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Migration Policy Institute
E.g., 10/27/2025
E.g., 10/27/2025
Employment & the Economy

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Employment & the Economy

_Employment+Economy

As workers and consumers, immigrants play a role in the labor markets and economies of the countries in which they settle. The research collected here examines how immigrants fare in the labor market, whether they are affected differently than native-born workers during cycles of boom and bust, the role of migration policymaking as a lever of competitiveness, employment of the foreign born by sector and skill, and the fiscal impacts of immigration. MPI's research also assesses the role of temporary workers and the labor recruitment process.

Recent Activity

Fact sheet thumbnail for 2025 unauthorized immigrants research
Fact Sheets
October 2025
By Julia Gelatt, Ariel G. Ruiz Soto and James D. Bachmeier
Young women outdoors.
Articles
October 16, 2025
ByAllison Rutland and Jeanne Batalova
Students in a lecture hall.
Articles
September 10, 2025
ByFrank Laczko and Neli Esipova
Cover image for All in for a Thriving Connecticut
Reports
September 2025
By Margie McHugh, Julia Gelatt, Colleen Putzel-Kavanaugh, Katherine Habben, Jacob Hofstetter and Julie Sugarman
Marchers at the Philippine Independence Day Parade in New York City.
Articles
September 4, 2025
ByTsveta Dobreva and Jeanne Batalova
A woman at an airport looks at flight information
Articles
August 26, 2025
ByVeronica Paez-Deggeller
Fact sheet thumbnail for 2025 unauthorized immigrants research
Fact Sheets
October 2025
By Julia Gelatt, Ariel G. Ruiz Soto and James D. Bachmeier
Cover image for All in for a Thriving Connecticut
Reports
September 2025
By Margie McHugh, Julia Gelatt, Colleen Putzel-Kavanaugh, Katherine Habben, Jacob Hofstetter and Julie Sugarman
Cover image for How Can Labor Migration Policies Help Tackle Europe’s Looming Skills Crisis?
Reports
June 2025
By Kate Hooper, Tesseltje de Lange and Jasmijn Slootjes
Cover image for Consideraciones clave para futuros programas de protección temporal...
Reports
June 2025
By Diego Chaves-González, María Jesús Mora, Ana Alanis and Natalia Banulescu-Bogdan
Cover image for Key Considerations for Future Temporary Protection and Regularization Programs...
Reports
June 2025
By Diego Chaves-González, María Jesús Mora, Ana Alanis and Natalia Banulescu-Bogdan
Cover image for Facing New Migration Realities...
Policy Briefs
May 2025
By Ariel G. Ruiz Soto, Doris Meissner and Andrew Selee
Cover image for Migration Governance in Unsettled Times
Policy Briefs
April 2025
By Meghan Benton, Natalia Banulescu-Bogdan and Kate Hooper
Young women outdoors.
Spotlight
October 16, 2025

Approximately 2.5 million sub-Saharan African immigrants lived in the United States in 2024—more than triple the number in 2000—with most coming from Nigeria, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, or South Africa. This article offers a range of information about this diverse group, which has higher educational attainment and English proficiency than the overall immigrant population, and tends to have higher income. 

Students in a lecture hall.
Feature
September 10, 2025

The United States remains the top destination for Chinese students studying internationally, although numbers have declined significantly in recent years. Most Chinese students at U.S. colleges and universities say they have experienced discrimination, and those who have are much more likely to want return to China, according to survey data contained in this article.

Marchers at the Philippine Independence Day Parade in New York City.
Spotlight
September 4, 2025

People from the Philippines comprise the fourth largest U.S. immigrant group. Characteristics of this group reflect the long history of migration, dating back to before the islands' time as a U.S. colony. Filipino immigrants are more likely to be U.S. citizens, have a college degree, and higher median household incomes than immigrants overall. This article offers insights on the population's current and historical trends.

A woman at an airport looks at flight information
Feature
August 26, 2025

The number of international migrants globally has roughly doubled since 1990. Yet because the world's overall population has grown, the share of all people living outside their country of origin is only slightly higher than it was then. This useful, data-rich article puts the global migrant population in context, offering current and historical statistics about the cross-border movements of workers, students, refugees and asylum seekers, and others.

Una mujer de Honduras en un desfile en Washington, DC.
Spotlight
August 14, 2025

Las personas de América Central representan casi uno de cada diez inmigrantes en los Estados Unidos, una población en rápido crecimiento. La mayoría de los inmigrantes centroamericanos provienen de El Salvador, Guatemala o Honduras. Este artículo proporciona información sobre la población inmigrante centroamericana en los Estados Unidos.

Image of parents posing with daughter
Short Reads
November 2024
By Jeanne Batalova, Michael Fix and Julia Gelatt
Graphic image of man's hand touching screen with word skills
Short Reads
July 2023
By Kate Hooper, Jeanne Batalova and Julia Gelatt
Photo of a teacher from Ukraine organizing activities for refugee children in Moldova
Short Reads
February 2023
By Hanne Beirens, Lucía Salgado and Jasmijn Slootjes
Collection of illustrations related to finance, business, and people working together
Explainers
October 2024

The question of whether immigration represents a net cost or a net benefit to the U.S. economy has been a major source of contention, even as the research literature and thinking among economists has been quite clear. A strong body of research and consensus by most economists finds that immigration, on balance, is a net positive for the U.S. economy. This explainer walks through the issues.

