The international comparative study TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) examines the performance of fourth-grade students in mathematics and science. The results from TIMSS Germany are to be used to improve the training and further education of teachers, the content of curricula, the design of teaching materials, and the orientation of school framework conditions. Germany has participated in TIMSS every four years since 2007. The study is jointly funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research and the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs in the Federal Republic of Germany.