkene Buskerud og Telemark, i flere herreder i Aust-Agder og i Hidra i Vest-Agder.Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse 128b p.1-109.pp.86-107
Ulland, L. A. (1994): Gruvedrift. in Hanssen, J., Hansson, H. & Larsen, O. (eds): (1994) Ytterst mot havet. Kystmuseet Fedrenes Minne 50 år. Hidra 1994, 63-72
Hetherington, C. J., Harlov, D. E. (2008) Metasomatic thorite and uraninite inclusions in xenotime and monazite from granitic pegmatites, Hidra anorthosite massif, southwestern Norway: Mechanics and fluid chemistry.American Mineralogist, 93 (5) 806-820doi:10.2138/am.2008.2635
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