Explainer_LegalImmigrationSystem Legal Immigration Pie_small
Explainers
April 2019

Through which visa categories can immigrants move temporarily or permanently to the United States? What are the main channels by which people come, and who can sponsor them for a green card? Are there limits on visa categories? And who is waiting in the green-card backlog? This explainer answers basic questions about temporary and permanent immigration via family, employment, humanitarian, and other channels.

Book-On the Move: Rapidly Evolving Migration Trends and Policies in Latin America and the Caribbean
Video
September 8, 2025

Esta conversación oportuna y provocadora sobre la migración en las Américas presenta los principales hallazgos de los autores, patrones sorprendentes y las urgentes preguntas de política pública que enfrenta hoy América Latina y el Caribe.  

Book-On the Move: Rapidly Evolving Migration Trends and Policies in Latin America and the Caribbean
Video, Audio
September 8, 2025

This timely and thought-provoking conversation on migration in the Americas features discussion of the new book On the Move: Migration Policies in Latin America and the Caribbean, surprising patterns, and the urgent policy questions facing Latin America and the Caribbean today.

Expert Q&A, Audio
June 5, 2025

Labor shortages are increasingly driving some countries to look outside their borders for workers. Can labor mobility be managed in a way that benefits workers, employers, countries of origin, and countries of destination alike? This World of Migration episode focuses on India and the implications of large-scale emigration for its economic advancement.

President Trump Addresses Joint Session of Congress - March 4, 2025
Video, Audio
April 24, 2025

Top analysts assess the most consequential immigration actions taken during the first 100 days of President Trump's second term, detail the litigation picture, and analyze some of the early effects of policies on U.S. communities.

The World Is Going Greener. What Role Can Immigrants Play?
Expert Q&A, Audio
December 12, 2024

Many countries need more workers to fill jobs in clean energy and other sectors that are critical in the fight against climate change. In this episode of our podcast Changing Climate, Changing Migration, Migration Policy Institute senior policy analyst Kate Hooper discusses the role immigrants can play.

Recent Activity

Fact Sheets
October 2025

The 13.7 million unauthorized immigrants living in the United States as of mid-2023 reflect increasingly diverse origins, socioeconomic and labor market characteristics, family composition, and places of settlement. This fact sheet explores those trends, drawing on MPI's detailed data profiles of the unauthorized immigrant population at U.S., state, and top county levels. 

Articles
October 16, 2025

Approximately 2.5 million sub-Saharan African immigrants lived in the United States in 2024—more than triple the number in 2000—with most coming from Nigeria, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, or South Africa. This article offers a range of information about this diverse group, which has higher educational attainment and English proficiency than the overall immigrant population, and tends to have higher income. 

Video, Webinars
September 8, 2025

Esta conversación oportuna y provocadora sobre la migración en las Américas presenta los principales hallazgos de los autores, patrones sorprendentes y las urgentes preguntas de política pública que enfrenta hoy América Latina y el Caribe.  

Video, Audio, Webinars
September 8, 2025

This timely and thought-provoking conversation on migration in the Americas features discussion of the new book On the Move: Migration Policies in Latin America and the Caribbean, surprising patterns, and the urgent policy questions facing Latin America and the Caribbean today.

Articles
September 10, 2025

The United States remains the top destination for Chinese students studying internationally, although numbers have declined significantly in recent years. Most Chinese students at U.S. colleges and universities say they have experienced discrimination, and those who have are much more likely to want return to China, according to survey data contained in this article.

Reports
September 2025

Immigrants comprise 15 percent of Connecticut’s population, and nearly 30 percent of children in the state are part of immigrant families. Having driven all state population and workforce growth over the last 15 years, immigrants are an important part of Connecticut’s present and its future. This report examines state policies and systems that aim to support upward mobility for all families, highlighting ways in which they could better meet the needs of low-income immigrant families.

Articles
September 4, 2025

People from the Philippines comprise the fourth largest U.S. immigrant group. Characteristics of this group reflect the long history of migration, dating back to before the islands' time as a U.S. colony. Filipino immigrants are more likely to be U.S. citizens, have a college degree, and higher median household incomes than immigrants overall. This article offers insights on the population's current and historical trends.

Articles
August 26, 2025

The number of international migrants globally has roughly doubled since 1990. Yet because the world's overall population has grown, the share of all people living outside their country of origin is only slightly higher than it was then. This useful, data-rich article puts the global migrant population in context, offering current and historical statistics about the cross-border movements of workers, students, refugees and asylum seekers, and others.

In the Spotlight

Immigration Data Matters

This easy-to-use online guide compiles some of the most credible governmental and authoritative nongovernmental data sources pertaining to immigrants and immigration in the United States and internationally. The guide directly links users to more than 220 data sources, organized by topic and region, and offers tips on how to access more complicated datasets.

Get Started

Media Resources


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